Affinage

PEMT

Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase · UniProt Q9UBM1

Length
199 aa
Mass
22.1 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
47 papers in source corpus 22 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 5/6 claims corpus-supported (83%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

PEMT is a liver-enriched enzyme that constitutes the sole de novo choline-synthesizing pathway, catalyzing the conversion of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine and thereby maintaining hepatic phospholipid homeostasis; its loss causes hepatic steatosis, reduced phosphatidylcholine, and elevated apoptosis that is rapidly reversible by dietary choline (PMID:12466019, PMID:11773510). A loss-of-function V175M variant diminishes catalytic activity, linking sequence variation to reduced PC biosynthesis (PMID:16051693). PEMT expression is hormonally controlled through an estrogen response element bound cooperatively by the estrogen receptor and the pioneer factor FOXA1, and a risk SNP near this element abrogates both factor binding and hormone-inducible expression (PMID:21059658); expression is further silenced epigenetically through promoter DNA methylation coupled to loss of H3K9ac and gain of H3K9me3 (PMID:24675476). Hepatic PEMT, rather than extrahepatic PEMT, is the critical site governing PC:PE ratio, susceptibility to diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and NAFLD (PMID:31284753), and PEMT-derived choline supplies substrate for gut microbiota-dependent TMAO production that promotes atherosclerosis (PMID:30281112). Beyond bulk PC synthesis, PEMT generates DHA- and oleate-enriched PC species that support fetal brain development and circulating DHA delivery (PMID:19889625, PMID:29167412), and it couples to one-carbon metabolism by physically interacting with SHMT1 to sustain SAM-dependent histone methylation, with disruption depleting SAM and altering gene expression (PMID:41262011). PEMT also exerts a tumor-suppressive function in hepatoma, where re-expression inhibits anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenicity and triggers intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis with downregulation of PI3K/Akt survival signaling (PMID:10760824, PMID:11960751, PMID:19517528), and it acts non-cell-autonomously to control UCP1 splicing in brown adipose tissue during development (PMID:31918922).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 18 steps
  1. 2002 Medium

    Established that PEMT's essential hepatic role is to supply choline/phosphatidylcholine required for hepatocyte survival, resolving whether dietary choline could substitute for endogenous synthesis.

    Evidence Pemt-/- mouse dietary rescue with choline supplementation, plasma aminotransferase and hepatic PC/TAG readouts

    PMID:11773510

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not define the molecular trigger linking PC deficiency to hepatocyte death
    • Single lab
  2. 2003 High

    Defined PEMT as the sole de novo choline-synthesizing enzyme in liver and showed its loss is not fully compensable by dietary choline, anchoring its role in phospholipid homeostasis.

    Evidence Pemt-/- knockout mice across dietary choline levels; histology, TUNEL, metabolite quantification

    PMID:12466019

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not address tissue-specific contributions of hepatic vs extrahepatic PEMT
    • Does not establish the apoptotic pathway
  3. 2005 Medium

    Connected a human coding variant (V175M) to reduced enzyme activity, providing a genetic basis for impaired PC biosynthesis.

    Evidence Transient transfection of wild-type vs V175M PEMT in hepatoma cells with activity assay

    PMID:16051693

    Open questions at the time
    • No in vivo phenotype tied to the variant
    • Single method, single lab
  4. 2005 Medium

    Positioned PEMT activity downstream of hepatic PC demand and upstream of steatohepatitis pathogenesis.

    Evidence Mdr2+/- mice on methionine-choline-deficient diet; PEMT activity, SAM:SAH, ALT, histology

    PMID:16376450

    Open questions at the time
    • Correlative pathway position rather than direct causal manipulation of PEMT
    • Single lab
  5. 2000 Medium

    Revealed a tumor-suppressive function for PEMT through transcriptional loss in carcinogenesis and growth suppression on re-expression.

    Evidence Aflatoxin B1 rat carcinogenesis model; PEMT2 re-expression with soft-agar and xenograft assays

    PMID:10760824

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not define the downstream effector of tumor suppression
    • Single lab
  6. 2009 Medium

    Mechanistically linked PEMT2-driven phospholipid changes to intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis, building on the earlier PI3K/Akt downregulation finding.

