| 2005 |
PSTPIP2 directly bundles F-actin in vitro and colocalizes with cortical and filopodial F-actin in vivo in macrophages. Overexpression decreased CSF-1-induced membrane ruffling and increased filopodia formation and directional motility, while reduced PSTPIP2 expression produced the opposite phenotype, establishing PSTPIP2 as a negative regulator of membrane ruffling and positive regulator of filopodia and chemotaxis downstream of CSF-1R. |
In vitro F-actin bundling assay with purified MAYP/PSTPIP2, overexpression and RNAi knockdown in macrophages with quantification of membrane ruffling, filopodia, and chemotaxis, colocalization imaging |
Molecular biology of the cell |
High |
15788569
|
| 2005 |
A missense mutation c.293T→C in pstpip2 (L98P) co-segregates with the cmo autoinflammatory phenotype in mice, and the cmo locus was refined to a 1.3 Mb region on chromosome 18 containing pstpip2, identifying this gene as the genetic cause of chronic multifocal osteomyelitis. |
Positional cloning via backcross breeding, Sanger sequencing of candidate genes in refined interval |
Bone |
Medium |
16122996
|
| 2006 |
A second missense mutation (I282N, Lupo) in MAYP/PSTPIP2 causes macrophage-mediated autoinflammatory disease transferable by bone marrow transplantation and dependent on macrophages (suppressible by clodronate liposomes). The I282N mutation renders the protein unstable, reducing expression ~3-fold in macrophages; LPS-stimulated MAYP upregulation is abolished. MAYP is expressed in monocytes/macrophages and a Mac1+ granulocyte subfraction, and LPS increases its expression in macrophages. |
Positional cloning of Lupo mutation, bone marrow transplantation, clodronate liposome depletion, Western blot for protein stability, cytokine measurement in vitro |
Blood |
High |
16397132
|
| 2009 |
PSTPIP2 deficiency (cmo, L98P) causes loss of detectable PSTPIP2 protein in macrophages, mast cells, and osteoclasts. cmo disease is lymphocyte-independent and cured by bone marrow transplantation. PSTPIP2-deficient macrophages show elevated MIP-1α and IL-6 production and increased CSF-1-stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation and proliferation; retroviral re-expression of wild-type PSTPIP2 normalizes cytokine production, establishing PSTPIP2 as a negative regulator of CSF-1R signaling in macrophages. |
Bone marrow transplantation, retroviral rescue of PSTPIP2 expression in macrophages, flow cytometry, Western blot, cytokine ELISA, ERK phosphorylation assays |
Blood |
High |
19608749
|
| 2012 |
PSTPIP2 suppresses osteoclastogenesis via two separable functional domains: (1) tyrosine phosphorylation and a functional F-BAR domain are required for inhibiting both TRAP expression and osteoclast precursor fusion; (2) interaction with PEST-type phosphatases is required only for suppression of TRAP expression but not fusion. Elevated MIP-1α production in PSTPIP2-deficient macrophages is CSF-1R-dependent, and pharmacological CSF-1R/c-Kit inhibition (PLX3397) ameliorates disease in cmo mice. |
In vitro osteoclastogenesis assays with purified PSTPIP2-mutant precursors, domain mutagenesis (F-BAR, tyrosine, PEST-phosphatase binding), PLX3397 pharmacological treatment of cmo mice, serum MIP-1α measurement |
Blood |
High |
22923495
|
| 2014 |
In cmo mice, IL-1β (but not IL-1α) plays a critical role in bone pathology via IL-1RI signaling. Disease is independent of the NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1. Neutrophils (not macrophages) from cmo mice secrete elevated IL-1β in response to ATP, silica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and this response is sensitive to serine protease inhibitors, implicating neutrophil serine proteases in inflammasome-independent IL-1β processing. |
Genetic epistasis (IL-1RI-deficient cmo mice, IL-1α/β knockout cmo mice, NLRP3/caspase-1 knockout cmo mice), ex vivo neutrophil and macrophage stimulation assays, serine protease inhibitor treatment |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
24395802
|
| 2014 |
PSTPIP2 interacts with LYN kinase and impairs megakaryocyte differentiation by recruiting PEST phosphatases to suppress CSK activity, leading to enhanced Src family kinase activation and reduced ERK phosphorylation. A W232A mutant of PSTPIP2 (defective in PEST phosphatase interaction) fails to inhibit differentiation and promotes megakaryocyte differentiation instead. PSTPIP2 is a GATA-1-repressed gene in megakaryocytes. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (PSTPIP2–LYN), ectopic expression and siRNA knockdown in K562 cells, dominant-negative and constitutively active LYN constructs for epistasis, W232A mutagenesis, flow cytometry for CD41 and ploidy, ERK phosphorylation assay, primary mouse bone marrow megakaryocyte assays |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
24407241
|
| 2015 |
PSTPIP2 binds both SHIP1 and Csk (inhibitory enzymes) in addition to previously known PEST phosphatases. SHIP1 binds to the C-terminal tyrosine residues of PSTPIP2 that are critical for its PEST-phosphatase-independent inhibitory function. In neutrophils, the SHIP1-binding C-terminal region of PSTPIP2 is required for suppression of IL-1β processing; pharmacological SHIP1 inhibition enhances IL-1β processing. |
