| 1998 |
CAPON (NOS1AP) was identified as a novel nNOS-associated protein that interacts with the nNOS PDZ domain through its C-terminus. CAPON competes with PSD95 for interaction with nNOS, and overexpression of CAPON results in loss of PSD95/nNOS complexes in transfected cells. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, transfection/overexpression in cells, competition binding assay |
Neuron |
High |
9459447
|
| 2000 |
CAPON (NOS1AP) selectively interacts with Dexras1, a brain-enriched Ras-family small G protein, forming a ternary complex with nNOS and CAPON that enhances NO-mediated activation of Dexras1. NMDA receptor-stimulated NO synthesis activates Dexras1 in cortical neurons, and this activation is selectively reduced in nNOS-knockout mice. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ternary complex reconstitution, cortical neuron experiments, nNOS-knockout mouse model |
Neuron |
High |
11086993
|
| 2002 |
CAPON (NOS1AP) interacts with synapsins I, II, and III through an N-terminal phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain interaction, forming a ternary complex comprising nNOS, CAPON, and synapsin I. Loss of synapsin I and II in double-knockout mice alters the subcellular localization of nNOS, demonstrating the functional importance of this complex for nNOS targeting to presynaptic sites. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, PTB domain binding assay, synapsin I/II double-knockout mouse localization studies |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
11867766
|
| 2008 |
CAPON (NOS1AP) protein is expressed in the heart, interacts with NOS1, and accelerates cardiac repolarization by inhibition of the L-type calcium channel in ventricular myocytes. |
Protein expression analysis (Western blot), co-immunoprecipitation, electrophysiology in isolated ventricular myocytes with CAPON overexpression |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
18337493
|
| 2009 |
NOS1AP (long isoform, NOS1AP-L) regulates dendrite outgrowth and branching in cultured hippocampal neurons. The middle region (amino acids 181–307), not the PDZ-binding or PTB domains, mediates this effect, and carboxypeptidase E (CPE) was identified as a binding partner for this middle region that mediates NOS1AP's effects on dendrite morphology. |
Overexpression/knockdown in cultured hippocampal neurons, NOS1AP deletion mutants, yeast two-hybrid screen, biochemical and cellular validation of CPE interaction |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience |
High |
19553464
|
| 2010 |
NOS1AP associates directly with Scribble through the NOS1AP PTB domain and the fourth PDZ domain of Scribble. Scribble bridges NOS1AP to a β-Pix/Git1/PAK complex. Overexpression of NOS1AP increases dendritic protrusions in a PTB domain-dependent manner, and both full-length NOS1AP and the PTB domain influence Rac activity. |
Proteomic screen, direct binding assay, co-immunoprecipitation, overexpression in neurons, Rac activity assay |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience |
High |
20357130
|
| 2011 |
NOS1AP forms a protein complex with SCRIB and VANGL1 along cellular protrusions in metastatic breast cancer cells. shRNA-mediated knockdown of NOS1AP slows breast cancer cell migration and prevents establishment of leading-trailing polarity; reduction of NOS1AP also enhances anchorage-independent growth. |
Mass spectrometry, confocal microscopy, shRNA knockdown, cell migration assay, anchorage-independent growth assay |
Oncogene |
Medium |
22179838
|
| 2013 |
NOS1AP interacts with p38MAPK-activating kinase MKK3. Excitotoxic stimulation induces recruitment of NOS1AP to nNOS in rat cortical neurons. Excitotoxic activation of p38MAPK and subsequent neuronal death are reduced by competing with the nNOS:NOS1AP interaction or by NOS1AP siRNA knockdown. A cell-permeable peptide competing for nNOS:NOS1AP interaction doubles surviving tissue in a rat neonatal hypoxia-ischemia model. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, cell-permeable competing peptide, in vivo rat hypoxia-ischemia model |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience |
High |
23658158
|
| 2014 |
Augmenting nNOS-CAPON interaction in mouse hippocampus by CAPON overexpression produces anxiogenic behaviors, while dissociating CAPON from nNOS by overexpressing truncated CAPON fragments or delivering Tat-CAPON-12C peptide produces anxiolytic effects. The mechanism involves Dexras1-ERK signaling downstream of nNOS-CAPON association. |
Viral overexpression in mouse hippocampus, behavioral assays (anxiety), chronic mild stress model, Dexras1-ERK signaling pathway analysis |
Nature medicine |
High |
25129479
|
| 2014 |
A noncoding polymorphism (rs7539120) within an enhancer of NOS1AP affects cardiac function by increasing NOS1AP transcript expression. NOS1AP localizes to cardiomyocyte intercalated discs, and overexpression of NOS1AP in cardiomyocytes alters cellular electrophysiology. |
