Affinage

MYF5

Myogenic factor 5 · UniProt P13349

Length
255 aa
Mass
28.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 43 papers cited in narrative 43 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/8 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

MYF5 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that acts as one of the earliest determinants of skeletal muscle lineage, heterodimerizing with the ubiquitous E-protein E12 to achieve high-affinity, sequence-specific E-box binding and muscle-specific transactivation through two cooperative N- and C-terminal activation domains that function together with the DNA-binding region (PMID:2385294, PMID:1582413). Gain-of-function expression of MYF5 is sufficient to establish the myoblast phenotype in mesenchymal cells and to drive ectopic skeletal myogenesis in vivo (PMID:8413206, PMID:8187980). Genetically, MYF5 defines a determination pathway parallel to Pax3 that acts upstream of MyoD, with Pax3 and Myf5 doubly required for body muscle formation and Mrf4 able to substitute as a determination gene in their combined absence (PMID:9094721, PMID:15386014); the two factors also pattern distinct muscle compartments and lineages, MYF5 being required for epaxial myogenesis (PMID:9428409, PMID:8617206). Despite binding the same genomic sites as MyoD, MYF5 induces histone acetylation without recruiting RNA Pol II or robustly activating transcription, marking an initial chromatin-priming step in lineage specification that precedes full activation by MyoD (PMID:26906734). MYF5 transcription is controlled by multiple dispersed, compartment-specific enhancers integrating Shh/Gli, Wnt/β-catenin, Pax3/Dmrt2, Six1/4, and Zic signaling (PMID:10934019, PMID:11782449, PMID:16936075, PMID:17592144, PMID:20368965, PMID:24036067). Its protein output is gated post-translationally and post-transcriptionally: MYF5 undergoes cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation and mitotic proteasomal degradation (PMID:9425159), and in quiescent satellite cells its mRNA is sequestered in mRNP granules with miR-31 to suppress translation until activation (PMID:22770245). Beyond its transcriptional role, MYF5 is itself an RNA-binding protein that binds Ccnd1 mRNA and enhances CCND1 translation to support myoblast proliferation (PMID:26819411). MYF5 marks committed quiescent satellite cells and is required, redundantly with MyoD, for muscle regeneration (PMID:11121437, PMID:29478898).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 39 steps
  1. 1990 High

    Established the biochemical basis of MYF5 function by showing it carries an intrinsic activation domain separable from its HLH motif and requires heterodimerization with E12 for high-affinity DNA binding and muscle-specific transactivation.

    Evidence GAL4-fusion transactivation assays and heterodimerization with E12

    PMID:2385294

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not map the full set of in vivo target genes
    • E-protein partner choice in vivo not addressed
  2. 1992 High

    Resolved the structure-function logic of MYF5, defining the basic region and HLH helices for DNA binding/dimerization and two cooperative terminal activation domains both required for activity.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis and chimeric GAL4-Myf5 reporter assays

    PMID:1582413

    Open questions at the time
    • Coactivator partners of the activation domains not identified
    • No structural model of the activation domains
  3. 1993 High

    Showed MYF5 transcriptional output is modulated post-translationally, as PKA phosphorylation and cAMP repress bHLH-driven muscle gene activation without altering DNA binding, identifying a signaling brake on differentiation.

    Evidence In vitro PKA kinase assay plus reporter co-transfection with PKA manipulation

    PMID:8387507

    Open questions at the time
    • PKA phosphorylation sites on MYF5 not mapped
    • Mechanism of post-DNA-binding inhibition unresolved
  4. 1993 Medium

    Demonstrated MYF5 can transactivate a specific muscle structural gene (desmin) through E-box elements, linking the factor to direct downstream target regulation.

    Evidence Co-transfection desmin-CAT reporter and EMSA in 10T1/2 cells

    PMID:8382796

    Open questions at the time
    • Single target gene tested for MYF5 specifically
    • In vivo relevance not established
  5. 1993 Medium

    Established that MYF5 alone establishes the myoblast phenotype without cross-activating other MRFs or autoactivating, indicating it acts as a committed determinant rather than through an MRF amplification loop in this context.

    Evidence Stable transfection of C3H10T1/2 cells with MRF cDNAs and RT-PCR

    PMID:8187980

    Open questions at the time
    • Single cell system
    • May not reflect cross-regulation in embryonic context
  6. 1993 Medium

    Identified retinoid signaling as a transcriptional repressor of Myf5, showing 9-cis-RA via RXR lowers Myf5 mRNA without affecting stability.

    Evidence Northern blot, mRNA stability and cycloheximide assays with receptor-selective retinoids in myoblast lines

    PMID:8404668

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct RA-responsive element not mapped
    • Single-lab cell-line data
  7. 1993 High

    Provided in vivo proof of MYF5's myogenic determination capacity by showing ectopic expression converts brain and heart to skeletal muscle and activates endogenous determination genes.

    Evidence Transgenic mouse overexpression with histology and in situ hybridization

    PMID:8413206

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of cross-lineage conversion not detailed
    • Direct vs indirect target activation not separated
  8. 1996 High

    Defined MYF5 and MyoD as marking distinct, independently committed muscle lineages rather than sequential states of one cell.

