Affinage

PLSCR1

Phospholipid scramblase 1 · UniProt O15162

Length
318 aa
Mass
35.0 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
33 papers in source corpus 22 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

PLSCR1 is an interferon-stimulated, palmitoylation-regulated plasma membrane protein that acts as a broad cell-autonomous antiviral restriction factor and a stimulus-dependent nuclear transcriptional regulator (PMID:37438530, PMID:23487022). As a restriction factor it blocks enveloped-virus entry by interfering with glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion: parallel genome-wide CRISPR screens established it as a potent SARS-CoV-2 restriction factor that targets virus-containing vesicles to prevent spike-mediated fusion through its C-terminal β-barrel domain rather than its lipid scramblase activity (PMID:37438530), a route-specific blockade of endocytic entry that is overcome by TMPRSS2 and circumvented by recent variants (PMID:39316623), and in part reflects downregulation of plasma-membrane ACE2 (PMID:39945535). The same fusion-blocking activity, independent of lipid scramblase function and of type I IFN signaling, restricts HIV-1 Env-mediated fusion (PMID:41004226) and influenza A virus, where PLSCR1 binds the viral NP protein in a manner competed by ILDR1 (PMID:35595813); PLSCR1 additionally restricts HCMV by repressing transcription from viral immediate-early and early promoters (PMID:35138119). Beyond direct restriction, PLSCR1 traffics to the nucleus following APT-1–mediated depalmitoylation (PMID:29377576) or Tyr69/74 phosphorylation (PMID:32292520) and binds gene promoters to drive transcription of IP3R1 (PMID:23487022, PMID:28492556), STAT1 (PMID:32292520), and the IFN-λ receptor IFNLR1 (PMID:41439508), coupling it to calcium signaling, myeloid differentiation, and interferon responses. Its abundance is controlled by NEDD4-2–mediated ubiquitination (PMID:40835608), and it nucleates a RELT–OSR1–PLSCR1 multiprotein complex in which OSR1 phosphorylates PLSCR1 only in the presence of RELT (PMID:22052202). In cancer, nuclear PLSCR1 promotes stem-cell properties and radioresistance via a STAT1 feedback loop (PMID:32292520, PMID:34773335) and engages EGFR to activate MAPK signaling and drug efflux (PMID:42140933).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 17 steps
  1. 1998 Medium

    Established the founding biochemical identity of PLSCR1 as the plasma membrane phospholipid scramblase mediating transbilayer phospholipid movement, anchoring all subsequent functional work.

    Evidence cDNA cloning and sequence analysis with expression studies in U937 cells

    PMID:9712717

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional assignment rested on sequence identity rather than reconstituted enzymatic assay
    • No structural basis for scramblase activity defined
  2. 2004 Medium

    Localized PLSCR1 and its lipid flip-flop activity to lipid-raft membrane domains at the stimulated neutrophil uropod, showing scramblase activity does not require new mobilization of the protein to the membrane.

    Evidence Flow cytometry, subcellular fractionation, and live-cell lipid uptake assays in neutrophils

    PMID:14766753

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve how flip-flop activity is triggered locally
    • Single cell type
  3. 2006 Medium

    Linked PLSCR1 to myeloid growth control and revealed that its palmitoylation state governs partitioning between membrane and nucleus, foreshadowing a dual-compartment function.

    Evidence Tetracycline-inducible overexpression in U937 cells with cell-cycle and apoptosis markers

    PMID:16702944

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism connecting nuclear PLSCR1 to gene-expression changes not yet defined
    • Enzyme controlling palmitoylation cycle unidentified at this stage
  4. 2011 Medium

    Defined PLSCR1 as a scaffold in a RELT-OSR1 signaling complex where RELT is required for OSR1-mediated phosphorylation of PLSCR1, connecting it to kinase signaling.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, reciprocal co-IP, in vitro kinase assay, and co-localization

    PMID:22052202

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of RELT-OSR1-PLSCR1 phosphorylation not established
    • Phosphosite not mapped
  5. 2018 Medium

    Identified APT-1-mediated depalmitoylation as the molecular switch enabling PLSCR1 nuclear translocation, explaining the membrane-to-nucleus relocation observed earlier.