Enhancer reporter assays, human genetic and molecular genetic assays, NOS1AP localization by cellular fractionation/immunostaining, cardiomyocyte electrophysiology with overexpression |
American journal of human genetics |
High |
24857694
|
| 2015 |
NOS1AP functionally associates with the transcriptional coactivator YAP. Silencing NOS1AP reduces phosphorylation of YAP and of the upstream kinase Lats1; conversely, NOS1AP expression promotes YAP and Lats1 phosphorylation, correlating with reduced TEAD activity and restricted cell proliferation. NOS1AP isoforms with a membrane-interacting PTB domain associate with Scribble and recognize acidic phospholipids. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (NOS1AP-YAP complex), siRNA silencing with YAP/Lats1 phosphorylation readout, TEAD reporter assay, cell proliferation assays |
Molecular and cellular biology |
Medium |
25918243
|
| 2015 |
The interaction of NOS1AP with nNOS is not mediated solely by the classical C-terminal PDZ motif as previously assumed. The PDZ motif of NOS1AP is neither sufficient nor necessary for binding nNOS as measured by multiple methods; instead, a novel internal ExF motif is required for interaction. Full-length NOS1AP forms an unusually stable heterodivalent interaction with nNOS through both the ExF motif and the PDZ ligand motif. |
Multiple binding assays (in vitro and cellular), domain mapping, mutagenesis of PDZ and ExF motifs, cortical neuron excitotoxicity assays |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience |
High |
25972165
|
| 2016 |
NOS1AP overexpression in hippocampal and cortical neurons causes highly altered spine morphology and excessive growth of filopodia-like protrusions. Interaction with the NOS-I PDZ domain (confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation) contributes to these effects on dendritic spine plasticity. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, overexpression of NOS1AP isoforms and deletion mutants in primary cultured neurons, Sholl analysis, spine morphology quantification |
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology |
Medium |
26861996
|
| 2017 |
The concerted action of the ExF motif and PDZ ligand motif of NOS1AP efficiently excludes an alternate ligand from the nNOS PDZ ligand-binding pocket. An additional structured element (denaturable) contributes to the interaction; its denaturation selectively prevents the concerted action of the two motifs, resulting in ~30-fold reduction in competition with alternate PDZ ligands despite only ~3-fold drop in overall binding affinity. |
In vitro binding competition assays, mutagenesis of ExF and PDZ motifs, denaturation experiments with binding affinity measurements |
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience |
Medium |
28360833
|
| 2018 |
TAT-GESV, a peptide inhibitor of the nNOS-NOS1AP complex, disrupts in vitro binding between nNOS and NOS1AP but not between nNOS and its upstream partner PSD95. Disruption of nNOS-NOS1AP interaction suppresses mechanical and cold allodynia in paclitaxel-induced and nerve ligation neuropathic pain models, and blocks paclitaxel-induced phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 (a p38 MAPK substrate). |
In vitro binding assay, cortical neuron excitotoxicity assay, intrathecal peptide administration in rodent pain models, p38 MAPK substrate phosphorylation measurement |
Pain |
Medium |
29319606
|
| 2018 |
Increased nNOS-CAPON interaction was detected after amyloid-β treatment in cultured neurons and in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Blocking nNOS-CAPON interaction rescued memory in 4-month-old APP/PS1 mice and ameliorated dendritic impairments. S-nitrosylation of Dexras1 and inhibition of the ERK-CREB-BDNF pathway were identified as downstream consequences of nNOS-CAPON interaction. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation assay, APP/PS1 mouse model, behavioral memory testing, dendritic spine analysis, Dexras1 S-nitrosylation measurement, ERK-CREB-BDNF pathway Western blot |
Aging cell |
Medium |
29577585
|
| 2019 |
CAPON (NOS1AP) was identified as a novel tau-binding protein by immunoprecipitation/LC-MS screening. CAPON overexpression in AppNL-G-F/human-tau knock-in mice produced significant hippocampal atrophy, caspase3-dependent neuronal death, and higher levels of phosphorylated, oligomerized, and insoluble tau. CAPON deficiency ameliorated AD-related pathological phenotypes in a tauopathy model. |
Immunoprecipitation/LC-MS (tau interactome screen), AAV overexpression in transgenic mice, histopathology, tau biochemical fractionation, CAPON knockout in tauopathy model |
Nature communications |
High |
31160584
|
| 2019 |
