Affinage

PDGFB

Platelet-derived growth factor subunit B · UniProt P01127

Round 2 corrected
Length
241 aa
Mass
27.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-29
130 papers in source corpus 54 papers cited in narrative 54 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

PDGFB encodes the B-chain of platelet-derived growth factor, a disulfide-bonded dimeric mitogen that signals through PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase dimerization and autophosphorylation to activate Ras/MAPK, PI3K/Akt/NF-κB, and PLCγ pathways controlling cell proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation (PMID:6091918, PMID:10485711, PMID:9739761). Synthesized as a precursor processed in the ER–Golgi, PDGF-B is secreted and retained in the extracellular matrix via a C-terminal heparin-binding motif that is essential for proper pericyte recruitment to blood vessels; endothelial PDGF-B drives pericyte investment and blood–brain barrier formation during development, while in adults microglia become the primary CNS source maintaining BBB integrity (PMID:14561699, PMID:23913003, PMID:37992789). Loss-of-function PDGFB mutations cause autosomal dominant primary familial brain calcification through pericyte deficiency and BBB dysfunction, and the COL1A1–PDGFB gene fusion constitutively activates PDGF-B signaling in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (PMID:23913003, PMID:8988177, PMID:11420709). Beyond its canonical vascular roles, macrophage-derived PDGF-B drives smooth muscle cell expansion in pulmonary hypertension, platelet-derived PDGF-B maintains tumor vascular integrity and limits metastasis, and microglial PDGF-B regulates neuronal excitability and sympathetic tone via PDGFR-α signaling (PMID:33591958, PMID:32586981, PMID:35863346).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 14 steps
  1. 1983 High

    The question of what gene product the v-sis oncogene encodes was resolved when PDGF B-chain amino acid sequencing revealed near-complete identity with the predicted v-sis protein, establishing that a growth factor could function as an oncogene.

    Evidence Direct amino acid sequencing of purified PDGF compared with predicted v-sis sequence

    PMID:6306471

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of transformation not yet addressed
    • Whether PDGF-B acts through autocrine or paracrine loop unknown
  2. 1984 High

    The autocrine transformation mechanism was established: SSV-transformed cells secrete PDGF-like protein that activates PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase, and the normal human c-sis coding sequence itself is sufficient to transform fibroblasts, demonstrating that overexpression of a normal growth factor drives oncogenesis.

    Evidence Anti-PDGF antisera blockade of transformed cell growth; receptor purification with kinase assay; LTR-driven c-sis transfection transforming foci assay; v-sis receptor competition binding

    PMID:6088510 PMID:6091918 PMID:6091919

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether transformation requires secretion or can occur intracellularly unknown
    • Downstream signaling pathways not mapped
  3. 1986 High

    The biosynthetic pathway was mapped: PDGF-B is co-translationally processed in the ER–Golgi with signal sequence cleavage and N-linked glycosylation, and signal sequence integrity is required for biological activity, while the proposed proteolytic processing site is dispensable.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis of signal sequence and processing site; microsome trypsin protection; glycosylation analysis

    PMID:3537701

    Open questions at the time
    • Role of C-terminal processing not addressed
    • Extracellular retention mechanism unknown
  4. 1987 High

    The structural basis of PDGF-B activity was clarified: all eight conserved cysteines participate in dimerization, but only the four intramolecular disulfide bonds are required for receptor activation, separating dimerization from function.

    Evidence Systematic site-directed mutagenesis of all eight cysteines with functional and dimerization assays

    PMID:3035718

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific receptor-binding residues not yet identified
    • No crystal structure available
  5. 1989 High

    Intracellular autocrine signaling was demonstrated: an ER/Golgi-retained v-sis mutant transforms cells as efficiently as wild-type without secretion, but suramin experiments showed that activated receptors must reach the cell surface to couple with mitogenic signaling, resolving the spatial requirements for transformation.

    Evidence ER/Golgi-retention mutant transformation assay; suramin blockade dissecting surface vs. intracellular receptor phosphorylation

    PMID:2551043 PMID:2813378

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of intracellular compartment where receptor activation occurs not defined
    • Downstream transcription factor targets only beginning to be identified
  6. 1991 High

    Key receptor-binding residues were identified: Arg27 and Ile30 are specifically required for PDGF receptor binding and mitogenic activity without disrupting overall protein fold, providing the first structure–function map of the ligand–receptor interface.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis with 125I-PDGF displacement, mitogenic assay, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy

    PMID:1661670

    Open questions at the time
    • Full receptor–ligand co-crystal structure not solved
    • Whether same residues mediate PDGFR-α vs. PDGFR-β binding unknown
  7. 1998 High

    Downstream signaling cascades were elucidated: PDGF receptor dimerization recruits PI3K (via p85 SH2 domains), PLCγ, Src kinases, and Grb2, and PDGF signals through Ras/PI3K/Akt/IKK to activate NF-κB, transmitting both proliferative and anti-apoptotic signals; in parallel, PDGF-B knockout mice revealed an essential and isoform-specific requirement for pericyte and mesangial cell development.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of Akt–IKK complex; kinase assays; dominant-negative constructs; Pdgf-b knockout mouse histological analysis

    PMID:10485711 PMID:1372091 PMID:9442358 PMID:9739761

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of individual downstream pathways to pericyte recruitment in vivo unknown
    • Mechanism linking PDGF-B loss to mesangial cell absence not defined
  8. 1997 High

    The molecular basis of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans was established: t(17;22) translocation fuses COL1A1 to PDGFB, removing PDGFB from normal transcriptional control and producing constitutive PDGF-B that activates PDGFR-β in a paracrine manner.

    Evidence Translocation breakpoint characterization by RT-PCR and FISH; functional reconstitution showing chimeric protein processing and tumorigenicity

    PMID:11420709 PMID:8988177

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether uncleaved chimeric forms contribute to tumor biology in patients unknown
    • Therapeutic response to imatinib mechanism not fully delineated
  9. 2003 High

    The extracellular matrix retention motif of PDGF-B was shown to be critical for spatial pericyte integration: pdgf-b ret/ret mice lacking the heparin-binding domain have detached pericytes, vessel dilation, and hemorrhaging, establishing that PDGF-B must be locally retained to function.

    Evidence Mouse genetics with pdgf-b ret/ret allele; tumor transplantation; pericyte co-injection; vascular morphometry

    PMID:14561699

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific HSPG partners mediating retention not identified
    • Whether retention motif is required equally across all vascular beds unknown
  10. 2013 High

    PDGFB was identified as a causative gene for autosomal dominant primary familial brain calcification: human germline mutations abolish protein synthesis or receptor binding, and hypomorphic mouse alleles develop dose-dependent brain calcifications correlating with pericyte deficiency and BBB dysfunction.