    Evidence PEMT2 stable transfection; lipid tracing, mitochondrial fractionation, cytochrome C release, caspase-9/-3 activation; membrane fluidity

    PMID:11960751 PMID:19517528

    Open questions at the time
    • Causal chain from oleate-enriched PC to caspase activation not fully resolved
    • Single lab cell-line context
  7. 2010 High

    Identified the transcriptional control of PEMT by estrogen via an ERα/FOXA1-bound response element, explaining hormone- and SNP-dependent variation in PEMT expression.

    Evidence Transcript-specific expression analysis, SNP analysis, ChIP-chip for ER and FOXA1 binding

    PMID:21059658

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not address non-estrogen transcriptional inputs
    • Functional consequence of the SNP in human liver not quantified here
  8. 2014 Medium

    Showed epigenetic silencing of PEMT via cooperating DNA methylation and histone marks, providing a non-genetic route to PEMT loss in cancer.

    Evidence Bisulfite sequencing and ChIP for H3K9ac/H3K9me3 in BRCA1-mutated breast cancer specimens

    PMID:24675476

    Open questions at the time
    • Correlative in patient tissue without manipulation of the marks
    • Single lab
  9. 2014 Medium

    Demonstrated that PEMT activity promotes ER stress-induced apoptosis in diabetic kidney disease, extending its pro-apoptotic role to a non-hepatic tissue.

    Evidence STZ-diabetic Pemt-/- mice and shRNA knockdown in renal tubular cells; GRP78, p-Akt, caspase readouts

    PMID:24667182

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism connecting PEMT-derived PC to ER stress not defined
    • Single lab
  10. 2009 Medium

    Established that PEMT supports fetal hippocampal development through incorporation of DHA into membrane phospholipids and modulation of SAM-dependent methylation.

    Evidence Pemt-/- mice with dietary DHA rescue; phospholipid-DHA, proliferation, TUNEL, calretinin readouts; earlier SAM/methylation analysis

    PMID:15063092 PMID:19889625

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contributions of DHA delivery vs methylation substrate not separated
    • Single lab
  11. 2017 Medium

    Identified PEMT as the mechanism for the pregnancy-associated rise in circulating DHA-enriched PC.

    Evidence Rat pregnancy time-course; PEMT activity and protein, lipidomics for DHA-PC species

    PMID:29167412

    Open questions at the time
    • Upstream signal driving gestational PEMT induction unknown
    • Single lab
  12. 2018 Medium

    Defined hepatic PEMT-derived choline as the substrate source for gut microbiota-dependent TMAO production and a mechanistic link to atherosclerosis.

    Evidence AAV hepatic PEMT restoration in Pemt-/-/Ldlr-/- mice; plasma lipids, TMAO, aortic lesion quantification

    PMID:30281112

    Open questions at the time
    • Microbial steps converting choline to TMAO not characterized here
    • Single lab
  13. 2019 High

    Resolved that hepatic, not extrahepatic, PEMT is the critical determinant of PC:PE ratio, NAFLD, and metabolic protection through orthogonal gain- and loss-of-function.

    Evidence AAV hepatic restoration and ASO knockdown in Pemt-/- and ob/ob mice with metabolic and lipid readouts

    PMID:31284753

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not define the molecular sensor of PC:PE imbalance
    • Tissue communication mechanisms not addressed
  14. 2019 High

    Uncovered a non-cell-autonomous role for PEMT in controlling perinatal UCP1 splicing in brown adipose tissue.

    Evidence Multiple tissue-specific conditional Pemt knockouts; UCP1 protein and splice-variant mRNA, cold tolerance

    PMID:31918922

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the intercellular signal from non-adipocytes to BAT unknown
    • Splicing regulator linking PEMT to UCP1 unidentified
  15. 2015 Medium

    Linked PEMT-dependent hepatic phospholipid balance to gluconeogenesis and systemic thermoregulation.

    Evidence HF-diet Pemt-/- mice with cold exposure and choline rescue; plasma glucose, gluconeogenic protein expression

    PMID:26113536

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular coupling of PC balance to gluconeogenic gene expression unresolved
    • Single lab
  16. 2023 Medium

    Showed that HCV co-opts PEMT-mediated non-canonical PC synthesis to drive ER PC accumulation, lipogenesis, and viral replication.