    Evidence Selective cell ablation in differentiating ES cells with lineage analysis

    PMID:8617206

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of lineage divergence unknown
    • ES-cell model may not capture all embryonic lineages
  9. 1996 High

    Showed functional redundancy between Myf5 and myogenin for rib formation by rescuing Myf5-null defects with myogenin knocked into the Myf5 locus.

    Evidence Homologous recombination knock-in and phenotypic rescue in mice

    PMID:8587605

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not address muscle-specific roles distinguishing the factors
    • Locus context vs protein function not fully separated
  10. 1997 High

    Established the epistatic hierarchy by showing MyoD activation requires either Pax3 or Myf5, defining two parallel upstream determination pathways with MyoD downstream.

    Evidence Pax3/Myf5 double-mutant mouse epistasis with lacZ lineage tracing

    PMID:9094721 PMID:9094722

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular link from Pax3 to Myf5 not yet defined here
    • Compartment-specific contributions not detailed
  11. 1997 High

    Showed Myf5 and MyoD govern distinct muscle compartments, with Myf5 specifically required for epaxial and MyoD for hypaxial/limb myogenesis.

    Evidence Knockout mouse analysis with multiple muscle markers

    PMID:9428409

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanistic basis of compartment specificity unresolved
    • Does not address regeneration roles
  12. 1998 High

    Discovered cell cycle coupling of MYF5 protein levels, identifying it as the first transcription factor subject to phosphorylation-dependent mitotic proteolysis.

    Evidence Immunoblotting of synchronized cultures with nocodazole block and immunolocalization

    PMID:9425159 PMID:9744876

    Open questions at the time
    • Responsible kinase and E3 ligase not identified
    • Phosphodegron not mapped
  13. 1998 High

    Demonstrated differential upstream signaling by showing distinct Wnt ligands, and RhoA/SRF, selectively regulate Myf5 versus MyoD.

    Evidence Paraxial mesoderm explants with Wnt-expressing cells, genetic reporters, and RhoA/SRF perturbation

    PMID:9658178 PMID:9753670

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct Myf5 cis-elements for these pathways not yet defined here
    • Receptor specificity not fully resolved
  14. 1999 High

    Identified Myf5 as the direct epaxial target of Shh, placing hedgehog signaling at the top of epaxial muscle induction.

    Evidence Shh-null mice and presomitic mesoderm explants with recombinant Shh, including Myf5-null crosses

    PMID:10457014

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct cis-element not yet mapped at this stage
    • Region-specific dependence not generalized
  15. 2000 High

    Revealed modular long-range control of Myf5 through multiple dispersed compartment-specific enhancers across the MRF4/Myf5 locus.

    Evidence Transgenic lacZ reporter analysis with systematic upstream deletions

    PMID:10934019

    Open questions at the time
    • Trans-acting factors for each enhancer not all identified at this stage
    • Enhancer-promoter interaction logic not yet resolved
  16. 2000 High

    Established MYF5 as a marker of committed, quiescent CD34+ satellite cells, linking the factor to the adult muscle stem cell compartment.

    Evidence Isolated myofibers, Myf5-nlacZ reporter mice, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry

    PMID:11121437

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional role of MYF5 in quiescence not addressed here
    • Does not explain how protein is restrained in quiescence
  17. 2000 High

    Showed Myf5 is regulated post-transcriptionally in neurons, where mRNA is correctly spliced but protein is absent, explaining the absence of myogenic conversion in brain.

    Evidence Protein and mRNA detection in brain neurons with Myf5-nlacZ reporter and retrograde labeling

    PMID:10603349 PMID:8575308

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular machinery blocking translation/stability in neurons not identified
    • Whether this overlaps the satellite cell mechanism unknown
  18. 2001 High

    Positioned Notch signaling as acting between the Myf5 and MyoD steps, blocking progression of Myf5+ myoblasts to the MyoD stage without altering Myf5 expression.

    Evidence Retroviral Delta1 misexpression in chick limb with in situ hybridization

    PMID:11060246

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct molecular targets of Notch at this transition not defined
    • Mammalian validation not in this study
  19. 2002 High

    Mapped a direct Gli-binding site in the Myf5 epaxial enhancer required for Shh-dependent activation, converting the Shh dependence into a defined cis-regulatory mechanism.

    Evidence Transgenic and luciferase reporters with Gli-site mutagenesis in Shh-null embryos

    PMID:11782449

    Open questions at the time
    • Cooperating factors at the enhancer not all defined here
    • Other enhancers' direct inputs not addressed
  20. 2003 High

    Placed p300 HAT activity upstream of Myf5 induction, showing histone acetylation is specifically required for activating the determination gene.

    Evidence Allelic series of p300/CBP knockout and HAT-dead mice and ES cells with RT-PCR and immunostaining

    PMID:14517256

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct recruitment of p300 to the Myf5 locus not demonstrated
    • CBP/p300 nonredundancy mechanism unresolved
  21. 2003 Low

    Linked Myf5 nuclear translocation to TGF-β/Smad-driven contractile phenotype switching in pericytes, antagonized by FGF-2, suggesting a context outside classical myogenesis.