    Evidence Human genetic linkage and mutation analysis; functional assays of six mutations; Pdgfb hypomorphic and Pdgfbret/ret mice; brain calcification and BBB assessment

    PMID:23913003 PMID:26599395

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which pericyte loss leads to calcification not resolved
    • Whether calcification is reversible upon PDGF-B restoration unknown
  11. 2017 High

    The requirement for PDGF-B in lymphatic vessel maturation was established: LEC-specific Pdgfb deletion prevents smooth muscle cell recruitment to collecting lymphatic vessels, causing dilation and loss of pulsatile contraction, with ECM retention motif serving as a checkpoint against inappropriate capillary muscularization.

    Evidence LEC-specific Cre-mediated Pdgfb deletion and overexpression; ECM retention analysis; vessel contraction measurement

    PMID:28851707

    Open questions at the time
    • ECM composition differences between capillaries and collecting vessels not molecularly defined
    • Functional consequences for lymphatic drainage not quantified
  12. 2021 High

    Cell-type-specific roles of PDGF-B in disease were delineated: macrophage-derived PDGF-B drives pathological smooth muscle cell expansion in pulmonary hypertension, while platelet-derived PDGF-B maintains tumor vascular pericyte coverage to limit metastasis, and adult-induced endothelial deletion causes progressive pericyte loss distinguishing developmental from maintenance functions.

    Evidence LysM-Cre conditional Pdgfb knockout; platelet-specific Pdgfb knockout in two tumor models; tamoxifen-inducible endothelial Pdgfb deletion with longitudinal analysis; human PAH patient macrophage analysis

    PMID:32586981 PMID:33591958 PMID:34689641

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether macrophage-derived PDGF-B acts on resident vs. recruited SMC progenitors unknown
    • Interaction between platelet-derived and endothelial-derived PDGF-B pools in tumors not resolved
  13. 2022 High

    A non-vascular neuronal role was discovered: microglial PDGF-B signals via PDGFR-α on hypothalamic PVN neurons to maintain Kv4.3 potassium channel expression, suppressing sympathetic outflow; loss of this signaling axis causes hypertension.

    Evidence Conditional microglial Pdgfb deletion; neuronal PDGFR-α suppression; electrophysiology; sympathetic outflow and blood pressure measurement; exogenous PDGF-B rescue

    PMID:35863346

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether this mechanism extends to other brain regions unknown
    • Downstream transcriptional pathway linking PDGFR-α activation to Kv4.3 expression not defined
  14. 2023 High

    The developmental-to-adult transition in PDGF-B cellular sources was resolved: microglia replace endothelial cells as the primary CNS PDGF-B source in adults, and acute loss of microglial PDGF-B severely impairs adult BBB integrity and causes lethal microhemorrhages upon immune challenge.

    Evidence Transcriptomic analysis; in situ hybridization; acute conditional cell-specific Pdgfb deletion in adult vs. neonatal mice; BBB permeability assay; endotoxin survival model

    PMID:37992789

    Open questions at the time
    • Signals triggering the switch from endothelial to microglial PDGF-B source unknown
    • Whether microglial PDGF-B maintains pericytes or acts through additional mechanisms not resolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the mechanism by which pericyte loss leads to brain calcification, the structural basis of PDGF-B/PDGFR-β interaction at atomic resolution, the signals controlling the developmental switch from endothelial to microglial PDGF-B sourcing, and the therapeutic potential of restoring PDGF-B signaling in calcification and neurovascular diseases.
  • Calcification mechanism downstream of pericyte loss undefined
  • No high-resolution PDGF-B/PDGFR-β co-crystal structure published
  • Therapeutic restoration of PDGF-B signaling not tested in disease models

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0048018 receptor ligand activity 6 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005576 extracellular region 4 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 2 GO:0031012 extracellular matrix 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 6 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3 R-HSA-1474244 Extracellular matrix organization 2 R-HSA-109582 Hemostasis 1
Partners
ADIPOQCOL1A1PDGFRAPDGFRBPIK3R1SPARC
Complex memberships
PDGF-AB heterodimerPDGF-BB homodimer