    Evidence HCV cell culture, lipidomics, siRNA PEMT knockdown, lipogenic gene profiling, patient biopsy analysis

    PMID:37240132

    Open questions at the time
    • How HCV induces PEMT transcription not defined
    • Single lab
  17. 2025 Medium

    Established a physical interaction between PEMT and SHMT1 that couples phospholipid synthesis to one-carbon/SAM availability and histone methylation in astrocytes.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of PEMT and SHMT1, 13C-serine labeling, ChIP for H3K4me1, astrocyte Shmt1 KO in a PD model

    PMID:41262011

    Open questions at the time
    • Single Co-IP without reciprocal structural mapping of the interaction
    • Direction of metabolic coupling between the two enzymes not fully resolved
  18. 2025 Medium

    Connected aging-driven PEMT overexpression to hepatic PC/PE imbalance and steatosis, indicating excess PEMT activity is also pathogenic.

    Evidence Natural aging mouse lipidomics, PEMT Western blot, siRNA inhibition in senescent AML12 hepatocytes

    PMID:41311052

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism driving age-associated PEMT induction unknown
    • Single lab

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The identity of the intercellular signal by which non-adipocyte PEMT controls UCP1 splicing, and the structural/regulatory basis of the PEMT-SHMT1 metabolic coupling, remain undefined.
  • No identified mediator of PEMT's non-cell-autonomous effect on BAT
  • No structural model of the PEMT-SHMT1 complex
  • Molecular sensor of PC:PE imbalance unresolved

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0016740 transferase activity 4 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 1
Localization
GO:0005739 mitochondrion 1 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 4 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 4 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 2 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 2
Partners
ESR1FOXA1SHMT1

