| 2006 |
Co-expression of ORAI2 with STIM1 in HEK293 cells produces large store-operated Ca2+-selective currents (CRAC currents), demonstrating that ORAI2 can function as a pore-forming subunit of store-operated Ca2+ channels together with STIM1; efficacy is in the order ORAI1 > ORAI2 > ORAI3. |
Co-transfection of HEK293 cells with STIM1 and ORAI2 followed by electrophysiological recording of Ca2+-selective store-operated currents and Ca2+ entry measurements |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
16807233
|
| 2007 |
Murine ORAI2 produces two splice variants (ORAI2L and ORAI2S) that both form functional CRAC channels when co-expressed with STIM1 in HEK293 cells, but not in RBL 2H3 cells, indicating cell-background dependence; ORAI2S shows strong Ca2+-dependent inactivation and exerts a dominant-negative effect on CRAC channel formation when co-expressed with STIM1 and ORAI1. |
Cloning of splice variants, Northern blot tissue expression, co-expression with STIM1 in HEK293 and RBL 2H3 cells, whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
17463004
|
| 2015 |
ORAI2 forms a hetero-oligomeric (likely hetero-tetramer) complex with ORAI1 in chondrocyte cells, as demonstrated by single-molecule TIRF imaging showing direct coupling; overexpression of ORAI2 decreases SOCE while knockdown increases SOCE, indicating ORAI2 reduces ORAI1 function within the heteromeric channel. |
siRNA knockdown and overexpression, fluorescence Ca2+ imaging, single-molecule total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy showing ORAI1-ORAI2 direct coupling |
Cell calcium |
High |
25769459
|
| 2017 |
ORAI2 forms heteromeric CRAC channels with ORAI1 in mouse T cells and attenuates CRAC channel function; deletion of Orai2 increases SOCE, while deletion of Orai1 reduces SOCE; combined deletion of Orai1 and Orai2 abolishes SOCE and strongly impairs T cell function in vitro and in vivo, including antiviral responses and T cell-mediated autoimmunity. |
Genetic deletion (Orai1-/-, Orai2-/-, Orai1/Orai2 double-KO mice), Ca2+ imaging, electrophysiology (CRAC current), co-immunoprecipitation/FRET for heteromeric channel formation, in vivo mouse models of colitis and graft-versus-host disease |
Nature communications |
High |
28294127
|
| 2017 |
Deletion of Orai2 in murine peritoneal mast cells augments endogenous CRAC currents, enhances Ca2+ rise triggered by IgE receptor or MAS-related GPCR stimulation, increases Ca2+-dependent degranulation, and intensifies mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis in vivo, demonstrating that Orai2 limits CRAC channel activity in mast cells. |
Orai2 gene knockout mouse, whole-cell patch-clamp (CRAC current density), Ca2+ imaging, degranulation assay, in vivo anaphylaxis model |
Cell calcium |
High |
29604961
|
| 2014 |
ORAI2 is localized on secretory granules (not exclusively plasma membrane) in RBL-2H3 mast cells; knockdown of Orai2 attenuates antigen-stimulated Ca2+ release from Ca2+ stores and inhibits exocytotic release, but does not affect thapsigargin-induced Ca2+ release, suggesting a role in antigen-specific Ca2+ mobilization from granules. |
Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence localization, siRNA knockdown, Ca2+ imaging, exocytosis assay in RBL-2H3 cells |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
25044118
|
| 2015 |
In proliferating (vs. contractile) pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, STIM2 and ORAI2 are upregulated and associated with increased store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), whereas contractile-state cells show increased voltage-dependent Ca2+ entry; knockdown/functional data indicate STIM2 and Orai2 upregulation drives phenotypic transition to a proliferative state. |
Quantitative PCR, Western blot, Ca2+ imaging (SOCE assay), siRNA knockdown in PASMC phenotype switch model |
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology |
Medium |
25673771
|
| 2019 |
ORAI2 is a central mediator of neuronal capacitative Ca2+ entry; Orai2-deficient neurons show significantly diminished Ca2+ signals induced by store depletion or oxygen/glucose deprivation, and Orai2-deficient mice are protected from ischemic neuronal death during acute stroke and ischemia/reperfusion. |
Genetic knockout mouse, Ca2+ imaging in primary neurons (store depletion and OGD), middle cerebral artery occlusion experimental stroke model |
Stroke |
High |
31551038
|
| 2015 |
ORAI2 expression is specifically upregulated at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle in brain capillary endothelial cells; at this phase, increased ORAI2 negatively modulates SOCE activity, and knockdown of ORAI2 at G2/M removes this SOCE decrease and partly attenuates cell proliferation. |
Cell synchronization by double thymidine blockage, qPCR and Western blot, siRNA knockdown, Ca2+ imaging (SOCE assay), cell proliferation assay |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
25748572
|
| 2016 |