    Evidence RT-PCR, immunoprecipitation, EMSA and immunofluorescence in primary retinal pericytes

    PMID:14578427

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-lab Co-IP/immunofluorescence without orthogonal validation
    • Direct role of MYF5 in the phenotype switch not established
    • Physiological significance unclear
  22. 2004 High

    Revised the determination hierarchy by showing Mrf4 can confer muscle identity when both Myf5 and MyoD are absent, placing Mrf4 alongside Myf5 upstream of MyoD.

    Evidence Allelic series of Myf5 mutants and Myf5:MyoD double-null mice with histology

    PMID:15386014

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of each determination gene by lineage unresolved
    • Adult relevance addressed separately
  23. 2006 High

    Defined direct Wnt/β-catenin control of Myf5 through Tcf/Lef sites at the epaxial enhancer and showed synergy with the Shh/Gli pathway.

    Evidence In vivo Tcf/Lef site mutagenesis, β-catenin gain/loss-of-function, Frizzled knockdown and reporters

    PMID:16936075

    Open questions at the time
    • Integration with other enhancer inputs not fully mapped
    • Quantitative contribution vs Shh not resolved
  24. 2007 High

    Identified Six1/Six4 as direct regulators of Myf5 in limb myogenesis through binding a distal limb enhancer.

    Evidence EMSA, in vivo ChIP, enhancer mutagenesis and Six1/Six4 mutant mouse analysis

    PMID:17592144

    Open questions at the time
    • Cooperating limb factors not all defined
    • Relationship to Pax3 input at limb not resolved
  25. 2007 High

    Defined a role for Myf5 in adult muscle regeneration, with Myf5-null muscle showing impaired regeneration, fibrosis, adipocyte accumulation and impaired myoblast proliferation.

    Evidence Myf5-null freeze-injury model with histology and in vitro proliferation assays

    PMID:17961534

    Open questions at the time
    • Distinct from MyoD-redundant requirement not yet separated here
    • Molecular mediators of the proliferation defect unidentified at this stage
  26. 2008 High

    Demonstrated by lineage tracing and ablation that a Myf5-independent MyoD lineage can sustain myogenesis, refining the two-lineage model and showing Myf5-lineage contribution to ribs.

    Evidence Myf5-Cre conditional ablation and Cre-dependent lineage tracing

    PMID:18331721

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular determinants of the alternative lineage unknown
    • Functional equivalence of the two lineages unresolved
  27. 2008 High

    Defined a complex enhancer-promoter equilibrium mechanism with transcription balancing/cryptic promoter sequences governing the dynamic Mrf4/Myf5 expression patterns.

    Evidence Transgenic BAC/YAC reporter series with enhancer-promoter composition manipulation

    PMID:18198342

    Open questions at the time
    • Chromatin architecture mediating these equilibria not resolved
    • Trans factors enforcing balancing not identified
  28. 2009 Medium

    Linked DUX4c to MYF5 protein stabilization and a proliferative, differentiation-inhibited myoblast state via physical interaction.

    Evidence Western blot, DNA-binding assay and single co-immunoprecipitation with overexpression in human myoblasts

    PMID:19829708

    Open questions at the time
    • Single Co-IP without reciprocal validation
    • Mechanism of stabilization not defined
  29. 2010 High

    Defined a Pax3→Dmrt2→Myf5 cascade in which Dmrt2 directly binds and transactivates the Myf5 epaxial enhancer, providing a molecular link from Pax3 to Myf5.

    Evidence EMSA, ChIP, transgenic enhancer analysis and conditional overexpression in mice

    PMID:20368965

    Open questions at the time
    • How this cascade integrates with Shh/Wnt inputs not fully resolved
    • Temporal ordering relative to other enhancer factors unclear
  30. 2011 High

    Showed Zic1/Zic2 potentiate Gli-dependent Myf5 activation, with Zic2 forming complexes with Gli2, integrating multiple dermomyotome inputs at the epaxial enhancer.

    Evidence In situ hybridization, reporter assays, co-immunoprecipitation and Zic2 mutant mouse analysis

    PMID:21211521

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry/architecture of the Zic-Gli complex unknown
    • Quantitative enhancer contribution not resolved
  31. 2012 High

    Established a translational control mechanism in quiescent satellite cells, where Myf5 mRNA is sequestered in mRNP granules with miR-31 and released upon activation, explaining MYF5 protein restraint despite mRNA presence.

    Evidence RNA immunoprecipitation, FISH, miR-31 manipulation, in vitro translation and in vivo regeneration

    PMID:22770245

    Open questions at the time
    • Full granule composition and assembly factors not defined
    • Whether neuronal silencing uses the same machinery unknown
  32. 2012 High

    Defined the Myf5 lineage as a precursor source for adipocytes, showing PTEN/PI3K signaling controls Myf5+ adipocyte expansion and that Myf5+ precursors yield brown and some white adipocytes.

    Evidence Myf5-Cre conditional Pten knockout with lineage tracing and fat depot analysis

    PMID:22940198

    Open questions at the time
    • Role of MYF5 protein itself (vs lineage marking) in adipogenesis not addressed
    • Mechanism of lineage bifurcation unknown
  33. 2013 Medium

    Connected Myf5 locus repression to nuclear lamina positioning, with emerin and HDAC3 required for lamina tethering before activation and relocation to nucleoplasm upon differentiation.