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2005 The V175M substitution in human PEMT (exon 8 SNP) is a loss-of-function mutation, as demonstrated by transient transfection of McArdle-RH7777 cells with wild-type versus V175M mutant PEMT constructs, showing diminished enzymatic activity. Transient transfection of hepatoma cells with wild-type vs. V175M mutant PEMT constructs; enzymatic activity assay FASEB journal Medium 16051693
2003 PEMT (encoded by Pemt-2) is the sole de novo choline-synthesizing enzyme in the liver; Pemt-/- mice fed any level of dietary choline develop hepatic steatosis, elevated apoptosis (TUNEL-positive cells), and reduced phosphatidylcholine concentrations, demonstrating that PEMT activity is required for normal hepatic phospholipid homeostasis and is not fully compensable by dietary choline. Pemt-/- knockout mouse model with dietary choline manipulation; liver histology, TUNEL assay, choline metabolite quantification The Biochemical journal High 12466019
2010 Estrogen regulates PEMT in an isoform-specific fashion; chromatin immunoprecipitation identified estrogen receptor binding regions in the PEMT locus, and the risk SNP rs12325817 (located within 1 kb of the critical estrogen response element) abrogates binding of both the estrogen receptor and the pioneer factor FOXA1, preventing hormone-inducible PEMT expression. Transcript-specific gene expression analysis, locus-wide SNP analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation with locus-wide microarray (ChIP-chip) The Journal of biological chemistry High 21059658
2002 Liver damage caused by PEMT deficiency combined with choline-deficient diet is rapidly reversible upon choline supplementation, demonstrating that PEMT's essential role is to supply choline/phosphatidylcholine for hepatocyte survival. Pemt-/- mouse dietary rescue experiment; plasma aminotransferase assays, hepatic PC and triacylglycerol measurement The Journal of nutrition Medium 11773510
2019 Protection against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in Pemt-/- mice is specifically dependent on hepatic PEMT activity (not extrahepatically expressed PEMT); restoration of hepatic PEMT via adeno-associated virus in Pemt-/- mice reversed protection against obesity and insulin resistance, while AAV-mediated restoration also worsened the PC:PE ratio and NAFLD, demonstrating that hepatic PEMT is the critical site of action. Adeno-associated virus-mediated hepatic PEMT restoration in Pemt-/- mice; antisense oligonucleotide knockdown of hepatic PEMT in wild-type and ob/ob mice; measurement of weight gain, insulin sensitivity, liver function, and hepatic PC:PE ratio FASEB journal High 31284753
2000 PEMT2 protein and mRNA are lost in pre-neoplastic nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma induced by aflatoxin B1 without gene deletion or mutation, indicating transcriptional downregulation. Re-expression of PEMT2 in McArdle hepatoma cells inhibited anchorage-independent colony formation and reduced tumorigenicity in athymic mice, demonstrating a tumor-suppressive function. Western blot, RT-PCR, Southern blot in rat liver carcinogenesis model; transfection of PEMT2 into McArdle hepatoma cells; soft-agar colony assay; xenograft tumorigenicity assay in athymic mice International journal of cancer Medium 10760824
2002 Overexpression of PEMT2 in rat hepatoma CBRH-7919 cells downregulates multiple components of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (c-Met, PDGF receptor, PI3K, Akt, Bcl-2) and induces apoptosis, linking PEMT2-mediated phospholipid changes to suppression of a major cell-survival pathway. Stable transfection of PEMT2 cDNA into hepatoma cells; Western blotting for PI3K/Akt pathway proteins; flow cytometry and DNA ladder apoptosis assays; pharmacological inhibitors (wortmannin, PD98059) Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 11960751
2009 PEMT2-overexpressing hepatoma cells produce phosphatidylcholine enriched in oleic acid that localizes mainly to mitochondria; PEMT2 overexpression increases mitochondrial membrane fluidity, triggers cytochrome C release, and activates caspase-9 and caspase-3, establishing a mitochondrial (intrinsic) apoptotic pathway downstream of PEMT2 activity. Stable PEMT2 transfection in CBRH-7919 cells; lipid extraction with HPTLC and GC; [3H]-ethanolamine tracing; Western blot for cytochrome C and caspase activation; membrane fluidity measurement IUBMB life Medium 19517528