    Evidence Depalmitoylation assays, inhibitor studies and immunofluorescence in primary AML cells

    PMID:29377576

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether other stimuli use the same APT-1 switch unknown
    • Nuclear import machinery not defined here
  6. 2017 Medium

    Resolved the nuclear function of PLSCR1 as direct transcriptional activation of IP3R1, coupling it to ER calcium release and leukemic-cell differentiation.

    Evidence ChIP, Ca2+ flux measurements, and NOD/SCID xenografts (extends siRNA/ChIP work from 2013)

    PMID:23487022 PMID:28492556

    Open questions at the time
    • DNA sequence recognized by PLSCR1 not defined
    • Whether PLSCR1 binds DNA directly or via partners unresolved
  7. 2020 Medium

    Showed Tyr69/74 phosphorylation as an alternative trigger for nuclear translocation and identified a nuclear PLSCR1-STAT3-STAT1 promoter axis driving cancer stemness, generalizing the transcriptional role beyond IP3R1.

    Evidence ChIP, co-IP, RT-PCR, siRNA, and in vivo tumorigenesis in basal-like breast cancer

    PMID:32292520

    Open questions at the time
    • Kinase phosphorylating Tyr69/74 not identified
    • Relationship between phosphorylation and depalmitoylation switches unclear
  8. 2021 Medium

    Identified KPNA2 as the import factor mediating PLSCR1 nuclear accumulation and placed a nuclear PLSCR1-STAT1 feedback loop in radioresistance.

    Evidence Co-IP, siRNA, NGS, and radioresistance assays in lung adenocarcinoma

    PMID:34773335

    Open questions at the time
    • How depalmitoylation/phosphorylation feeds into KPNA2 recognition not shown
    • Direct nuclear localization signal not mapped
  9. 2022 Medium

    Extended PLSCR1 from a scramblase to an antiviral factor, demonstrating transcriptional repression of HCMV immediate-early/early promoters and disruption of CREB/CBP-IE2 complexes.

    Evidence PLSCR1-KO cells, reporter assays, co-IP and plaque assays

    PMID:35138119

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether nuclear or membrane PLSCR1 mediates HCMV restriction unclear
    • Direct DNA binding to viral promoters not shown
  10. 2022 Medium

    Defined a PLSCR1-NP antiviral interaction against influenza A and identified ILDR1 as a competing binding partner, with in vivo confirmation in Plscr1-/- mice.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, co-IP, and Plscr1-/- mouse H1N1 infection

    PMID:35595813

    Open questions at the time
    • Domain mediating NP binding not mapped
    • Physiological trigger regulating ILDR1 competition unknown
  11. 2023 High

    Established PLSCR1 as a potent IFN-induced cell-autonomous SARS-CoV-2 restriction factor that blocks spike-mediated fusion at virus-containing vesicles via its C-terminal β-barrel, decoupling restriction from lipid scramblase activity.

    Evidence Genome-wide CRISPR screens, 4Pi nanoscopy, fusion reporter assays and domain mutagenesis

    PMID:37438530

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism by which the β-barrel blocks fusion not fully resolved
    • Host/viral binding partner at the vesicle not identified
  12. 2024 High

    Independently confirmed PLSCR1 as an ISG restricting SARS-CoV-2 entry specifically via the endocytic route and showed TMPRSS2 bypass and variant adaptation, refining the restriction model.

    Evidence Arrayed genome-wide CRISPR screen with TMPRSS2 epistasis and meta-analysis

    PMID:39316623

    Open questions at the time
    • Viral determinants of variant escape not defined
    • Why restriction is endocytic-route specific not mechanistically explained
  13. 2025 Medium

    Generalized the entry-blocking activity to HIV-1, SIV and HIV-2, showing PLSCR1 blocks Env-mediated fusion without affecting receptor expression or binding, IFN-independently.