    Evidence ChIP, FISH for nuclear position, emerin/HDAC3 knockdown and HDAC3 catalytic activation

    PMID:24062260

    Open questions at the time
    • Causality between positioning and expression not fully separated
    • Single-lab data
  34. 2013 High

    Showed Pax3 synergizes with Gli2 and Zic1 at the Myf5 epaxial enhancer and a novel promoter homeodomain motif, integrating the determination inputs onto endogenous Myf5.

    Evidence Transactivation reporters with domain mutagenesis and ChIP at endogenous Myf5 in 10T1/2 cells

    PMID:24036067

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo requirement of the promoter motif not established
    • Order of factor assembly unresolved
  35. 2016 High

    Distinguished MYF5 from MyoD mechanistically by genome-wide ChIP-seq, showing MYF5 induces histone acetylation without Pol II recruitment or robust transcription, defining a chromatin-priming role preceding MyoD activation.

    Evidence ChIP-seq for MYF5, MyoD, histone marks and Pol II in myoblasts

    PMID:26906734

    Open questions at the time
    • Coactivators mediating MYF5 acetylation without activation not identified
    • How priming is later read by MyoD unresolved
  36. 2016 High

    Uncovered a non-transcriptional function of MYF5 as an RNA-binding protein that binds Ccnd1 mRNA and promotes CCND1 translation to support myoblast proliferation.

    Evidence RIP, biotin-RNA pulldown, UV crosslinking, EMSA and CCND1 rescue experiments

    PMID:26819411

    Open questions at the time
    • RNA-binding domain/motif on MYF5 not mapped
    • Full mRNA target set incompletely defined
  37. 2018 High

    Established an absolute, redundant requirement for MyoD or Myf5 in muscle regeneration, with double-knockout satellite cells maintained but unable to differentiate after injury.

    Evidence Conditional MyoD/Myf5 double knockout in satellite cells with injury model and lineage tracing

    PMID:29478898

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular events that stabilize myogenic identity not detailed
    • Individual contributions during regeneration not separated
  38. 2018 Medium

    Identified SNAIL as a repressor of MYF5 in rhabdomyosarcoma, acting through an HDAC1/2 complex, linking MYF5 silencing to a tumor differentiation block.

    Evidence ChIP at MYF5 promoter, SNAIL knockdown, Co-IP of SNAIL-HDAC1/2 and xenograft model

    PMID:29844345

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-lab characterization
    • Direct vs indirect repression in normal myogenesis not established
  39. 2019 Medium

    Implicated MLL1-mediated H3K4me3 in Myf5 promoter activation, linking this epigenetic mark to satellite cell proliferation and muscle repair.

    Evidence ChIP for H3K4me3, MLL1 knockdown, cell cycle analysis and cardiotoxin injury model

    PMID:31840352

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct MLL1 recruitment mechanism to Myf5 not defined
    • Single-lab data

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How MYF5 acetylates muscle gene chromatin without activating transcription, and how this priming is subsequently decoded by MyoD to confer robust activation, remains unresolved.
  • Coactivators/HATs recruited by MYF5 unidentified
  • Molecular handoff from MYF5 priming to MyoD activation undefined
  • MYF5 phosphodegron, responsible kinase and E3 ligase unmapped

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 5 GO:0003677 DNA binding 3 GO:0003723 RNA binding 1
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 5 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 3 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 2
Partners
DUX4CE12GLI2SNAILZIC2