Evidence

Reading pass · 54 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1983 PDGF B-chain shares virtual amino acid sequence identity (~104 residues) with the predicted transforming protein p28sis of simian sarcoma virus (SSV), establishing that the v-sis oncogene encodes a PDGF-related protein. Amino acid sequencing of purified PDGF and comparison with predicted v-sis protein sequence Nature High 6306471
1984 The c-sis proto-oncogene encodes a polypeptide precursor of the PDGF B chain, with amino acid sequence identity over 109 residues confirmed by direct sequencing; the PDGF A chain is ~60% homologous to the B chain but encoded at a separate locus. Nucleotide sequencing of c-sis genomic clones combined with amino acid sequence analysis of purified PDGF B chain The EMBO journal High 6329745
1984 SSV-transformed cells secrete a PDGF-like protein (p28v-sis) that stimulates autocrine cell growth through PDGF receptors; anti-PDGF antisera block 3H-thymidine incorporation in growing SSV-transformed cells; PDGF receptors purified from SSV-NIH 3T3 cells retain active protein tyrosine kinase activity stimulated by PDGF. Mitogenic assay, 125I-PDGF receptor competition binding, anti-PDGF antisera neutralization, receptor purification with tyrosine kinase assay, tumor growth in nude mice Cell High 6091918
1984 Expression of the normal human sis/PDGF-2 coding sequence under retroviral LTR control induces cellular transformation of NIH-3T3 cells, demonstrating that the growth factor coding sequence itself has transforming activity. Stable transfection of chimeric LTR-c-sis construct into NIH/3T3 cells; transforming foci assay; detection of sis/PDGF-2 translational products Cell High 6091919
1984 The v-sis gene product competes with 125I-PDGF for receptor binding on fibroblast membranes, directly demonstrating functional equivalence between the SSV oncogene product and PDGF. Bacterial expression of v-sis protein; 125I-PDGF receptor competition binding assay; immunochemical identification The Journal of biological chemistry High 6088510
1985 The v-sis gene product specifically binds PDGF receptors, stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGF receptors, and induces DNA synthesis in quiescent fibroblasts; transformation by SSV correlates strictly with PDGF receptor expression in target cells. Partial purification of v-sis protein; receptor binding; tyrosine phosphorylation assay; mitogenic assay; antibody neutralization; cell susceptibility correlation Science (New York, N.Y.) High 2996133
1985 Normal human endothelial cells in culture express PDGF B chain mRNA and synthesize a PDGF-B precursor polypeptide (predicted Mr 27,281), establishing endothelial cells as a physiological source of PDGF-B. cDNA cloning and complete sequence analysis of sis-homologous cDNA from human umbilical vein endothelial cells Nature High 4033772
1986 The SIS/PDGF2 mRNA is 3373 nucleotides with only a 723-bp coding sequence flanked by long 5' (1022 bp) and 3' (1625 bp) untranslated regions; a TATA box 24 bp upstream and an enhancer-like TG element downstream of the polyadenylation site were identified as putative regulatory elements. cDNA cloning, nuclease S1 mapping, primer extension, and nucleotide sequence analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 3517869
1986 The v-sis gene product is co-translationally processed in the endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi compartment where signal sequence cleavage and N-linked glycosylation occur; it contains no transmembrane regions (confirmed by trypsin protection in microsomes); mutation of the proposed proteolytic processing site (Lys-Arg→Asn-Ser at residues 110–111) retains full biological activity; mutations disrupting the signal sequence cause nuclear mislocation and loss of activity. Site-directed mutagenesis; subcellular fractionation; microsome trypsin protection assay; N-linked glycosylation analysis Molecular and cellular biology High 3537701
1986 Phorbol ester (TPA) induces c-sis/PDGFB gene transcription in K-562 hematopoietic stem cells during megakaryoblastic differentiation, as determined by nuclear run-off transcriptional assay, without generalized effects on other hematopoietic cell lines. Northern blot analysis; nuclear run-off transcriptional assay Molecular and cellular biology Medium 3466024
1987 Each of the eight conserved cysteine residues in the v-sis/PDGF-B molecule is required for disulfide-linked dimer formation; however, interchain disulfide bonds are not essential for receptor activation—only the four cysteines forming intramolecular disulfide bonds are required for biological activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of individual cysteine codons; disulfide dimer formation assay; transforming activity assay Science (New York, N.Y.) High 3035718
1989 Transformation by v-sis occurs through internal activation of PDGF receptors before cell surface expression: a v-sis mutant encoding ER/Golgi-retained protein transforms NRK cells as efficiently as wild-type without secreting detectable v-sis protein, and anti-PDGF antisera fail to reverse morphological transformation. Construction of ER/Golgi-retention mutant of v-sis; stable transfection; transformation assay; anti-PDGF antibody treatment Science (New York, N.Y.) High 2551043
1989 PDGF-B induces a SIF (sis-inducible factor) DNA-binding activity that binds a conserved element upstream of the c-fos promoter; this SIF-binding element confers sis/PDGF inducibility onto a truncated c-fos promoter and functions additively with the serum response element (SRE), but only responds to sis/PDGF (not phorbol esters or serum). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay; reporter gene transfection; promoter deletion analysis with recombinant PDGF The EMBO journal High 2176154
1989 Internal activation of PDGF receptors by v-sis product is sufficient for transformation, but activated receptors must reach the cell surface to couple with intracellular mitogenic signaling; suramin completely blocks proliferation and eliminates cell-surface receptor tyrosine phosphorylation without affecting intracellular receptor phosphorylation. Suramin treatment; anti-PDGF neutralizing antibody; tyrosine phosphorylation assay of cell-surface vs. intracellular PDGF receptors; defined medium proliferation assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 2813378
1989 PDGF-B mRNA and protein expression in glioblastoma: proliferating vascular endothelial cells in human glioblastoma coexpress PDGF B chain mRNA and PDGF receptor mRNA, supporting an autocrine growth stimulation mechanism for endothelial hyperplasia in this tumor. RNA transfer blot analysis; in situ hybridization of tumor biopsies Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 2845420