    Evidence Fusion and cell-to-cell transmission assays across multiple cell types and viral strains

    PMID:41004226

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether HIV-1 restriction uses the same β-barrel/vesicle mechanism as SARS-CoV-2 untested
    • Direct interaction with Env not shown
  14. 2025 Medium

    Identified plasma-membrane ACE2 downregulation as one mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 entry restriction, adding a receptor-availability arm to the fusion-block model.

    Evidence ISG-KO screen, PLSCR1 KO/overexpression and surface ACE2 flow cytometry with authentic virus

    PMID:39945535

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of selective surface ACE2 removal not defined
    • Reconciliation with vesicle-targeting model not addressed
  15. 2025 Medium

    Defined NEDD4-2 as the ubiquitin ligase controlling PLSCR1 protein stability, with functional consequences for phosphatidylserine exposure and apoptotic-cell clearance.

    Evidence AP-MS, co-IP, ubiquitination assay, NEDD4-2 KO cells/mouse kidney and macrophage clearance assays

    PMID:40835608

    Open questions at the time
    • Ubiquitination sites on PLSCR1 not mapped
    • Whether degradation regulates antiviral activity untested
  16. 2025 High

    United PLSCR1's transcriptional and antiviral roles by showing it both activates IFNLR1 transcription and binds IFN-λR1 protein to modulate interferon-lambda signaling against influenza, with dual genetic mouse models.

    Evidence ChIP, co-IP, Plscr1-/- and Foxj1-Cre+ overexpressor mice, transcriptomics and scRNA-seq

    PMID:41439508

    Open questions at the time
    • How nuclear (transcriptional) and surface (receptor-binding) functions are partitioned not resolved
    • Lipid scramblase activity shown dispensable but the active determinant not localized
  17. 2026 Medium

    Implicated PLSCR1 in chemoresistance through EGFR binding and MAPK-driven efflux-pump upregulation, with m6A-mediated stabilization of its own mRNA.

    Evidence Co-IP, siRNA, m6A analysis and in vitro/in vivo assays in chemoresistant TNBC

    PMID:42140933

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct vs. indirect EGFR activation not distinguished
    • Relationship to nuclear transcriptional roles unclear