Evidence

Reading pass · 43 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1990 MYF5 contains an intrinsic transcriptional activation domain distinct from its helix-loop-helix (HLH) motif, located predominantly in the C-terminal half of the protein. High-affinity, sequence-specific DNA binding requires hetero-oligomeric association with the ubiquitous HLH protein E12 to confer muscle-specific transactivation. GAL4-fusion transactivation assay with reporter plasmid; heterodimerization with E12 Nature High 2385294
1992 Site-directed mutagenesis of MYF5 revealed that two clusters of basic amino acids in the conserved basic region and two amphipathic helices in the HLH domain are essential for sequence-specific DNA binding and hetero-oligomerization, respectively. Transcriptional activation requires two additional cooperative domains in the amino- and carboxyl-termini; deletion of either abolishes activity. Dimerization with E12 increases both DNA-binding affinity and transactivation independently of DNA binding. Muscle-specific transactivation requires collaboration of the two activation domains together with the DNA-binding region. Site-directed mutagenesis; chimeric GAL4-Myf5 fusion reporter assays; co-transfection transactivation assays The EMBO journal High 1582413
1993 PKA phosphorylates MYF5 and MyoD in vitro but does not affect their DNA-binding ability. Nevertheless, elevated cAMP/PKA represses the transcriptional activation of muscle-specific genes by MYF5 and MyoD through the basic HLH domain and E-box motif, acting post-translationally at a step after DNA binding, specifically inhibiting myogenic bHLH proteins but not ubiquitous HLH proteins E12/E47. In vitro PKA phosphorylation assay; reporter co-transfection; dominant-negative and overexpression of PKA catalytic subunit The Journal of biological chemistry High 8387507
1993 All four MRFs including MYF5 can transactivate the mouse desmin gene through E-box elements in its promoter and enhancer, as demonstrated by co-transfection of each factor with desmin-CAT constructs into 10T1/2 cells. Co-transfection reporter assay (desmin-CAT); gel electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) Nucleic acids research Medium 8382796
1993 Ectopic expression of bovine MYF5 (bmyf) in transgenic mice under a viral promoter caused ectopic skeletal muscle differentiation in brain and heart, activating endogenous skeletal myogenic determination genes, demonstrating that MYF5 can initiate myogenic differentiation in vivo. Transgenic mouse overexpression; histology; in situ hybridization; immunohistochemistry Molecular and cellular biology High 8413206
1994 MYF5 alone (without MyoD, myogenin, or MRF4) is sufficient to establish and maintain the myoblast phenotype in C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal cells, but cross-activation of other endogenous MRF genes does not occur at the myoblast stage in these cells; autoactivation of the Myf5 gene also does not occur. Stable transfection of C3H10T1/2 cells with MRF cDNAs; RT-PCR; phenotypic characterization Differentiation; research in biological diversity Medium 8187980
1995 MYF5 expression is restricted to a subset of subdomains in the embryonic brain (mesencephalon and secondary prosencephalon), where it functions as an axonal marker but does not cause myogenic conversion, as Myf5 protein is absent in neurons despite correct mRNA splicing, indicating post-transcriptional regulation of Myf5 specifically in neurons. Gene-targeted nlacZ knock-in mouse; beta-galactosidase reporter expression; immunofluorescence; immunoblotting; RT-PCR Development (Cambridge, England) High 8575308
1997 Genetic epistasis experiments using Pax-3 (splotch) and Myf-5 double homozygous mutant mice showed complete absence of body muscles not seen in individual mutants, because MyoD activation depends on either Pax-3 or Myf-5. Therefore Pax-3 and Myf-5 define two distinct upstream myogenic pathways and MyoD acts genetically downstream of both in the body. Genetic epistasis using double homozygous mutant mice (Pax3/Myf5); lacZ reporter for lineage tracing; histology Cell High 9094721
1997 Ectopic Pax-3 retroviral infection in embryonic tissues is sufficient to induce expression of MyoD, Myf-5, and myogenin in paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm and the neural tube in the absence of inducing tissues, placing Pax-3 upstream of both MYF5 and MyoD. Retroviral infection of chick embryo explants; in situ hybridization Cell High 9094722
1997 Myf-5 and MyoD define development of distinct muscle compartments: Myf5(-/-) embryos showed delayed epaxial (paraspinal/intercostal) but normal limb muscle development, while MyoD(-/-) embryos showed delayed limb but normal epaxial muscle development, indicating that Myf-5 is specifically required for epaxial and MyoD for hypaxial myogenesis. Knockout mouse analysis; immunohistochemistry; in situ hybridization for multiple muscle markers Development (Cambridge, England) High 9428409
1996 Myf-5 and MyoD are not expressed in the same muscle precursor cell but rather determine different muscle cell lineages arising from independently committed stem cell populations. Selective ablation of Myf5-expressing precursors from differentiating ES cells does not prevent MyoD-dependent muscle differentiation, and early Myf5-progenitors do not develop into later MyoD cells even when Myf5 is inactivated. Selective cell ablation in differentiating ES cells; lineage analysis; immunofluorescence The EMBO journal High 8617206