1989 TGF-β and phorbol ester (PMA/diacylglycerol via protein kinase C) each induce c-sis/PDGF-B mRNA expression in glioblastoma cells through distinct signaling routes (TGF-β uses a PKC-independent kinase pathway); both pathways converge on transcriptional activation of c-sis. Nuclear run-on transcription assay; PKC downregulation; kinase inhibitor H7; cycloheximide treatment; RNA hybridization Cancer research Medium 2655888
1990 PDGF-B protein is localized within macrophages in all stages of human and nonhuman primate atherosclerotic lesion development, implicating macrophage-derived PDGF-B as a source of chemotactic and growth-stimulatory signals for intimal smooth muscle cells. Immunohistochemical localization of PDGF-B protein in atherosclerotic tissue sections Science (New York, N.Y.) Medium 2343305
1991 Two specific PDGF-B chain residues, arginine 27 and isoleucine 30, mediate receptor binding and cell activation; substitutions at these positions create PDGF-B mutants defective in receptor affinity and mitogenic activity without disrupting overall protein structure (confirmed by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy). Site-directed mutagenesis; 125I-PDGF-BB displacement assay; mitogenic assay; inositol lipid turnover; circular dichroism; fluorescence spectroscopy The EMBO journal High 1661670
1992 SPARC (extracellular glycoprotein) specifically binds PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB dimers (but not PDGF-AA) and inhibits their binding to PDGF receptors on dermal fibroblasts in a dose-dependent and pH-dependent manner. Specific immunoprecipitation of SPARC–125I-PDGF-BB complexes; solid-phase binding assay; receptor competition binding assay; pH-dependence analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 1311092
1992 The p85 regulatory subunit of PI 3-kinase associates with the PDGF receptor via its SH2 domains in a tyrosine autophosphorylation-dependent manner; binding requires receptor kinase activity and the N-terminal SH2 domain binds PDGF receptors more stably than EGF receptors. Co-immunoprecipitation; GST-SH2 fusion protein binding assays; phosphotyrosine inhibition assays; Western blot Molecular and cellular biology High 1372091
1993 A 10-bp element named SPE (SIS proximal element, positions -58 to -39 relative to PDGF-B mRNA start site) is essential for TPA-induced transcriptional activation of the SIS/PDGFB promoter in megakaryocytes; gel shift assays show a TPA-inducible nuclear complex that forms over the same time frame as mRNA induction and is blocked by cycloheximide, indicating requirement for new protein synthesis. Linker scanning mutagenesis across 250-bp promoter; luciferase reporter assay; gel mobility-shift assay; time-course analysis; cycloheximide treatment Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 8356057
1994 v-sis-induced Egr-1 expression is mediated by a pathway requiring tyrosine kinase activity and c-Ha-Ras; dominant-negative Ras and Raf mutants abrogate Egr-1 induction by v-sis/PDGF-B, and this signal is independent of protein kinase C. Conditional metallothionein-v-sis expression system; dominant-negative Ras and Raf transfection; Egr-1 promoter-reporter assay; PKC inhibition Journal of cellular biochemistry Medium 7890805
1994 Selective PDGF receptor kinase blockers (tyrphostins AG1295 and AG1296) reverse the transformed phenotype of sis-transfected NIH 3T3 cells without affecting src-transformed cells or c-src kinase activity, confirming that PDGF receptor kinase activity is required for v-sis/PDGF-B-driven transformation. Tyrphostin treatment; transformation reversal assay; receptor autophosphorylation assay; kinase activity assay; selectivity profiling against multiple receptors Cancer research High 7954456
1995 Mechanical strain-induced fetal lung cell growth is mediated by upregulation of PDGF-B and PDGF-β receptor mRNA and protein; phosphorothioate antisense PDGF-B oligonucleotides, neutralizing PDGF-BB antibody, and the PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin 9 each abolish strain-induced DNA synthesis. Antisense oligonucleotide knockdown; neutralizing antibody; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; DNA synthesis assay; mRNA and protein expression analysis The American journal of physiology Medium 7653578
1997 In dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP), chromosomal translocation t(17;22) fuses COL1A1 to PDGFB, deleting exon 1 of PDGFB and releasing it from normal transcriptional regulation, producing constitutive PDGF-B expression that drives tumor formation. Genomic and RNA-level characterization of translocation breakpoints; RT-PCR; FISH Nature genetics High 8988177
1998 PDGF-B knockout mice lack pericytes and mesangial cells, while PDGF-A knockout mice lack alveolar smooth muscle cells, demonstrating that PDGF-B is specifically required for the development of pericytes and mesangial cells (but not other smooth muscle cell subtypes). Targeted gene knockout in mice; histological analysis of pericyte and mesangial cell development Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension High 9442358
1998 PDGF signals through Ras/PI3K/Akt/IKK to activate NF-κB, which transmits both a proliferative signal (via c-myc induction) and an anti-apoptotic signal that counterbalances c-Myc cytotoxicity; Akt transiently associates in vivo with IKK and induces IKK activation upon PDGF stimulation. Co-immunoprecipitation of Akt–IKK complex; kinase assays; dominant-negative constructs; NF-κB reporter assays; apoptosis assays Nature High 10485711
1998 PDGF receptor dimerization induced by ligand binding leads to autophosphorylation, enabling recruitment and activation of cytoplasmic SH2-domain-containing signal transduction molecules (including PI3K, PLCγ, Src family kinases, Grb2, SHP-2), initiating pathways controlling cell growth, actin reorganization, migration, and differentiation. Biochemical analysis of receptor phosphorylation; SH2 domain binding studies; downstream signaling assays Biochimica et biophysica acta High 9739761
1999 Cyclic mechanical strain increases PDGF-B mRNA and activates the PDGF-B promoter (12-fold in psisCAT 6A construct), and also upregulates PDGF-β receptor protein, both contributing to strain-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation; neutralizing antibodies to PDGF-β receptor reduce strain-induced thymidine incorporation by 50%. Cyclic strain on silicone elastomer; promoter-CAT reporter transfection; neutralizing antibody; Western blot; 3H-thymidine incorporation Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 10558917
2001 The COL1A1-PDGFB chimeric protein produced in DFSP is processed in transfected cells into mature PDGF-B dimers that activate the PDGFB receptor pathway in a paracrine manner, rendering cells growth-factor-independent and tumorigenic; mutagenesis of the COL1A1-PDGFB cleavage site shows that even uncleaved forms retain mitogenic activity. Stable and transient transfection; anti-PDGFB antibody detection; growth factor independence assay; nude mouse tumorigenicity assay; site-directed mutagenesis of processing site Oncogene High 11420709