2004 Deletion of Pemt results in increased S-adenosylmethionine levels and elevated DNA and protein methylation in fetal hippocampus, accompanied by increased neural progenitor cell mitosis and decreased GABAergic neuronal differentiation (calretinin expression), placing PEMT in a pathway regulating hippocampal development through methylation substrate availability. Pemt-/- knockout mouse; phosphorylated histone H3 immunostaining (mitosis marker); calretinin immunostaining; SAM quantification; DNA and protein methylation assays in embryonic day 17 hippocampus Brain research. Developmental brain research Medium 15063092
2009 Pemt-/- fetal brains have 25-50% less phospholipid-DHA compared to wild-type; dietary DHA supplementation to pregnant Pemt-/- dams restores fetal brain phospholipid-DHA to wild-type levels and abrogates abnormal neural progenitor proliferation and apoptosis, demonstrating that PEMT's role in fetal hippocampal development is mediated through DHA incorporation into membrane phospholipids. Pemt-/- knockout mouse with dietary DHA supplementation; phospholipid-DHA quantification; BrdU/Ki67 proliferation assay; TUNEL apoptosis assay; calretinin immunostaining in E17 hippocampus The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 19889625
2014 PEMT promoter methylation at the -132 site in BRCA1-mutated breast cancer leads to loss of active histone mark H3K9ac and gain of repressive mark H3K9me3, synergistically inhibiting PEMT transcription; this identifies DNA methylation and histone modification as cooperating epigenetic regulators of PEMT expression. Bisulfite sequencing; chromatin immunoprecipitation for H3K9ac and H3K9me3; transcript-specific expression analysis in breast cancer specimens Oncotarget Medium 24675476
2014 PEMT deficiency in mice ameliorates ER stress in diabetic nephropathy; in renal proximal tubular cells, shRNA-mediated Pemt knockdown reduced GRP78 expression (ER stress marker), increased Akt phosphorylation, and decreased cleavage of caspase-3 and caspase-7, demonstrating that PEMT activity promotes ER stress-induced apoptosis in diabetic kidney disease. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Pemt-/- mice; shRNA lentivirus knockdown in mProx24 cells; ER stress induction with tunicamycin/thapsigargin; Western blot for GRP78, p-Akt, caspase-3/-7; histology for glomerular hypertrophy, fibrosis, macrophage infiltration PloS one Medium 24667182
2005 Mdr2+/- mice (which secrete 40% less phosphatidylcholine) show significantly lower PEMT activity and higher SAM:SAH ratios compared to Mdr2+/+ mice on a methionine- and choline-deficient diet, and are protected from diet-induced steatohepatitis, placing PEMT activity downstream of hepatic phosphatidylcholine demand and upstream of NASH pathogenesis. Mdr2+/- mice fed methionine-choline-deficient diet; PEMT activity assay; SAM/SAH quantification; serum ALT; liver histology Journal of hepatology Medium 16376450
2017 Hepatic PEMT protein levels and activity are increased at gestational day 15 and 20 in pregnant rats, coinciding with increased plasma 16:0/DHA-phosphatidylcholine, identifying PEMT as the mechanism for the pregnancy-associated rise in circulating DHA-enriched PC. Rat pregnancy time-course study; PEMT activity assay; Western blot for PEMT protein; fatty acid profiling by GC; lipidomics for DHA-PC species Journal of lipid research Medium 29167412
2019 Global Pemt-/- mice completely lack UCP1 protein in brown adipose tissue (BAT) without changes in UCP1 mRNA, due to an untranslated UCP1 splice variant induced perinatally; this effect is non-cell-autonomous — BAT-specific, adipose-specific, liver-specific, and muscle-specific PEMT knockouts all maintain normal UCP1 protein levels — demonstrating that PEMT in non-adipocyte cells communicates to BAT to regulate UCP1 splicing during embryonic development. Multiple conditional PEMT knockout mouse models (BAT-specific, adipose-specific, liver-specific, muscle-specific); Western blot for UCP1 protein; RT-PCR for UCP1 mRNA and splice variants; cold tolerance testing Molecular metabolism High 31918922