1996 Targeted knock-in of myogenin cDNA into the Myf5 locus (replacing Myf5 function) rescued rib cage defects and viability in Myf5-null mice, demonstrating functional redundancy of Myf5 and myogenin for rib formation. Homologous recombination knock-in mouse; phenotypic rescue analysis Nature High 8587605
1998 Wnt1 (from dorsal neural tube) preferentially activates Myf5, while Wnt7a (from dorsal ectoderm) preferentially activates MyoD in paraxial mesoderm explants, demonstrating that different Wnt molecules activate myogenesis through distinct pathways acting on MYF5 and MyoD differentially. Paraxial mesoderm explant culture with Wnt-expressing cells; lacZ reporter for Myf5 (Myf5-nlacZ mice); in situ hybridization Development (Cambridge, England) High 9753670
1998 RhoA GTPase and serum response factor (SRF) selectively control MyoD expression without affecting Myf5 expression in mouse myoblasts. Blocking RhoA activity or inactivating SRF extinguishes MyoD but not Myf5, demonstrating that MyoD and Myf5 are regulated by different upstream signaling cascades. Dominant-negative RhoA; C3-transferase; lovastatin treatment; SRF inactivation; immunoblot; promoter-reporter assay Molecular biology of the cell High 9658178
1998 MYF5 protein undergoes cell cycle-regulated expression in proliferating myoblasts: it is high in G0, decreases during G1, reappears at end of G1 and is stable until mitosis. Myf5 is proteolytically degraded in a phosphorylation-dependent manner specifically in mitotic cells (G2/M), representing the first transcription factor shown to undergo cell cycle-regulated degradation. Immunoblotting of synchronized cultures; nocodazole mitotic block; immunocytolocalization; cell cycle analysis The Journal of cell biology High 9425159
1998 In proliferating C2 myoblasts, MyoD and Myf-5 expression patterns are mutually exclusive during differentiation. Cell cycle analysis showed MYF5 protein is high in G0 and S/G2/M but falls in G1, while MyoD peaks in mid-G1. High Myf5 (low MyoD) correlates with failure to differentiate, and high MyoD (low Myf5) correlates with entry into differentiation. Immunofluorescence; cell synchronization; immunoblot; isolation of undifferentiated subpopulations The Journal of cell biology High 9744876
1999 Sonic hedgehog (Shh) has an essential inductive function for early activation of Myf5 (and MyoD) specifically in epaxial somite cells in the mouse embryo. Myf5, not MyoD, is the direct target of Shh signaling in the epaxial dermomyotome, as shown by failure of MyoD activation by recombinant Shh in presomitic mesoderm explants from Myf5-null embryos. Shh-null mouse analysis; presomitic mesoderm explants with recombinant Shh protein; Myf5-null mouse cross; in situ hybridization Development (Cambridge, England) High 10457014
2000 The Myf5 gene is controlled by multiple discrete and dispersed enhancers spread throughout 14 kb spanning the MRF4/Myf5 locus, each driving reporter expression in a particular subset of skeletal muscle precursors. Separate enhancers control epaxial body, some hypaxial body, facial muscle, and CNS expression, demonstrating modular long-range transcriptional control. Transgenic mouse reporter analysis; lacZ transgene constructs with various upstream deletions Development (Cambridge, England) High 10934019
2000 Quiescent satellite cells express both CD34 and MYF5 (via beta-galactosidase activity in Myf5-nlacZ mice), and all CD34-positive satellite cells co-express MYF5, establishing MYF5 as a marker of committed, quiescent muscle satellite cells. Isolated myofiber preparation; immunofluorescence; Myf5-nlacZ knock-in reporter mice; flow cytometry The Journal of cell biology High 11121437
2000 MYF5 protein is absent in neurons despite correct splicing of Myf5 mRNA, indicating that post-transcriptional regulation (at the level of mRNA translation or protein stability) prevents Myf5 protein accumulation in neurons, which accounts for the lack of myogenic conversion in the brain. Immunofluorescence; immunoblotting; RT-PCR in brain neurons; Myf5-nlacZ transgenic mice; retrograde DiI labeling Development (Cambridge, England) High 10603349
2001 Delta1-activated Notch signaling in chick limb bud inhibits muscle differentiation by preventing Myf5-expressing myoblasts from progressing to the MyoD-expressing stage, without affecting Myf5 or Pax3 expression, placing Notch action between the Myf5 and MyoD steps in the myogenic hierarchy. Retroviral misexpression of Delta1 in chick limb; in situ hybridization for Myf5, Pax3, MyoD; immunohistochemistry Development (Cambridge, England) High 11060246
2002 Myf5 is a direct target of long-range Shh signaling through positive regulation by Gli transcription factors. A Gli-binding site within the Myf5 epaxial somite (ES) enhancer is required for enhancer activation by Shh signaling in transfected 3T3 cells and in transgenic embryos; deletion of this Gli site abolishes activity in Shh-null embryos. Transgenic lacZ reporter analysis; luciferase reporter in Shh-responsive 3T3 cells; Gli-site mutagenesis; Shh heterozygous and homozygous null embryo analysis Genes & development High 11782449
2003 p300 acetyltransferase (HAT) activity is specifically required for induction of Myf5 and MyoD expression upstream of these MRFs; embryos lacking p300 protein show severely attenuated Myf5 induction, while ES cells with p300 null or HAT-dead mutations fail to activate Myf5 efficiently despite normal Pax3 expression. CBP HAT activity is not required for Myf5 activation. Genetic mouse knockouts and ES cells with point mutations (p300 AT-dead, p300 null, CBP AT-dead); RT-PCR; immunostaining The EMBO journal High 14517256