2001 PDGF-B is expressed by cultured human endothelial cells and kidney epithelial cells (BSC-1), which secrete a PDGF-like protein with mitogenic and chemotactic activities inhibitable by anti-PDGF antibody; c-sis but not c-sis A-chain mRNA is detected in these cells, and TGF-β2 induces c-sis mRNA accumulation without corresponding increase in secreted PDGF-like activity. Northern blot with c-sis cDNA probe; mitogenic and chemotactic activity assays; antibody inhibition; protein secretion measurement The American journal of physiology Medium 3177660
2002 Adiponectin specifically binds PDGF-BB (but not PDGF-AA) and inhibits PDGF-BB binding to smooth muscle cells, suppressing PDGF-β receptor autophosphorylation and ERK phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting PDGF-BB-driven smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. 125I-PDGF-BB binding competition; immunoblot of receptor autophosphorylation and ERK phosphorylation; proliferation (3H-thymidine) and migration (Boyden chamber) assays Circulation High 12070119
2003 Endothelial PDGF-B retention motif (heparan sulfate proteoglycan-binding domain) is required for proper pericyte integration into the vessel wall in tumors; loss of this retention motif (pdgf-b ret/ret mice) causes pericyte detachment and partial loss, increased vessel diameter, and hemorrhaging even when PDGF-B is provided by tumor cells. Mouse genetics (pdgf-b ret/ret); tumor transplantation; transgenic PDGF-B expression; pericyte coinjection with tumor cells; histological and vascular analysis The Journal of clinical investigation High 14561699
2005 PDGF-B signaling via the MAPK pathway induces YB-1 subcellular shuttling from nucleus to cytoplasm in mesangial cells during mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis; YB-1 knockdown by RNAi abolishes the mitogenic effect of PDGF-B, identifying YB-1 as a necessary downstream signaling target. PDGF-B infusion in vivo; PDGF aptamer blockade; MEK inhibitor U0126; RNAi knockdown; immunolocalization; in vitro proliferation assay Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN High 16093451
2005 Hypoxia increases endothelial PDGF-B mRNA and protein via a transcriptional mechanism; hypoxic mesangial cells show 2–3-fold enhanced proliferative response to PDGF-B associated with increased specific receptor binding capacity; hypoxic conditioned medium chemoattractant activity is largely abolished by PDGF-B neutralizing antibody. Northern and Western blot; saturation binding assay; 3H-thymidine proliferation; Boyden chamber migration; neutralizing antibody Kidney international Medium 16014047
2007 TGF-β-Smad pathway promotes glioma cell proliferation by transcriptionally inducing PDGF-B expression in gliomas with an unmethylated PDGF-B gene; the epigenetic methylation status of the PDGF-B gene is the molecular determinant of whether TGF-β acts as oncogenic (inducing PDGF-B and proliferation) or not in human glioma. Transcriptomic profiling; ChIP for Smad binding; PDGF-B promoter methylation analysis; gain/loss-of-function experiments; primary patient-derived glioma cultures Cancer cell High 17292826
2008 PDGF-B/PDGFR-β signaling is required for cardiac contributions of epicardium-derived cells and cardiac neural crest; Pdgf-b-/- and Pdgfr-β-/- mouse embryos show ventricular septal defects, atrioventricular valve maldevelopment, impaired coronary arteriogenesis, myocardial hypoplasia, and cardiac nerve hypoplasia. Analysis of Pdgf-b-/- and Pdgfr-β-/- mouse embryos; immunohistochemical staining for αSMA, periostin, ephrinB2, VEGFR-2, NCAM at multiple embryonic stages Developmental dynamics High 18213589
2008 PDGF-BB signaling transcriptionally induces miR-221, which then downregulates c-Kit and p27Kip1; loss of p27Kip1 by miR-221 drives PDGF-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, while decreased c-Kit suppresses SMC-specific contractile gene expression via reduced Myocardin. miRNA expression profiling; promoter-reporter assay; miR-221 mimic/inhibitor transfection; target site mutagenesis; luciferase reporter; western blot The Journal of biological chemistry High 19088079
2009 VEGF-C regulates PDGF-B expression via VEGFR3 signaling; blockade of VEGFR3 reduces PDGF-B expression and causes marked capillary dilation with mural cell dissociation; conversely, blockade of PDGF-BB diminishes VEGF-C expression, establishing a mutual regulatory loop between VEGF-C and PDGF-B in vascular stabilization. Neutralizing antibody AFL-4 against VEGFR3; PDGF-BB blocking antibody; murine hindlimb ischemia model; histological and blood flow analysis American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology Medium 19734356
2011 SDF-1α induces PDGF-B mRNA and protein expression via a transcriptional mechanism involving ELK-1 transcription factor binding to the pdgf-b promoter; this SDF-1α/PDGF-B pathway is required for differentiation of PDGFR-β+ bone marrow cells into mature pericytes. In vitro SDF-1α stimulation; 2-kb PDGF-B promoter reporter assay; chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) for ELK-1; in vivo tumor model; pericyte differentiation assay Molecular cancer research : MCR High 21911740
2013 Venous malformation-causing TIE2 mutations (L914F) cause AKT-dependent chronic suppression of PDGFB production in endothelial cells; mutant TIE2 L914F chronically activates AKT in a ligand-independent manner, reducing PDGFB secretion and thereby impairing mural cell recruitment, contributing to abnormal vascular channel formation. Global gene expression profiling of TIE2-mutant ECs; in vitro TIE2 L914F and R849W expression; AKT inhibitor treatment; ex vivo patient tissue PDGFB measurement Human molecular genetics High 23633549
2013 Mutations in PDGFB cause autosomal dominant idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC) in humans; in mice, loss of endothelial PDGFB leads to pericyte deficiency and blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and hypomorphic Pdgfb alleles develop age-related brain calcifications that correlate with degree of pericyte and BBB deficiency. Human genetic analysis; mouse hypomorphic Pdgfb alleles; histological and radiological brain calcification assessment; pericyte quantification; BBB permeability assay Nature genetics High 23913003
2013 LHX2 transcription factor directly induces PDGF-B expression in tumor cells, driving autocrine PDGFRβ signaling for cell migration/invasion and paracrine signaling to pericytes for vessel maturation and primary tumor growth; pharmacological inhibition of PDGF-B/PDGFRβ signaling reduces vessel functionality, tumor growth, and LHX2-induced invasion. Loss/gain-of-function in transgenic mouse models; pharmacological PDGFB/PDGFRβ inhibition; in vitro migration/invasion assays; vessel maturation analysis Molecular oncology High 24423492