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a single protein integrates its membrane fusion-blocking, lipid scramblase, and nuclear transcriptional activities—and what structural determinant of the β-barrel mediates broad antiviral fusion blockade—remains unresolved.
  • No structure of PLSCR1 engaging a viral glycoprotein or vesicle
  • Switch logic between membrane and nuclear pools not unified
  • Physiological role of scramblase activity distinct from antiviral function undefined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 5 GO:0003677 DNA binding 4 GO:0016853 isomerase activity 2
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 7 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 5 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 6 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 5 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3
Partners
EGFRILDR1KPNA2NEDD4LOSR1RELL1RELL2RELT
Complex memberships
RELT-OSR1-PLSCR1 complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1998 Human PLSCR1 (MmTRA1b) was identified as the plasma membrane phospholipid scramblase required for transbilayer movement of membrane phospholipids; the predicted amino acid sequence showed perfect identity with the human plasma membrane phospholipid scramblase. cDNA cloning, sequence analysis, and expression studies in U937 cells Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 9712717
2004 PLSCR1 is present in plasma membranes of non-permeabilized neutrophils and is also located in secretory vesicles and tertiary and secondary granules; it is enriched in detergent-insoluble membranes (lipid rafts) and co-localizes with raft markers at the neutrophil uropod following fMLP stimulation. Phospholipid flip-flop activity (PS exposure and uptake) also localizes to this uropod domain. fMLP stimulation did not significantly alter PLSCR1 surface labeling, suggesting stimulated phospholipid flip-flop does not require additional mobilization of PLSCR1 to the plasma membrane. Flow cytometry with anti-PLSCR1 antibodies, subcellular fractionation, detergent-insoluble membrane isolation, live-cell fluorescent lipid uptake assays The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 14766753
2005 PLSCR1 augments UV-induced apoptosis primarily through the intrinsic (caspase-9) apoptotic pathway rather than the extrinsic (caspase-8) pathway. A PLSCR1 mutant with alanine substitution at the PKC-delta phosphorylation site enhanced UV-induced apoptosis to the same level as wild-type PLSCR1, indicating that direct phosphorylation of PLSCR1 by PKC-delta is not required for PLSCR1-enhanced scramblase activity during apoptosis. Caspase inhibitor pharmacology, site-directed mutagenesis (Ala substitution at PKC-delta phosphorylation site), transfection, apoptosis assays Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 15863367
2006 Inducible overexpression of PLSCR1 in U937 myeloid leukemic cells arrested proliferation at G1 phase and promoted granulocyte-like differentiation, increased CDK inhibitors p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1), downregulated SKP2, decreased c-Myc and Bcl-2 proteins, and increased sensitivity to etoposide-induced apoptosis. PLSCR1 localization is regulated by its palmitoylation state, with palmitoylated PLSCR1 at the membrane and depalmitoylated form in the nucleus. Tetracycline-inducible expression system, flow cytometry (cell cycle), Western blotting Oncogene Medium 16702944
2011 PLSCR1 physically interacts with all three RELT family members (RELT, RELL1, RELL2) as identified by yeast two-hybrid screening and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. OSR1 kinase phosphorylates PLSCR1 in vitro only in the presence of RELT, suggesting formation of a functional multiprotein RELT-OSR1-PLSCR1 complex. RELT overexpression alters the intracellular localization of PLSCR1. Yeast two-hybrid screen, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, fluorescence co-localization Molecular and cellular biochemistry Medium 22052202