2004 In the absence of both Myf5 and MyoD, Mrf4 expression (when intact) is sufficient to confer skeletal muscle identity, revising the epistatic relationship: both Myf5 and Mrf4 act upstream of MyoD as muscle determination genes. Allelic series of three Myf5 mutants differentially affecting Mrf4 expression; Myf5:MyoD double-null mice; histology; molecular analysis Nature High 15386014
2006 Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling directly activates Myf5 transcription in epaxial somite progenitors via Frizzled receptors (Fz1 and/or Fz6) and Tcf/Lef-binding sites immediately 5' to the Myf5 early epaxial enhancer. Blocking Wnt/beta-catenin dramatically reduces Myf5 activation, while activated beta-catenin is sufficient to activate Myf5 in somites. The Wnt/beta-catenin and Shh/Gli pathways act synergistically. Tcf/Lef site mutation in transgenic mice; gain-of-function and loss-of-function of beta-catenin in somites; Frizzled knockdown; reporter assays Development (Cambridge, England) High 16936075
2007 Six1 and Six4 homeoproteins bind a 145-bp Myf5 limb enhancer element (at -57.5 kb) in vitro (EMSA) and in vivo (ChIP), and Six1 transactivates a reporter under the control of this sequence. Myf5 expression is severely impaired in limb buds of Six1(-/-) and Six1(-/-)/Six4(-/+) mutant mice despite presence of myogenic progenitors, establishing Six1/4 as direct upstream regulators of Myf5 in limb myogenesis. EMSA; ChIP with embryonic extracts; transactivation reporter assay; transgenic enhancer mutagenesis; Six1/Six4 mutant mouse analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 17592144
2007 Myf5-null adult mice exhibit perturbed muscle regeneration with increased fiber hypertrophy, delayed differentiation, adipocyte accumulation, and fibrosis after freeze-injury. Mrf4 is not expressed in normal or Myf5-null satellite cells, excluding Mrf4 from a role in adult muscle progenitors. Myf5-null myoblasts show impaired proliferation in vitro. Myf5-null mouse; freeze-injury regeneration model; histology; satellite cell isolation; in vitro proliferation assay Developmental biology High 17961534
2008 Lineage tracing and conditional cell ablation demonstrated two distinct myogenic lineages in mouse skeletal muscle: a Myf5-lineage and a Myf5-independent lineage. Ablating the Myf5 lineage is compatible with myogenesis sustained by Myf5-independent, MyoD-expressing myoblasts. Myf5-lineage cells also contribute significantly to rib development. Conditional cell ablation using Myf5-Cre; Cre-dependent reporter lineage tracing; genetic mouse crosses Developmental cell High 18331721
2009 DUX4c over-expression induces MYF5 protein and its DNA-binding activity in human myoblasts. DUX4c and MYF5 interact by co-immunoprecipitation, suggesting DUX4c stabilizes MYF5 protein. DUX4c-induced MYF5 increase promotes myoblast proliferation and inhibits differentiation. Western blot; DNA-binding assay; co-immunoprecipitation; overexpression in primary human myoblasts PloS one Medium 19829708
2010 A Pax3/Dmrt2/Myf5 regulatory cascade operates in epaxial dermomyotome stem cells: Pax3 directly binds a conserved sequence at -18 kb from Dmrt2 (shown by gel shift and ChIP), Dmrt2 directly binds and transactivates the Myf5 early epaxial enhancer (shown by gel shift and transactivation assay), and conditional Dmrt2 overexpression in Pax3-expressing somite cells activates Myf5. Gel shift (EMSA); ChIP; transgenic enhancer analysis; Dmrt2 mutant embryo analysis; conditional overexpression PLoS genetics High 20368965
2011 Zic1 and Zic2 co-localize with Myf5 and Pax3 in the dorsal medial dermomyotome and potentiate Gli-dependent activation of the Myf5 epaxial somite enhancer. Zic2 co-immunoprecipitates with Gli2, indicating Zic2 forms complexes with Gli2 to promote Myf5 expression. Myf5 expression in newly forming somites is deficient in Zic2 mutant embryos. In situ hybridization; immunohistochemistry; functional reporter assays in 3T3 cells; co-immunoprecipitation; Zic2 mutant mouse analysis; presomitic mesoderm explants Developmental biology High 21211521
2012 In quiescent satellite cells, Myf5 mRNA is sequestered in mRNP granules together with microRNA-31 which suppresses its translation. Upon satellite cell activation, mRNP granules dissociate, miR-31 levels decrease, and Myf5 protein accumulates via translation (not transcription). Conditions maintaining mRNP granules delay myogenesis; manipulating miR-31 levels affects satellite cell differentiation and muscle regeneration in vivo. RNA immunoprecipitation; FISH for mRNP granules; miR-31 manipulation (overexpression/knockdown); in vitro translation assay; satellite cell ex vivo culture; in vivo muscle regeneration Cell stem cell High 22770245
2013 Emerin associates with the Myf5 genomic locus in proliferating myogenic progenitors (ChIP). Before transcriptional activation, the Myf5 locus localizes to the nuclear lamina; upon activation during differentiation it moves to the nucleoplasm. Both emerin and HDAC3 are required for proper Myf5 localization to the nuclear lamina and its repression; activation of HDAC3 catalytic activity rescues Myf5 lamina localization. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP); fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for nuclear position; emerin and HDAC3 knockdown; HDAC3 catalytic activation Chromosome research Medium 24062260
2013 Pax3 synergizes with Gli2 and Zic1 in transactivating the Myf5 epaxial somite (ES) enhancer. This synergy requires conserved functional domains of each protein, a novel homeodomain motif in the Myf5 promoter, and the essential Gli motif in the ES enhancer. Overexpression of Zic1 and Pax3 in 10T1/2 cells results in their enrichment at the endogenous Myf5 locus (ChIP) and induction of Myf5 expression. Transactivation reporter assay; domain mutagenesis; ChIP at endogenous Myf5 locus; overexpression in 10T1/2 cells Developmental biology High 24036067