2015 Germline PDGFB mutations causing Primary Familial Brain Calcification (PFBC) lead to complete loss of PDGF-B function through abolished protein synthesis or defective PDGF-Rβ binding/stimulation; the Pdgfbret/ret mouse model (lacking the proteoglycan-binding retention motif) develops brain calcification, demonstrating that altered tissue distribution of PDGF-B protein is sufficient to cause calcification. In vitro functional analysis of six PDGFB mutations; PDGF-Rβ binding assay; autophosphorylation assay; heterozygous knockout mice; Pdgfbret/ret mice; brain calcification assessment; pericyte coverage quantification; BBB analysis PloS one High 26599395
2016 Transgenic cardiac overexpression of PDGF-B induces focal fibrosis and moderate cardiac hypertrophy, mediated primarily via PDGFRβ; the weaker fibrotic effect of PDGFB (compared to PDGF-A, which is more potent via PDGFRα) reflects differences in receptor affinity, implicating PDGFRα in interstitial mesenchymal cells as the main mediator of strong cardiac fibrosis. Alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter-driven transgenic overexpression; histological and cardiac size analysis; immunohistochemistry for PDGF receptors Experimental cell research Medium 27816607
2017 PDGFB expressed by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) of collecting vessels is required for smooth muscle cell (SMC) recruitment to lymphatic vessels; LEC-specific Pdgfb deletion prevents SMC recruitment causing vessel dilation and failure of pulsatile contraction; extracellular matrix retention of PDGFB is required for SMC recruitment, and low ECM-binding components around capillaries provide a checkpoint preventing inappropriate SMC investment of capillaries. LEC-specific Cre-mediated Pdgfb deletion; PDGFB overexpression in LECs; histological analysis; ECM retention assay; pulsatile contraction measurement Development (Cambridge, England) High 28851707
2020 Platelet-specific conditional knockout of PDGFB impairs tumor vascular pericyte coverage and function, leading to enhanced hypoxia, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, elevated circulating tumor cells, and increased spontaneous metastasis, establishing a novel role for platelet-derived PDGFB in maintaining tumor vascular integrity. Platelet-specific Cre-mediated Pdgfb conditional knockout; two tumor mouse models; pericyte coverage quantification; hypoxia markers; EMT markers; circulating tumor cell counting; metastasis quantification Cancer research High 32586981
2020 Endothelial Twist1 transcription factor mediates hypoxia-induced PDGFB upregulation; Twist1 overexpression increases PDGFB expression in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells; knockdown of endothelial Twist1 suppresses hypoxia-induced αSMA-positive cell accumulation and PDGFB upregulation in an in vivo gel implant model; Twist1 and PDGFB levels are elevated in IPAH patient pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Twist1 overexpression/knockdown; in vivo hydrogel implant model on mouse lung; immunofluorescence; IPAH patient cell analysis Scientific reports High 32371931
2021 Adult-induced endothelial deletion of Pdgfb in 2-month-old mice causes slowly progressive pericyte loss (reaching ~50% decrease in endothelial:pericyte ratio and >70% decrease in pericyte marker expression by 12–18 months) and increased BBB permeability; in contrast to constitutive Pdgfb loss, adult-induced loss does not cause vessel dilation, arterio-venous skewing, or microvascular calcification, distinguishing developmental from maintenance roles of PDGFB. Tamoxifen-inducible endothelial-specific Cre; longitudinal pericyte quantification; BBB permeability assay; vessel morphology analysis Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism High 34689641
2021 Macrophage-derived PDGF-B is critical for pathological smooth muscle cell expansion (distal muscularization) in pulmonary hypertension; macrophage-specific deletion of Pdgfb (LysM-Cre) prevents hypoxia-induced distal muscularization and PH; PDGF-B is upregulated in macrophages from human PAH patients; nanoparticle-mediated siRNA knockdown of Pdgfb specifically in lung macrophages prevents hypoxia-induced PH and right ventricular hypertrophy. LysM-Cre conditional Pdgfb knockout; clodronate macrophage depletion; HIF-1α and HIF-2α conditional knockouts; macrophage-conditioned medium SMC proliferation/migration assay; nanoparticle siRNA delivery; human PAH patient macrophage analysis JCI insight High 33591958
2021 C/EBPβ transcription factor directly binds PDGFB promoter elements to facilitate PDGFB transcription in anoikis-resistant gastric cancer cells; secreted PDGFB promotes cancer cell survival via a C/EBPβ-dependent self-feedback loop and promotes angiogenesis via MAPK/ERK signaling in vascular endothelial cells. ChIP showing direct C/EBPβ binding to PDGFB promoter; loss/gain-of-function experiments; MAPK/ERK signaling analysis; in vitro and in vivo metastasis models Oncogene High 34341514
2022 Microglia constitutively release PDGFB, which signals via PDGFRα on hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons to promote Kv4.3 (potassium channel) expression; ablation of microglia, conditional deletion of microglial PDGFB, or suppression of neuronal PDGFRα elevates pre-sympathetic neuronal excitability and sympathetic outflow, causing hypertension; central supplementation of exogenous PDGFB suppresses the pressor response. Microglial ablation; conditional microglial Pdgfb deletion; neuronal PDGFRα suppression; electrophysiology; sympathetic outflow measurement; blood pressure monitoring; exogenous PDGFB central administration Immunity High 35863346
2023 In adult mice, microglia are the primary source of PDGFB in the CNS (transitioning from endothelial cells in neonates); acute loss of microglial PDGFB profoundly impairs BBB integrity in adults, causing lethal microhemorrhages upon endotoxin challenge; acute loss of endothelial PDGFB has minimal effects on adult BBB but severely impairs neonatal CNS vasculature. Transcriptomic analysis; in situ hybridization; acute conditional cell-specific Pdgfb deletion in adult vs. neonatal mice; BBB permeability assay; endotoxin challenge survival model Brain, behavior, and immunity High 37992789
2023 PROX1 transcription factor inhibits PDGFB expression in valvular endothelial cells (VECs) partially via FOXC2; conditional deletion of Prox1 from VECs upregulates PDGFB, leading to progressive myxomatous valve degeneration; conditional overexpression of PDGFB in VECs recapitulates the Prox1-knockout phenotype; pharmacological inhibition of PDGFB signaling with imatinib partially ameliorates valve defects. Conditional Prox1 VEC-specific knockout; conditional PDGFB overexpression in VECs; conditional FOXC2 knockdown; echocardiography; histology; electron microscopy; imatinib pharmacological rescue; human mitral valve prolapse sample analysis Circulation research High 37555328