2013 Wogonoside promotes PLSCR1 nuclear translocation in AML cells, where nuclear PLSCR1 binds to the IP3R1 promoter and increases IP3R1 expression; PLSCR1 knockdown partially blocked wogonoside-induced G1 cell cycle arrest and differentiation. siRNA knockdown, ChIP, immunostaining, Western blotting, flow cytometry Blood Medium 23487022
2015 PLSCR1 induction by dsDNA transfection in ovarian epithelial cells is mediated by the STING/IRF3 pathway: IRF3 siRNA knockdown or STING siRNA knockdown markedly reduced PLSCR1 protein induction, while MAPK inhibition had no effect. De novo synthesized PLSCR1 localized predominantly to the plasma membrane. siRNA knockdown of STING and IRF3, kinase inhibitor (U0126), Western blotting, immunofluorescence PloS one Medium 25658875
2017 Nuclear PLSCR1 binds the IP3R1 promoter in primary AML cells, leading to IP3R1 upregulation, release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum, and AML cell differentiation; this PLSCR1/IP3R1/Ca2+ axis mediates wogonoside's anti-leukemic effects. ChIP, Ca2+ flux measurements, in vivo xenograft (NOD/SCID mice), Western blotting Cell death & disease Medium 28492556
2018 Nuclear translocation of PLSCR1 in primary AML cells is dependent on depalmitoylation mediated by acyl protein thioesterase 1 (APT-1); wogonoside induces APT-1-mediated depalmitoylation of PLSCR1, enabling its nuclear trafficking. Depalmitoylation assay, inhibitor studies, Western blotting, immunofluorescence Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Medium 29377576
2020 Phosphorylation of PLSCR1 at Tyr69/74 drives its nuclear translocation in basal-like breast cancer cells. Nuclear PLSCR1 is enriched at the STAT1 promoter and enhances STAT3 binding to the STAT1 promoter, leading to STAT1 transactivation, which promotes cancer stem cell properties and BLBC progression. Immunostaining, co-IP, ChIP, quantitative RT-PCR, siRNA knockdown, in vitro and in vivo tumorigenesis assays Theranostics Medium 32292520
2022 PLSCR1 restricts human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication by repressing transcription from viral major immediate early (MIE) and early promoters; PLSCR1 expression reduced levels of CREB•IE2 and CBP•IE2 complexes important for viral early promoter transactivation. PLSCR1-KO cells showed significantly increased HCMV plaque formation and MIE gene expression. PLSCR1-knockout cell lines, reporter gene assays (CRE- and MIE promoter-driven), co-immunoprecipitation, plaque assay Microbiology spectrum Medium 35138119
2022 ILDR1 was identified as a novel PLSCR1-binding partner by yeast two-hybrid screening; ILDR1 competes with influenza A virus NP protein for binding to PLSCR1, disrupting the antiviral PLSCR1-NP interaction. Plscr1-/- mice are more susceptible to H1N1 infection. The PLSCR1-ILDR1-NP regulatory pathway limits IAV infection. Yeast two-hybrid screening, co-immunoprecipitation, Plscr1-/- mouse infection model Scientific reports Medium 35595813
2023 PLSCR1 is a potent cell-autonomous restriction factor against SARS-CoV-2 identified by parallel genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens in human lung epithelia and hepatocytes. IFNγ-induced PLSCR1 interferes with both endocytic and TMPRSS2-dependent fusion entry routes. Whole-cell 4Pi nanoscopy and bipartite nano-reporter assays showed PLSCR1 targets SARS-CoV-2-containing vesicles to prevent spike-mediated fusion and viral escape. The C-terminal β-barrel domain—but not lipid scramblase enzymatic activity—is essential for this fusogenic blockade. Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens, 4Pi single-molecule switching nanoscopy, bipartite nano-reporter fusion assays, domain mutagenesis, multiple viral lineage testing, bat and mouse functional conservation studies Nature High 37438530
2024 Genome-wide arrayed CRISPR knockout screen confirmed PLSCR1 as an IFN-stimulated gene that restricts spike-mediated SARS-CoV-2 entry specifically via the endocytic route; TMPRSS2 overexpression alleviated PLSCR1-mediated restriction. PLSCR1 did not contribute to IFN signaling per se but restricted viral entry. Recent SARS-CoV-2 variants have adapted to circumvent PLSCR1 restriction. Genome-wide arrayed CRISPR knockout screen, TMPRSS2 overexpression epistasis, integrated analysis of 67 large-scale studies PLoS biology High 39316623