Stroke increases nNOS-CAPON association in the peri-infarct cortex during the delayed period. Inhibiting the ischemia-induced nNOS-CAPON association promotes functional recovery (reduced foot faults, forelimb asymmetry), facilitates dendritic remodeling (increased spine density, branching), and enhances synaptic transmission (increased mEPSC frequency), but does not affect neuronal loss or infarct size. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, AAV-mediated NOS1AP fragment overexpression, Tat-CAPON-12C and ZLc-002 peptide/small molecule in photothrombotic stroke and tMCAO mouse models, behavioral assessment, Golgi staining, electrophysiology |
Stroke |
High |
30727847
|
| 2019 |
CAPON-immunoreactivity is increased in the DLPFC and anterior cingulate cortex in MDD patients, accompanied by upregulation of spinophilin and downregulation of synapsin. CAPON colocalizes with spinophilin in the DLPFC of MDD patients and interacts with spinophilin in human brain. Viral-mediated CAPON downregulation in mouse medial PFC reverses depression-like behaviors in CUMS mice. |
Immunohistochemistry in postmortem brain, co-immunoprecipitation (CAPON-spinophilin interaction in human brain), AAV-mediated knockdown in mouse PFC with behavioral assays |
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) |
Medium |
30307500
|
| 2009 |
CAPON (NOS1AP) localizes with NOS1 in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) fractions; co-immunoprecipitation confirmed CAPON interaction with mu and alpha isoforms of NOS1 in whole heart lysates. Following myocardial infarction, CAPON and NOS1 redistribute to caveolae and colocalize with caveolin-3. In NOS1-deficient cardiomyocytes, CAPON abundance in the SR is reduced. CAPON also associates with xanthine oxidoreductase and plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) in infarcted hearts. |
Subcellular fractionation, co-immunoprecipitation, dual immuno-gold electron microscopy, NOS1-knockout mice |
Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry |
High |
19800018
|
| 2011 |
In chronic heart failure (CHF), CAPON expression is augmented in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), concomitant with decreased nNOS, disconnecting the NR1-nNOS link and contributing to enhanced sympathoexcitation. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist losartan treatment normalizes CAPON and nNOS expression and reduces renal sympathetic nerve activity. Ang II directly increases CAPON expression in NG108 neuronal cells, reversed by AT1 blockade. |
Western blot in PVN of CHF rats, renal sympathetic nerve activity recording, losartan pharmacological intervention, Ang II treatment in neuronal cell culture |
Cardiovascular research |
Medium |
21831995
|
| 2015 |
CAPON expression is significantly reduced in stellate ganglia of spontaneously hypertensive rats before development of hypertension. Targeted upregulation of CAPON using a noradrenergic-specific viral vector significantly upregulated NOS1 activity and cGMP, reduced neuronal calcium current (ICa) and intracellular calcium transients, and reduced norepinephrine release from atria. These effects were reversed by NOS1 inhibition. |
Viral vector (Ad.PRSx8-mCherry/CAPON) overexpression in stellate ganglia neurons, patch-clamp electrophysiology, calcium imaging, NOS1 activity assay, cGMP measurement, 3H-norepinephrine release assay |
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) |
High |
25916729
|
| 2015 |
O-GlcNAc modification occurs on NOS1AP at Ser47, Ser183, Ser204, Ser269, and Ser271 (identified by mass spectrometry). O-GlcNAc modification levels of NOS1AP increase during glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis. Mutation of O-GlcNAc sites decreases the interaction of NOS1AP with nNOS. Decreasing NOS1AP O-GlcNAc modification results in more severe neuronal apoptosis. |
Mass spectrometry (O-GlcNAc site identification), site-directed mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation, neuronal apoptosis assay |
International journal of molecular sciences |
Medium |
26197318
|
| 2021 |
NOS1AP minor alleles (rs16847548 and rs4657139) are associated with reduced NOS1 expression, reduced NOS1AP-NOS1 co-localization in hiPSC-CMs from symptomatic LQT1 patients, and functional NOS1 loss of function (prolonged APD, enhanced ICaL, and perturbed calcium handling). In guinea pig cardiomyocytes, NOS1 inhibition prolonged APD, enhanced ICaL and INaL, slowed Ca2+ decay, and induced delayed afterdepolarizations, establishing a mechanistic link between NOS1AP variants and arrhythmia phenotype. |
hiPSC-CMs from LQT1 patients with different NOS1AP genotypes, guinea pig cardiomyocyte pharmacological NOS1 inhibition, patch-clamp electrophysiology, calcium imaging, action potential clamp |
Cardiovascular research |
High |
32061134
|
| 2021 |