ORAI2 contributes to SOCE in HL60 leukemia cells; Orai2 silencing significantly attenuates thapsigargin-induced SOCE, and combined silencing of Orai1 and Orai2 nearly abolishes SOCE; knockdown of Orai1 and Orai2 impairs HL60 cell migration in vitro, associated with impaired FAK tyrosine phosphorylation. |
siRNA knockdown, fluorescence Ca2+ imaging, transwell migration assay, Western blot for FAK phosphorylation |
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research |
Medium |
27865925
|
| 2020 |
ORAI2 mediates store-operated Ca2+ entry and promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, tumor formation and metastasis; mechanistically, ORAI2-mediated SOC activity activates PI3K/Akt signaling and enhances FAK-mediated MAPK/ERK activation, promoting focal adhesion disassembly at the rear edge of migrating cells. |
Gain- and loss-of-function (overexpression and siRNA/shRNA knockdown) in gastric cancer cell lines and xenograft mouse models; Ca2+ imaging, Western blot for PI3K/Akt and FAK/MAPK/ERK, focal adhesion assays |
Cancer research |
Medium |
33310726
|
| 2020 |
ORAI2 is the primary pore subunit mediating capacitative Ca2+ entry in murine neutrophils; ORAI2-deficient neutrophils show decreased (not increased) Ca2+ influx, contrasting with enhanced SOCE seen in other immune cell types lacking ORAI2; this decreased SOCE in ORAI2-deficient neutrophils is correlated with altered KCa3.1-mediated membrane potential regulation. |
Genetic KO mouse (Orai1-/-, Orai2-/-, double KO), Ca2+ imaging, patch-clamp, membrane potential measurements, neutrophil functional assays (phagocytosis, degranulation, ROS, leukotriene), in vivo staphylococcal infection model |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
32929002
|
| 2019 |
LRRK2 kinase activity negatively regulates ORAI2 expression in dendritic cells; LRRK2 deficiency increases ORAI2 expression (but not ORAI1 or ORAI3) and enhances DC migration; silencing ORAI2 markedly decreases DC migration without affecting maturation markers, whereas ORAI1 silencing affects both migration and maturation markers. |
Genetic KO (LRRK2-/- mice), pharmacological LRRK2 kinase inhibition, siRNA knockdown of ORAI1/2/3, Ca2+ imaging, transwell migration assay, flow cytometry for maturation markers |
FASEB journal |
Medium |
31166814
|
| 2021 |
ORAI2 amplitude of CRAC current (ICRAC) is sensitive to changes in intracellular pH similarly to ORAI1, but unlike ORAI1, fast Ca2+-dependent inactivation kinetics of ORAI2 are unaffected by acidic intracellular pH; ORAI3-mediated ICRAC shows no pH dependence. |
Whole-cell patch-clamp of HEK293T cells heterologously expressing ORAI isoforms with STIM1, intracellular pH manipulation, Orai1-Orai3 chimera domain-swap analysis |
The Journal of physiology |
High |
34877682
|
| 2022 |
ORAI2 negatively modulates SOCE in astrocytes; Orai2 knockdown or knockout increases SOCE and Orai1 expression, and augments production of prostaglandin E2 (via upregulated Ptges and Ptgs2) in TNFα/IL1α-stimulated astrocytes, demonstrating that ORAI2 restrains inflammatory PGE2 production in the CNS. |
siRNA knockdown and genetic KO (Orai2-KO) in primary astrocytes, Ca2+ imaging, qPCR and Western blot for Ptges/Ptgs2/Orai1, PGE2 ELISA |
Glia |
Medium |
35506586
|
| 2023 |
NSUN2-mediated m5C modification of ORAI2 mRNA increases its stability and expression; YBX1 acts as the 'reader' of this m5C modification site; upstream, fatty acids from omental adipocytes activate the AMPK pathway to upregulate E2F1, which promotes NSUN2 transcription, thereby driving ORAI2 expression and gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis. |
RNA bisulfite sequencing (m5C mapping), RIP (RNA immunoprecipitation) for NSUN2 and YBX1, mRNA stability assay, ChIP for E2F1 on NSUN2 promoter, functional colonization/metastasis assays |
Oncogene |
Medium |
37130916
|
| 2024 |
ORAI2 mediates a SOCE-dependent signaling axis (ORAI2/JNK/NFAT1) that drives TGF-β1-mediated fibrogenesis in irradiated salivary glands; inhibition of SOCE reduces fibrosis in an ORAI2-dependent manner, and pharmacological inhibition of NFAT1 restores saliva flow to ~85% of normal in irradiated mice. |
RNA sequencing of irradiated mouse salivary glands, SOCE inhibition (SKF96365, YM58483), siRNA/KO of ORAI2, Western blot for JNK/NFAT1/TGF-β1, in vivo irradiation model with pharmacological NFAT1 inhibition |
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics |
Medium |
39384103
|
| 2021 |
ORAI2 downregulation in human neuroglioma H4 cells significantly increases SOCE amplitude; in Aβ-secreting H4-APPswe cells, ORAI2 downregulation (increased SOCE) decreases Aβ42 accumulation, whereas SOCE inhibition increases Aβ42 accumulation, establishing that ORAI2 negatively regulates SOCE and thereby modulates amyloid-beta production. |
siRNA knockdown and overexpression, Ca2+ imaging (SOCE measurement), SOCE inhibitor (BTP2), Aβ42 ELISA in H4-APPswe cells |
International journal of molecular sciences |
Medium |
32722509
|