2021 KPNA2 (importin α2) interacts with endogenous PLSCR1 and mediates its nuclear accumulation in radioresistant lung adenocarcinoma cells; PLSCR1 knockdown suppressed KPNA2-induced radioresistance. A positive feedback loop between nuclear PLSCR1 and STAT1 modulates cancer stem cell characteristics and radioresistance. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, next-generation sequencing, functional radioresistance assays Cancer science Medium 34773335
2025 NEDD4-2 (NEDD4L) ubiquitin ligase directly interacts with and ubiquitinates PLSCR1, regulating its protein stability. NEDD4-2 deficiency in cells and mouse kidney increased PLSCR1 protein levels, enhanced phosphatidylserine exposure in response to calcium and apoptotic stimuli, and increased macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells. Affinity purification mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, NEDD4-2 KO cells and mouse kidney model, annexin V/flow cytometry, macrophage clearance assay Cell death discovery Medium 40835608
2025 PLSCR1 acts as a transcriptional activator of IFN-λR1 (IFNLR1) by directly binding to its promoter after IAV infection, and also interacts with IFN-λR1 protein on the cell surface of pulmonary epithelial cells to modulate IFN-λ signaling. Plscr1-/- mice show impaired Ifn-λr1 and downstream ISG expression upon IAV infection. The lipid scramblase enzymatic activity of PLSCR1 is dispensable for its anti-influenza activity. ChIP (promoter binding), co-immunoprecipitation (IFN-λR1 interaction), Plscr1-/- mouse model, Plscr1-overexpressing (Foxj1-Cre+) mice, transcriptomic analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing eLife High 41439508
2025 PLSCR1 restricts HIV-1 entry by blocking virion-cell and cell-cell membrane fusion mediated by the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env), without affecting CD4 or CXCR4 surface expression or virus binding to cells. This restriction is broad-spectrum (HIV-1 diverse tropisms/subtypes, HIV-2, SIV) and independent of type I IFN signaling. Multiple cell types (SupT1, purified CD4+ T cells), fusion assays, cell-to-cell transmission assays, receptor expression analysis, viral replication assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 41004226
2025 PLSCR1 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 entry by specifically downregulating plasma membrane expression of ACE2 (the viral receptor) without affecting total cellular ACE2 levels. PLSCR1 KO cells showed enhanced cellular entry of both pseudotyped and authentic SARS-CoV-2. 109 ISG-knockout cell lines screen, PLSCR1 KO and overexpression, pseudotyped and authentic virus entry assays, flow cytometry for surface ACE2 Journal of virology Medium 39945535
2026 PLSCR1 interacts with EGFR and promotes its phosphorylation and activation of the MAPK signaling pathway in chemoresistant TNBC cells, leading to upregulation of efflux pumps P-gp and MRP1. Concurrently, PLSCR1 mRNA is stabilized via METTL3-mediated m6A modification recognized by the m6A reader IGF2BP3. Co-immunoprecipitation (PLSCR1-EGFR), siRNA knockdown, Western blotting, in vitro and in vivo functional assays, m6A modification analysis Cell death & disease Medium 42140933
2025 FOXA1 transcriptionally represses PLSCR1 by binding to the PLSCR1 promoter in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells, as demonstrated by ChIP and dual-luciferase assays; PLSCR1 knockdown inhibited TSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while FOXA1 overexpression inhibited TSCC progression in a PLSCR1-dependent manner. ChIP, dual-luciferase reporter assay, siRNA knockdown, lentiviral overexpression, xenograft mouse model Cell biochemistry and biophysics Medium 40445264
2025 PLSCR1 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) of fibroblast-like synoviocytes by modulating STAT1 signaling; STAT1 activation rescued the effects of PLSCR1 knockdown, placing PLSCR1 upstream of STAT1 in this pathway. siRNA knockdown, STAT1 activator rescue (2-NP), EdU proliferation assay, flow cytometry (apoptosis), ELISA (cytokines) Immunity, inflammation and disease Low 41146421