2015 High-fat diet-fed Pemt-/- mice develop hypothermia on cold exposure due to plasma hypoglycemia caused by compromised hepatic gluconeogenesis; choline supplementation normalizes plasma glucose, gluconeogenic protein expression, and cold tolerance, establishing a mechanistic link between PEMT activity, hepatic phospholipid balance, and gluconeogenesis. HF diet-fed Pemt-/- mice; acute cold exposure (4°C); plasma glucose and catecholamine measurement; lipolysis assay; Western blot for gluconeogenic proteins; choline supplementation rescue Journal of lipid research Medium 26113536
2018 Hepatic PEMT expression (restored via AAV in Pemt-/-/Ldlr-/- mice) increases plasma cholesterol and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and reverses protection against atherosclerosis, demonstrating that hepatic PEMT-derived choline is the source of substrate for gut microbiota-dependent TMAO production and that PEMT is a mechanistic link between de novo choline synthesis and atherosclerosis risk. AAV-mediated hepatic PEMT restoration in Pemt-/-/Ldlr-/- mice; plasma lipid and TMAO quantification; aortic lesion quantification; choline supplementation comparison The Journal of nutrition Medium 30281112
2006 PEMT2 overexpression in rat hepatoma cells inhibits phosphorylation and membrane translocation of PLCγ1 and reduces autophosphorylation of c-Met, indicating that PEMT2-induced changes in membrane phospholipid composition downregulate the c-Met/PLCγ1 signaling pathway. PEMT2 stable transfection in CBRH-7919 cells; Western blot for PLCγ1 phosphorylation and subcellular fractionation; Western blot for phospho-c-Met Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi Low 16867273
2005 PEMT2 overexpression in CBRH-7919 hepatoma cells inhibits cPKCα expression while increasing cPKCβ2 expression and its translocation from cytosol to plasma membrane, and decreases diacylglycerol (DAG) content, linking PEMT2-mediated phospholipid metabolism to differential regulation of PKC isoforms. PEMT2 stable transfection; immunocytochemistry and Western blot for PKC isoforms; HPTLC for DAG quantification Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi Low 16174458
2023 HCV infection induces PEMT expression and uses the PEMT-mediated non-canonical phosphatidylcholine synthesis pathway to increase phosphatidylcholine in the endoplasmic reticulum; siRNA knockdown of PEMT inhibits HCV replication and reverses virus-induced lipogenic gene expression changes (SREBP1c, DGAT1 upregulation; MTP downregulation), establishing PEMT as necessary for HCV-induced steatosis and virus replication. HCV cell culture model; quantitative lipidomics (HPTLC/MS); siRNA knockdown of PEMT; Western blot for PEMT and lipogenic genes; qRT-PCR; analysis of liver biopsies from HCV genotype 1 vs. 3 patients International journal of molecular sciences Medium 37240132
2025 PEMT physically interacts with SHMT1 in astrocytes; disruption of this interaction depletes SAM, causing H3K4me1 hypomethylation and reduced expression of Slc1a2 and Glul, ultimately exacerbating neuroexcitotoxicity and dopaminergic neuronal loss in a Parkinson's disease model. Astrocyte-specific conditional Shmt1 knockout; 13C-serine isotopic labeling; co-immunoprecipitation of SHMT1 and PEMT; ChIP for H3K4me1; gene expression analysis; PD mouse model behavioral and histological assessment Advanced science Medium 41262011
2025 Aging-driven PEMT overexpression (~2.4-fold at protein level in 24-month vs. 6-month mice) promotes hepatic phospholipid imbalance (increased PC/PE ratio ~2.5-fold); PEMT inhibition in D-galactose-induced senescent AML12 hepatocytes reduces lipid droplet accumulation by ~30% and intracellular triglycerides by ~20% under lipid stress, mechanistically linking elevated PEMT activity to age-associated hepatic steatosis. Natural aging mouse model (2-24 months); lipidomics; Western blot for PEMT protein; siRNA PEMT inhibition in senescent AML12 hepatocytes; lipid droplet quantification; intracellular TG measurement The FEBS journal Medium 41311052