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2003 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Critical care medicine 4325 12682500
2003 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Intensive care medicine 1674 12664219
1999 NF-kappaB is a target of AKT in anti-apoptotic PDGF signalling. Nature 1608 10485711
1983 Platelet-derived growth factor is structurally related to the putative transforming protein p28sis of simian sarcoma virus. Nature 1496 6306471
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
1999 The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature 808 10591208
2003 Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nature genetics 754 14702039
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2007 Anti-PlGF inhibits growth of VEGF(R)-inhibitor-resistant tumors without affecting healthy vessels. Cell 659 17981115
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2008 An empirical framework for binary interactome mapping. Nature methods 652 19060904
1998 Signal transduction via platelet-derived growth factor receptors. Biochimica et biophysica acta 626 9739761
1989 Isolation of a novel receptor cDNA establishes the existence of two PDGF receptor genes. Science (New York, N.Y.) 613 2536956
1990 The SIF binding element confers sis/PDGF inducibility onto the c-fos promoter. The EMBO journal 595 2176154
1979 Purification of human platelet-derived growth factor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 595 287022
1990 Localization of PDGF-B protein in macrophages in all phases of atherogenesis. Science (New York, N.Y.) 560 2343305
2002 Adipocyte-derived plasma protein adiponectin acts as a platelet-derived growth factor-BB-binding protein and regulates growth factor-induced common postreceptor signal in vascular smooth muscle cell. Circulation 553 12070119
2000 PDGF-C is a new protease-activated ligand for the PDGF alpha-receptor. Nature cell biology 489 10806482
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2007 High TGFbeta-Smad activity confers poor prognosis in glioma patients and promotes cell proliferation depending on the methylation of the PDGF-B gene. Cancer cell 432 17292826
1989 cDNA cloning and expression of the human A-type platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor establishes structural similarity to the B-type PDGF receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 423 2544881
2003 Endothelial and nonendothelial sources of PDGF-B regulate pericyte recruitment and influence vascular pattern formation in tumors. The Journal of clinical investigation 422 14561699
1979 Platelet-derived growth factor: purification and partial characterization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 417 291037
1996 Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. Genome research 401 8889548
1997 Deregulation of the platelet-derived growth factor B-chain gene via fusion with collagen gene COL1A1 in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and giant-cell fibroblastoma. Nature genetics 400 8988177
1984 The c-sis gene encodes a precursor of the B chain of platelet-derived growth factor. The EMBO journal 355 6329745
1992 The extracellular glycoprotein SPARC interacts with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB and -BB and inhibits the binding of PDGF to its receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 336 1311092
1992 Interaction of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-associated p85 with epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors. Molecular and cellular biology 331 1372091
2005 Porcine small intestine submucosa (SIS) is not an acellular collagenous matrix and contains porcine DNA: possible implications in human implantation. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials 316 15736287
1995 Three patterns of cytokine expression potentially involved in epithelial-fibroblast interactions of human ocular surface. Journal of cellular physiology 306 7896901
2001 PDGF-D, a new protease-activated growth factor. Nature cell biology 293 11331882
1985 Cultured human endothelial cells express platelet-derived growth factor B chain: cDNA cloning and structural analysis. Nature 285 4033772
2008 Induction of microRNA-221 by platelet-derived growth factor signaling is critical for modulation of vascular smooth muscle phenotype. The Journal of biological chemistry 282 19088079
1988 Endothelial cell hyperplasia in human glioblastoma: coexpression of mRNA for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B chain and PDGF receptor suggests autocrine growth stimulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 281 2845420
2013 Mutations in the gene encoding PDGF-B cause brain calcifications in humans and mice. Nature genetics 280 23913003
1984 Transforming protein of simian sarcoma virus stimulates autocrine growth of SSV-transformed cells through PDGF cell-surface receptors. Cell 267 6091918
1994 Selective platelet-derived growth factor receptor kinase blockers reverse sis-transformation. Cancer research 249 7954456
1984 Transformation of NIH 3T3 cells by a human c-sis cDNA clone. Nature 192 6323994
1989 Transformation by v-sis occurs by an internal autoactivation mechanism. Science (New York, N.Y.) 184 2551043
1984 Expression of the normal human sis/PDGF-2 coding sequence induces cellular transformation. Cell 162 6091919
2012 Delivery of PDGF-B and BMP-7 by mesoporous bioglass/silk fibrin scaffolds for the repair of osteoporotic defects. Biomaterials 135 22763224
1985 Evidence that the v-sis gene product transforms by interaction with the receptor for platelet-derived growth factor. Science (New York, N.Y.) 132 2996133
2001 Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS): a bioscaffold supporting in vitro primary human epidermal cell differentiation and synthesis of basement membrane proteins. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 129 11311519
1989 Autocrine mechanism for v-sis transformation requires cell surface localization of internally activated growth factor receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 122 2813378
1986 Structure and sequence of the human c-sis/platelet-derived growth factor 2 (SIS/PDGF2) transcriptional unit. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 122 3517869
1986 Phorbol ester induces c-sis gene transcription in stem cell line K-562. Molecular and cellular biology 116 3466024
1983 c-sis is translocated from chromosome 22 to chromosome 9 in chronic myelocytic leukemia. The Journal of experimental medicine 109 6306134
1985 Modulation of the sis gene transcript during endothelial cell differentiation in vitro. Science (New York, N.Y.) 105 3890179
2016 PDGF-A and PDGF-B induces cardiac fibrosis in transgenic mice. Experimental cell research 95 27816607
1991 Pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial lung disease. Alveolar macrophage PDGF(B) gene activation and up-regulation by interferon gamma. The American review of respiratory disease 89 1898843
2013 Biochemical and biomechanical characterization of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS): a mini review. International journal of burns and trauma 88 24273692
2013 Venous malformation-causative TIE2 mutations mediate an AKT-dependent decrease in PDGFB. Human molecular genetics 87 23633549
2011 Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, genetic (COL1A1-PDGFB), and therapeutic study of low-grade versus high-grade (fibrosarcomatous) tumors. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 84 21570152
2021 Anoikis resistant gastric cancer cells promote angiogenesis and peritoneal metastasis through C/EBPβ-mediated PDGFB autocrine and paracrine signaling. Oncogene 83 34341514
2015 Functional Characterization of Germline Mutations in PDGFB and PDGFRB in Primary Familial Brain Calcification. PloS one 79 26599395
2001 Structural and functional analysis of a chimeric protein COL1A1-PDGFB generated by the translocation t(17;22)(q22;q13.1) in Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DP). Oncogene 75 11420709
2020 Platelet-Specific PDGFB Ablation Impairs Tumor Vessel Integrity and Promotes Metastasis. Cancer research 71 32586981
2008 PDGF-B signaling is important for murine cardiac development: its role in developing atrioventricular valves, coronaries, and cardiac innervation. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 71 18213589
2003 Cryopreservation of goat oocytes and in vivo derived 2- to 4-cell embryos using the cryoloop (CLV) and solid-surface vitrification (SSV) methods. Theriogenology 69 12566156
2018 Alternative PDGFD rearrangements in dermatofibrosarcomas protuberans without PDGFB fusions. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 66 29955147
1995 Antisense oligonucleotides for PDGF-B and its receptor inhibit mechanical strain-induced fetal lung cell growth. The American journal of physiology 65 7653578
2020 An intestinal model with a finger-like villus structure fabricated using a bioprinting process and collagen/SIS-based cell-laden bioink. Theranostics 62 32194815
2010 Expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B and PDGF-receptor β is associated with lymphatic metastasis in human gastric carcinoma. Cancer science 61 20624165
2006 Gains of COL1A1-PDGFB genomic copies occur in fibrosarcomatous transformation of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 60 16980946
1987 The role of individual cysteine residues in the structure and function of the v-sis gene product. Science (New York, N.Y.) 59 3035718
2021 Macrophage-derived PDGF-B induces muscularization in murine and human pulmonary hypertension. JCI insight 56 33591958