Hippocampal overexpression of NOS1AP markedly increased the interaction of nNOS with PSD-95, reduced dendritic spine density, and changed dendritic spine morphology at CA1 synapses. This produced behavioral impairment in social memory and spatial working memory. |
AAV overexpression in mouse hippocampus, co-immunoprecipitation (nNOS-PSD-95 interaction), Golgi staining and spine morphology analysis, behavioral testing |
EBioMedicine |
Medium |
34455393
|
| 2022 |
NOS1AP mRNA is a direct TDP-43 target (identified by transcriptome analysis). TDP-43-mediated downregulation of NOS1AP expression strongly affects NMDA-receptor signaling in primary mouse cortical neurons. In Drosophila, modulation of NOS1AP alone can rescue TDP-43 pathology. |
Transcriptome analysis, Drosophila genetic rescue experiments, primary mouse cortical neuron NMDA-receptor signaling assays |
Brain communications |
Medium |
36267332
|
| 2022 |
NOS1AP interacts with α-synuclein and forms detergent-resistant non-amyloid aggregates when overproduced. This interaction was demonstrated in yeast and mammalian cells, suggesting NOS1AP may be implicated in synucleinopathies. |
Bioinformatics aggregation prediction, overexpression in yeast and mammalian cells (detergent-resistant aggregate detection), co-aggregation assay with α-synuclein |
International journal of molecular sciences |
Low |
36012368
|
| 2022 |
Cardiac-specific overexpression of Nos1ap in transgenic mice leads to increased L-type calcium channel nitrosylation (S-nitrosylation via NOS1), shortening of APD90, decreased QT interval duration, increased susceptibility to ventricular tachycardias, and reduced survival. Overexpression did not alter cGMP or ROS levels. |
Conditional transgenic mouse model with cardiac-specific Nos1ap overexpression, whole-cell patch-clamp, optical mapping, ECG/telemetry, immunochemistry for nitrosylation |
FEBS open bio |
Medium |
36352324
|
| 2014 |
NOS1AP enhancer polymorphism rs7539120 increases NOS1AP transcript expression, and NOS1AP localizes to cardiomyocyte intercalated discs. Overexpression in cardiomyocytes leads to altered cellular electrophysiology, supporting a role for NOS1AP in cardiac electrical conductance and QT interval regulation through propagation defects. |
Enhancer reporter assay, immunostaining for intercalated disc localization, cardiomyocyte electrophysiology with NOS1AP overexpression |
American journal of human genetics |
Medium |
24857694
|
| 2010 |
CAPON (NOS1AP) undergoes nuclear translocation in astrocytes stimulated with NO donors (SNP, GSNO) or NMDA receptor agonist; it localizes predominantly in the cytoplasm under basal conditions. nNOS co-localizes with CAPON in the nucleus of stimulated astrocytes. NMDA receptor antagonist MK801 reverses the nuclear localization of CAPON induced by SNP. |
Immunocytochemistry, real-time PCR, Western blot, pharmacological manipulation (NO donors, MK801) |
Neurochemistry international |
Low |
20064573
|
| 2016 |
NOS1AP silencing in cardiac myocytes reduces electrically evoked calcium transient amplitude and degree of S-nitrosylation. NOS1AP shows high co-localization with the L-type calcium channel and inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir3.1, low co-localization with RyR2, and no co-localization with connexin 43. NOS1AP is upregulated in dystrophic cardiomyopathy mice. |
siRNA knockdown, calcium imaging, S-nitrosylation assay, confocal co-localization microscopy, immunofluorescence/Western blot in dystrophic cardiomyopathy model |
International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology |
Medium |
24665357
|
| 2016 |
Nos1ap knockout mice develop normally but are highly susceptible to oxidative stress (doxorubicin)-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias, QTc prolongation, impaired cardiac function (reduced fractional shortening), and increased mortality. Ex vivo optical mapping showed APD90 is prolonged at baseline and further lengthened by doxorubicin in Nos1ap-/- mice. Calcium transient amplitude is reduced in Nos1ap-/- cardiomyocytes after doxorubicin, and antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine rescued these phenotypes. |
Nos1ap knockout mouse model, ECG/telemetry, echocardiography, ex vivo optical mapping, calcium imaging in isolated cardiomyocytes, pharmacological rescue with antioxidant |
International heart journal |
Medium |
27170476
|
| 2022 |
Disruption of NOS1AP/nNOS interaction in the medial prefrontal cortex (by AAV overexpression of NOS1AP, NOS1AP396-503, or nNOS1-133) impairs social recognition and spatial working memory capacity in mice, without affecting anxiety, social interaction, or spatial reference memory. |
Stereotaxic AAV injection in mouse mPFC, comprehensive behavioral battery, genetic dissection of nNOS/NOS1AP/PSD-95 interactions |
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology |
Medium |
36513018
|