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 47 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 Polymorphism of the PEMT gene and susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 199 16051693
2003 Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) knockout mice have hepatic steatosis and abnormal hepatic choline metabolite concentrations despite ingesting a recommended dietary intake of choline. The Biochemical journal 111 12466019
2010 Aberrant estrogen regulation of PEMT results in choline deficiency-associated liver dysfunction. The Journal of biological chemistry 83 21059658
2002 Choline deficiency-induced liver damage is reversible in Pemt(-/-) mice. The Journal of nutrition 68 11773510
2019 Hepatic PEMT activity mediates liver health, weight gain, and insulin resistance. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 53 31284753
2015 Choline intakes exceeding recommendations during human lactation improve breast milk choline content by increasing PEMT pathway metabolites. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 45 26025328
2013 Choline supplementation protects against liver damage by normalizing cholesterol metabolism in Pemt/Ldlr knockout mice fed a high-fat diet. The Journal of nutrition 44 24368431
2011 Evidence for partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) and recruitment of motile blastoderm edge cells during avian epiboly. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 43 21412939
2009 Dietary docosahexaenoic acid supplementation modulates hippocampal development in the Pemt-/- mouse. The Journal of biological chemistry 36 19889625
2004 Deletion of the Pemt gene increases progenitor cell mitosis, DNA and protein methylation and decreases calretinin expression in embryonic day 17 mouse hippocampus. Brain research. Developmental brain research 33 15063092
2020 Choline in cystic fibrosis: relations to pancreas insufficiency, enterohepatic cycle, PEMT and intestinal microbiota. European journal of nutrition 28 32797252
2022 Hepatic PEMT Expression Decreases with Increasing NAFLD Severity. International journal of molecular sciences 26 36012560
2014 Maternal choline supplementation programs greater activity of the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) pathway in adult Ts65Dn trisomic mice. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 25 24963152
2017 PEMT, Δ6 desaturase, and palmitoyldocosahexaenoyl phosphatidylcholine are increased in rats during pregnancy. Journal of lipid research 24 29167412
2014 Epigenetic repression of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) in BRCA1-mutated breast cancer. Oncotarget 22 24675476
2014 Pemt deficiency ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic nephropathy. PloS one 21 24667182
2013 Higher homocysteine and lower betaine increase the risk of microangiopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus carrying the GG genotype of PEMT G774C. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews 20 23794489
2005 Mice heterozygous for the Mdr2 gene demonstrate decreased PEMT activity and diminished steatohepatitis on the MCD diet. Journal of hepatology 17 16376450
2000 Inactivation of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase-2 in aflatoxin-induced liver cancer and partial reversion of the neoplastic phenotype by PEMT transfection of hepatoma cells. International journal of cancer 16 10760824
2019 Alternative splicing of UCP1 by non-cell-autonomous action of PEMT. Molecular metabolism 15 31918922
2002 Overexpression of PEMT2 downregulates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in rat hepatoma cells. Biochimica et biophysica acta 14 11960751
2017 Gene-by-environment interactions of the CLOCK, PEMT, and GHRELIN loci with average sleep duration in relation to obesity traits using a cohort of 643 New Zealand European children. Sleep medicine 13 28899534
2015 Insufficient glucose supply is linked to hypothermia upon cold exposure in high-fat diet-fed mice lacking PEMT. Journal of lipid research 13 26113536
2007 A study of the PEMT gene in schizophrenia. Neuroscience letters 13 17720317
2022 Comprehensive Integrated Single-Cell Whole Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the p-EMT Tumor Cells-CAFs Communication in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. International journal of molecular sciences 11 35742914
2021 Dietary Choline Intake during Pregnancy and PEMT rs7946 Polymorphism on Risk of Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study. Annals of nutrition & metabolism 10 33503637
2019 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in PEMT and MTHFR Genes are Associated with Omega 3 and 6 Fatty Acid Levels in the Red Blood Cells of Children with Obesity. Nutrients 8 31671528
2018 Hepatic Expression of PEMT, but Not Dietary Choline Supplementation, Reverses the Protection against Atherosclerosis in Pemt-/-/Ldlr-/- Mice. The Journal of nutrition 8 30281112
2023 PEMT Mediates Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Steatosis, Explains Genotype-Specific Phenotypes and Supports Virus Replication. International journal of molecular sciences 7 37240132
2023 The Role of Phosphatidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase (PEMT) and Its Waist-Hip-Ratio-Associated Locus rs4646404 in Obesity-Related Metabolic Traits and Liver Disease. International journal of molecular sciences 7 38069170
2022 SNAI2 promotes the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia by modulating p-EMT. Oral diseases 7 35894087
2024 The simultaneous miR-155-5p overexpression and miR-223-3p inhibition can activate pEMT in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB 4 39442128
2024 Betaine and B12 Intake, Glutathione Concentration, and MTHFR, PEMT, and MTHFD1 Genotypes Are Associated with Diabetes-Related Parameters in Polish Adults. The Journal of nutrition 4 39442756
2023 PEMT: a patent enrichment tool for drug discovery. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 4 36322820
2024 The Mediating Effect of the Choline-to-Betaine Ratio on the Association Between PEMT rs7946 and Digestive System Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study in a Chinese Population. Current developments in nutrition 3 38351975
2009 Over-expression of pemt2 into rat hepatoma cells contributes to the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. IUBMB life 3 19517528
2022 PEMT variants are associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Chile. Epigenomics 2 36154674
2018 Importance of polymorphic variants of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) gene in the etiology of intrauterine fetal death in the Polish population. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology 2 30321787
2025 PEMT-mediated phospholipid imbalance promotes age-associated metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease progression. The FEBS journal 1 41311052
2009 No association of the rs4646396 SNP in the PEMT locus with schizophrenia in a Chinese case-control sample. Psychiatry research 1 19647326
2026 Celastrol increases anoikis sensitivity to suppress triple-negative breast cancer via EGFR pathway and p-EMT state regulation. Frontiers in pharmacology 0 41847133
2025 Alternative Pathway for Methyl Supply through the Coupling of SHMT1 and PEMT to Maintain Astrocytic Homeostasis in Parkinson's Disease. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 0 41262011
2024 Association between PEMT rs7946 and blood pressure levels in Chinese adolescents. Blood pressure monitoring 0 38502043
2006 [Transfection of pemt-2-cDNA inhibits the expression of cell cycle related proteins in rat CBRH-7919 hepatoma cells]. Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology 0 16732909
2006 Inactivation of PEMT2 in hepatocytes initiated by DENA in fasted/refed rats. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 0 16756957
2006 [Overexpression of PEMT2 inhibits the phosphorylation and translocation of PLC gamma 1]. Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology 0 16867273
2005 [Effects of overexpression of PEMT2 on expression and translocation of different PKC isoforms in rat hepatoma cells]. Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology 0 16174458

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