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 33 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2004 Phospholipid flip-flop and phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) co-localize to uropod rafts in formylated Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated neutrophils. The Journal of biological chemistry 93 14766753
2013 Wogonoside induces cell cycle arrest and differentiation by affecting expression and subcellular localization of PLSCR1 in AML cells. Blood 87 23487022
2003 Spatial resolution of phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1), caspase-3 activation and DNA-fragmentation in the human hippocampus after cerebral ischemia. Neurochemistry international 58 12605885
2006 Antileukemic roles of human phospholipid scramblase 1 gene, evidence from inducible PLSCR1-expressing leukemic cells. Oncogene 49 16702944
2023 PLSCR1 is a cell-autonomous defence factor against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nature 45 37438530
2020 Nuclear translocation of PLSCR1 activates STAT1 signaling in basal-like breast cancer. Theranostics 37 32292520
2005 The phospholipid scramblase PLSCR1 increases UV induced apoptosis primarily through the augmentation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and independent of direct phosphorylation by protein kinase C delta. Biochimica et biophysica acta 22 15863367
1998 Identity of human normal counterpart (MmTRA1b) of mouse leukemogenesis-associated gene (MmTRA1a) product as plasma membrane phospholipid scramblase and chromosome mapping of the human MmTRA1b/phospholipid scramblase gene. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 22 9712717
2017 PLSCR1/IP3R1/Ca2+ axis contributes to differentiation of primary AML cells induced by wogonoside. Cell death & disease 19 28492556
2015 Induction of PLSCR1 in a STING/IRF3-dependent manner upon vector transfection in ovarian epithelial cells. PloS one 19 25658875
2010 Pregnancy and interferon tau regulate DDX58 and PLSCR1 in the ovine uterus during the peri-implantation period. Reproduction (Cambridge, England) 19 20926691
2022 The Interferon-Inducible Human PLSCR1 Protein Is a Restriction Factor of Human Cytomegalovirus. Microbiology spectrum 16 35138119
2011 Identification of PLSCR1 as a protein that interacts with RELT family members. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 16 22052202
2021 Nuclear accumulation of KPNA2 impacts radioresistance through positive regulation of the PLSCR1-STAT1 loop in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer science 13 34773335
2024 A genome-wide arrayed CRISPR screen identifies PLSCR1 as an intrinsic barrier to SARS-CoV-2 entry that recent virus variants have evolved to resist. PLoS biology 12 39316623
2022 ILDR1 promotes influenza A virus replication through binding to PLSCR1. Scientific reports 10 35595813
2018 Wogonoside induces depalmitoylation and translocation of PLSCR1 and N-RAS in primary acute myeloid leukaemia cells. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 10 29377576
2014 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) in villous trophoblast of the human placenta. Histochemistry and cell biology 7 25362260
2025 Phospholipid Scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) Regulates Interferon-Lambda Receptor 1 (IFN-λR1) and IFN-λ Signaling in Influenza A Virus (IAV) Infection. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2 39605457
2025 PLSCR1 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 infection by downregulating cell surface ACE2. Journal of virology 2 39945535
2025 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is a novel substrate of NEDD4-2 (NEDD4L) mediated ubiquitination. Cell death discovery 2 40835608
2021 The ratio of ATP11C/PLSCR1 mRNA transcripts has clinical significance in sickle cell anemia. Annals of hematology 2 34651249
2016 [Effect of PLSCR1 on the Antiviral Activity of IFN against HBV in HepG2 Cells]. Bing du xue bao = Chinese journal of virology 2 30004207
2015 [Significance of PLSCR1 in Matrine Induced Differentiation of ATRA Resistant APL Cells]. Zhongguo Zhong xi yi jie he za zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi jiehe zazhi = Chinese journal of integrated traditional and Western medicine 2 26775483
2025 IFN-inducible human phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) protein restricts HIV-1 infection by inhibiting membrane fusion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1 41004226
2025 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) regulates interferon-lambda receptor 1 (IFN-λR1) and IFN-λ signaling in influenza A virus (IAV) infection. eLife 1 41439508
2024 Transcriptome analysis unveils PLSCR1 associated with microglial polarization in neuropathic pain. Gene 1 39312982
2026 Annurca apple polyphenols prevent mercury-induced phosphatidylserine externalization in human erythrocytes via calcium-dependent PLSCR1 regulation. Frontiers in nutrition 0 41809104
2026 PLSCR1 drives chemoresistance in TNBC via METTL3/IGF2BP3-mediated mRNA stabilization and EGFR-MAPK pathway activation. Cell death & disease 0 42140933
2025 FOXA1 Transcriptional Repression of PLSCR1 Inhibits Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression. Cell biochemistry and biophysics 0 40445264
2025 IFN-inducible Human Phospholipid Scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) Protein Restricts HIV-1 Infection by Inhibiting Membrane Fusion. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 0 41031002
2025 PLSCR1 Regulates the Physiology of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes via Modulating the STAT1 Signaling Pathway. Immunity, inflammation and disease 0 41146421
2023 Fortifying immunity: PLSCR1 picks battle against SARS-CoV-2. Cell host & microbe 0 37708846

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