Co-immunoprecipitation of PSTPIP2 with SHIP1 and Csk, domain mapping of SHIP1 binding site, SHIP1 inhibitor treatment of neutrophils, IL-1β processing assays with neutrophil stimulation (silica, Ab aggregates, LPS) |
Journal of immunology |
Medium |
26304991
|
| 2011 |
PSTPIP2 localizes to detergent-resistant membranes (lipid rafts) containing the HCV RNA replication complex and is required for formation of NS4B-induced membranous webs. A membrane curvature-defective PSTPIP2 mutant fails to support HCV replication, demonstrating that the membrane-deforming activity of PSTPIP2 is essential for membranous web formation and HCV replication. |
lentiviral RNAi knockdown in HCV replicon and infected cells (HCV RNA/protein quantification), subcellular fractionation to detergent-resistant membranes, membranous web formation assay, curvature-defective PSTPIP2 mutant rescue experiment |
Journal of virology |
Medium |
22130530
|
| 2018 |
PSTPIP2 promoter hypermethylation in hepatic macrophages (mediated by DNMT3a and DNMT3b) silences PSTPIP2 expression during liver fibrosis. PSTPIP2 overexpression suppresses M1 polarization by inhibiting STAT1 activity and promotes M2 polarization by enhancing STAT6 activity. Knockdown promotes M1 and suppresses M2 polarization in vitro. |
RRBS genome-wide methylation sequencing of isolated hepatic macrophages, ChIP assay for DNMT3a/3b binding to PSTPIP2 promoter, AAV9-PSTPIP2 overexpression in mice, STAT1/STAT6 phosphorylation Western blot, siRNA knockdown in RAW264.7 cells |
Oncogene |
Medium |
29993036
|
| 2022 |
Disruption of the PEST-PTP binding site in PSTPIP2 causes symptomatic autoinflammatory disease, while disruption of the SHIP1 binding site does not. Both PEST-PTPs and SHIP1 contribute equally to control of IL-1β production in neutrophils, but PEST-PTPs have a dominant role in controlling reactive oxygen species production and CXCL2 chemokine secretion, the latter creating a positive feedback loop for neutrophil recruitment. |
Generation of knock-in mouse strains with point mutations disrupting PEST-PTP or SHIP1 binding sites, disease symptom scoring, IL-1β and ROS assays in neutrophils, CXCL2 measurement |
Frontiers in immunology |
High |
36605205
|
| 2022 |
PSTPIP2 regulates synovial macrophage polarization and dynamics in an ERβ-dependent manner, forming an F4/80+PSTPIP2hi immunological barrier in the joint lining layer. This was established using Pstpip2CreR26-ZsGreen reporter mice and Esr2fl/fl/Adgre-Cre conditional knockout mice. |
Pstpip2CreR26-ZsGreen reporter mouse imaging, macrophage-specific Esr2 (ERβ) conditional knockout (Esr2fl/fl/Adgre-Cre), AAV-PSTPIP2 overexpression, macrophage polarization and dynamics assays |
Arthritis research & therapy |
Medium |
36324152
|
| 2020 |
PSTPIP2 suppresses cisplatin-induced apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells. H3K27 acetylation at the PSTPIP2 promoter drives its expression, and HDAC inhibition (TSA) upregulates PSTPIP2; silencing PSTPIP2 abolishes this anti-apoptotic effect in vitro. |
AAV-PSTPIP2 overexpression in mice, epithelial cell-specific overexpression, siRNA knockdown in vitro, ChIP assay validating H3K27ac binding to PSTPIP2 promoter, TSA HDAC inhibitor treatment |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
33311489
|
| 2024 |
In aristolochic acid nephropathy, PSTPIP2 suppresses NET formation via the NF-κB/IL-19/IL-20Rβ pathway: damaged renal tubular epithelial cells release IL-19 via PSTPIP2-mediated NF-κB inhibition, and IL-19 signals through IL-20Rβ on neutrophils to induce NETs, which in turn promote RTEC apoptosis. Conditional Pstpip2 knock-in reduced neutrophil infiltration, IL-19, and NETs; Ly6G neutrophil depletion and PAD4 inhibition phenocopied PSTPIP2 protection. |
Conditional kidney-specific Pstpip2 knock-in mice, Ly6G-neutralizing antibody (neutrophil depletion), PAD4 inhibitor, in vitro IL-19/IL-20Rβ signaling experiments in damaged RTECs, NF-κB pathway analysis |
eLife |
Medium |
38314821
|
| 2022 |
DNMT3a directly binds the Pstpip2 promoter (shown by ChIP assay) and is the principal epigenetic regulator of PSTPIP2 expression during alcohol-induced liver injury; DNMT3a silencing restores PSTPIP2 expression and reduces inflammation. PSTPIP2 overexpression regulates inflammatory responses through STAT1 and NF-κB signaling pathways in macrophages. |
ChIP assay for DNMT3a at Pstpip2 promoter, methylation-specific PCR, DNMT3a siRNA knockdown, AAV9-PSTPIP2 overexpression in EtOH-fed mice, STAT1/NF-κB Western blot |
Pharmacological research |
Medium |
35149186
|
| 2024 |
PSTPIP2 protects hepatocytes from apoptosis via STAT3 signaling: PSTPIP2 overexpression reduced caspase-dependent apoptosis in EtOH-induced ALI mice and in a stable PSTPIP2-overexpressing AML-12 cell line, with STAT3 identified as a direct downstream signaling pathway regulated by PSTPIP2. |
AAV9-PSTPIP2 overexpression in EtOH-fed mice, lentivirus-stable PSTPIP2-overexpressing AML-12 cells, caspase activity assays, STAT3 phosphorylation Western blot |
Biochemical pharmacology |
Low |
38824967
|