2017 Smooth muscle cell recruitment to lymphatic vessels requires PDGFB and impacts vessel size but not identity. Development (Cambridge, England) 55 28851707
2015 PDGFB-based stem cell gene therapy increases bone strength in the mouse. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 54 26150503
2013 LIM-homeobox gene 2 promotes tumor growth and metastasis by inducing autocrine and paracrine PDGF-B signaling. Molecular oncology 54 24423492
1991 Two PDGF-B chain residues, arginine 27 and isoleucine 30, mediate receptor binding and activation. The EMBO journal 54 1661670
2022 Microglia-derived PDGFB promotes neuronal potassium currents to suppress basal sympathetic tonicity and limit hypertension. Immunity 48 35863346
2015 A Novel Chromosomal Translocation Associated With COL1A2-PDGFB Gene Fusion in Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: PDGF Expression as a New Diagnostic Tool. JAMA dermatology 46 26332510
1998 Not all myofibroblasts are alike: revisiting the role of PDGF-A and PDGF-B using PDGF-targeted mice. Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension 45 9442358
2014 A de novo nonsense PDGFB mutation causing idiopathic basal ganglia calcification with laryngeal dystonia. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 44 24518837
1999 Mechanical strain increases PDGF-B and PDGF beta receptor expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 44 10558917
2021 Adult-induced genetic ablation distinguishes PDGFB roles in blood-brain barrier maintenance and development. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 43 34689641
1990 Enhanced expression of the sis and c-myc oncogenes in human meningiomas. Journal of neurosurgery 43 2182793
2014 An engineered 3D human airway mucosa model based on an SIS scaffold. Biomaterials 42 24912816
2018 Nanosphere-mediated co-delivery of VEGF-A and PDGF-B genes for accelerating diabetic foot ulcers healing in rats. Gene therapy 41 29955127
2009 VEGF-C regulates lymphangiogenesis and capillary stability by regulation of PDGF-B. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 40 19734356
2005 Y-box protein 1 mediates PDGF-B effects in mesangioproliferative glomerular disease. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN 40 16093451
2019 Spectrum of SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB, and XPR1 mutations in a large cohort of patients with primary familial brain calcification. Human mutation 39 30609140
2000 Effects of H-ras and v-sis overexpression on N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V and metastasis-related phenotypes in human hepatocarcinoma cells. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 39 10815761
1989 Control of the expression of c-sis mRNA in human glioblastoma cells by phorbol ester and transforming growth factor beta 1. Cancer research 39 2655888
2013 Lrig2-deficient mice are protected against PDGFB-induced glioma. PloS one 37 24023893
2009 Short-term plasticity of small synaptic vesicle (SSV) and large dense-core vesicle (LDCV) exocytosis. Cellular signalling 37 19249357
2014 LHT7, a chemically modified heparin, inhibits multiple stages of angiogenesis by blocking VEGF, FGF2 and PDGF-B signaling pathways. Biomaterials 35 25453957
1988 Kidney epithelial cells express c-sis protooncogene and secrete PDGF-like protein. The American journal of physiology 35 3177660
2020 Long noncoding RNA PART1 restrains aggressive gastric cancer through the epigenetic silencing of PDGFB via the PLZF-mediated recruitment of EZH2. Oncogene 33 32901105
2019 SPARC promotes the proliferation and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by PI3K/AKT/PDGFB/PDGFRβ axis. Journal of cellular physiology 32 30706473
1990 Induction of fos and sis proto-oncogenes and genes of the extracellular matrix proteins during butyrate induced glioma differentiation. Biochimica et biophysica acta 32 2105102
2011 SDF-1α induces PDGF-B expression and the differentiation of bone marrow cells into pericytes. Molecular cancer research : MCR 31 21911740
1993 Identification and characterization of an essential, activating regulatory element of the human SIS/PDGFB promoter in human megakaryocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 30 8356057
1988 Expression and stability of c-sis mRNA in human glioblastoma cells. Biochemistry 30 3052584
2021 M2 Macrophages Promote PDGFRβ+ Pericytes Migration After Spinal Cord Injury in Mice via PDGFB/PDGFRβ Pathway. Frontiers in pharmacology 29 33935795
2020 Endothelial Twist1-PDGFB signaling mediates hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of αSMA-positive cells. Scientific reports 29 32371931
2015 PDGF-D signaling in portal myofibroblasts and hepatic stellate cells proves identical to PDGF-B via both PDGF receptor type α and β. Cellular signalling 29 25819339
2001 Treatment of ischemic wounds using cultured dermal fibroblasts transduced retrovirally with PDGF-B and VEGF121 genes. Annals of plastic surgery 29 11352431
2016 White matter involvement in a family with a novel PDGFB mutation. Neurology. Genetics 27 27227165
1998 COL1A1-PDGFB fusion in a ring chromosome 4 found in a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 27 9790508
1986 Biosynthesis of the v-sis gene product: signal sequence cleavage, glycosylation, and proteolytic processing. Molecular and cellular biology 26 3537701
2020 Effect of PDGF-B Gene-Activated Acellular Matrix and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on Full Thickness Skin Burn Wound in Rat Model. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine 25 33145744
2019 PDGFB-expressing mesenchymal stem cells improve human hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in immunodeficient mice. Bone marrow transplantation 25 31804621
2011 Extracellular matrix from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) as immune adjuvants. PloS one 24 22087247
2005 Hypoxia regulates PDGF-B interactions between glomerular capillary endothelial and mesangial cells. Kidney international 24 16014047
1986 Structure and nucleotide sequence of the 5' region of the human and feline c-sis proto-oncogenes. Nucleic acids research 22 3003695
2013 PDGFB rearrangement in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics and clinical implications. Human pathology 21 23347652
1989 SIS/PDGF-B expression in benign and malignant human breast lesions. Oncogene 21 2649848
2021 MicroRNA-432-5p regulates sprouting and intussusceptive angiogenesis in osteosarcoma microenvironment by targeting PDGFB. Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology 19 33846539
2019 SIS/aligned fibre scaffold designed to meet layered oesophageal tissue complexity and properties. Acta biomaterialia 19 31446049
2001 The sequential activation and repression of the human PDGF-B gene during chronic hypoxia reveals antagonistic roles for the depletion of oxygen and glucose. Growth factors (Chur, Switzerland) 19 11811779
1990 S71 is a phylogenetically distinct human endogenous retroviral element with structural and sequence homology to simian sarcoma virus (SSV). Virology 19 2152993
2022 Novel Photo- and Thermo-Responsive Nanocomposite Hydrogels Based on Functionalized rGO and Modified SIS/Chitosan Polymers for Localized Treatment of Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma. Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology 18 35875496
2013 The oncoprotein HBXIP upregulates PDGFB via activating transcription factor Sp1 to promote the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 18 23537647
2022 Endothelial senescence mediates hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling by modulating PDGFB expression. Frontiers in medicine 17 36203755
2016 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) improves follicular development and ovarian angiogenesis in a rat model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Molecular and cellular endocrinology 17 27256152
1987 Platelet-derived growth factor/sis in normal and neoplastic cell growth. Journal of cellular physiology. Supplement 17 2824537
1984 A v-sis oncogene protein produced in bacteria competes for platelet-derived growth factor binding to its receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry 17 6088510
2023 An integral blood-brain barrier in adulthood relies on microglia-derived PDGFB. Brain, behavior, and immunity 16 37992789
2022 Intratumoral PDGFB gene predominantly expressed in endothelial cells is associated with angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, but not with metastasis in breast cancer. Breast cancer research and treatment 16 35793004
2021 Overexpression of MiR-29b-3p Inhibits Atrial Remodeling in Rats by Targeting PDGF-B Signaling Pathway. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 16 33520084
2012 Cigarette smoke extract stimulates rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation via PKC-PDGFB signaling. Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology 16 22754279
1977 Establishment of simian sarcoma virus, type 1 (SSV-1)-transformed non-producer marmoset cell lines. International journal of cancer 16 198378
2023 PROX1 Inhibits PDGF-B Expression to Prevent Myxomatous Degeneration of Heart Valves. Circulation research 15 37555328
2016 Pleiotrophin enhances PDGFB-induced gliomagenesis through increased proliferation of neural progenitor cells. Oncotarget 15 27806344
2022 SB431542 alleviates lupus nephritis by regulating B cells and inhibiting the TLR9/TGFβ1/PDGFB signaling. Journal of autoimmunity 14 36030617
1994 V-sis induces Egr-1 expression by a pathway mediated by c-Ha-Ras. Journal of cellular biochemistry 14 7890805
2022 Diverse roles of tumor-stromal PDGFB-to-PDGFRβ signaling in breast cancer growth and metastasis. Advances in cancer research 13 35459473