2016 MYF5 and MyoD bind the same genomic sites genome-wide but have distinct molecular functions: Myf5 induces histone acetylation without Pol II recruitment or robust gene activation, whereas MyoD induces histone acetylation, recruits Pol II, and robustly activates gene transcription. Thus initial muscle lineage specification by Myf5 occurs without significant induction of gene transcription. ChIP-seq for MYF5, MyoD, histone marks, Pol II; genome-wide binding comparison in myoblasts Developmental cell High 26906734
2016 MYF5 functions as an RNA-binding protein in myoblasts, associating with a subset of mRNAs including Ccnd1 (Cyclin D1) mRNA. MYF5 binds the 3' UTR and coding region of Ccnd1 mRNA (shown by biotin-RNA pulldown, UV-crosslinking, gel shift, and RIP), promotes CCND1 protein translation, and modestly increases Ccnd1 transcription. MYF5-dependent CCND1 upregulation is required for normal myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation (RIP); biotin-RNA pulldown; UV crosslinking; gel shift (EMSA); MYF5 knockdown/overexpression; polysome profiling implied; rescue by CCND1 restoration Nucleic acids research High 26819411
2018 Satellite cells lacking both MyoD and Myf5 (double knockout) are maintained in uninjured muscle but fail to regenerate injured muscle; dKO satellite cell progeny accumulate in damaged muscle without undergoing muscle differentiation, demonstrating an absolute requirement for either MyoD or Myf5 in muscle regeneration and showing their expression stabilizes myogenic identity. Conditional double knockout (MyoD/Myf5) in satellite cells; muscle injury model; histology; immunofluorescence; lineage tracing Stem cell reports High 29478898
2018 SNAIL transcription factor binds to the MYF5 promoter and suppresses its expression. SNAIL silencing in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cells allows re-expression of MYF5 and promotes myogenic differentiation. SNAIL forms a repressive complex with HDAC1/2 to regulate MYF5 and other differentiation genes. ChIP for SNAIL at MYF5 promoter; SNAIL knockdown; reporter assays; co-immunoprecipitation of SNAIL-HDAC1/2 complex; xenograft tumor model Cell death & disease Medium 29844345
2019 MLL1 transcriptionally regulates Myf5 by mediating H3K4me3 on its promoter. ChIP showed H3K4me3 enrichment at the Myf5 promoter is MLL1-dependent; MLL1 knockdown reduced Myf5 expression and caused G1 cell cycle arrest in myoblasts. MLL1 is required for satellite cell proliferation and muscle repair in vivo. ChIP for H3K4me3 at Myf5 promoter; siRNA knockdown of MLL1; cell cycle analysis; cardiotoxin injury model in vivo Cell proliferation Medium 31840352
2012 PTEN deletion with myf5-Cre selectively expands Myf5-lineage adipocytes, causing lipomatosis and partial lipodystrophy, demonstrating that PI3K/PTEN signaling specifically controls the Myf5+ adipocyte lineage and that Myf5+ mesenchymal precursors give rise not only to brown adipocytes and muscle but also to subsets of white adipocytes. Conditional Pten knockout using Myf5-Cre; lineage tracing; fat depot analysis; histology Cell metabolism High 22940198
2003 TGF-beta1 treatment of retinal pericytes induces nuclear translocation of Myf5 (along with Smad2), switching cells from a growth-potentiated to growth-arrested/contractile phenotype marked by alpha-SMA upregulation, while FGF-2 antagonizes this TGF-beta1-induced Myf5 nuclear translocation and phenotype switch. RT-PCR; immunoprecipitation; EMSA; indirect immunofluorescence for nuclear translocation in primary pericytes Investigative ophthalmology & visual science Low 14578427
1993 9-cis-retinoic acid (acting via retinoid X receptors) represses Myf5 mRNA levels in C2 and L6 myoblast cell lines, likely at the transcriptional level, because Myf5 mRNA stability is unaffected; cycloheximide does not block the repression, suggesting direct involvement of RA receptors. Northern blot; mRNA stability assay; cycloheximide treatment; retinoid receptor-selective agonists in cell culture Endocrinology Medium 8404668
2008 The Mrf4/Myf5 locus is regulated by a novel mechanism involving equilibria among enhancers, promoters, and transcription balancing sequences (which can act as cryptic promoters). These elements collectively ensure that enhancers and promoters produce the highly dynamic expression patterns of both genes; nonproductive interactions between enhancers and cryptic promoters explain the unexpected phenotypes of different Mrf4 knockout alleles. Enhancer-promoter composition manipulation in transgenic mice; BAC/YAC reporter series; in vivo expression analysis Genes & development High 18198342

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2000 Expression of CD34 and Myf5 defines the majority of quiescent adult skeletal muscle satellite cells. The Journal of cell biology 680 11121437
1997 Redefining the genetic hierarchies controlling skeletal myogenesis: Pax-3 and Myf-5 act upstream of MyoD. Cell 671 9094721
2017 Function of the myogenic regulatory factors Myf5, MyoD, Myogenin and MRF4 in skeletal muscle, satellite cells and regenerative myogenesis. Seminars in cell & developmental biology 624 29127046
2004 Mrf4 determines skeletal muscle identity in Myf5:Myod double-mutant mice. Nature 486 15386014
1997 Ectopic Pax-3 activates MyoD and Myf-5 expression in embryonic mesoderm and neural tissue. Cell 357 9094722
1998 Cell heterogeneity upon myogenic differentiation: down-regulation of MyoD and Myf-5 generates 'reserve cells'. Journal of cell science 330 9472005
1999 In vivo satellite cell activation via Myf5 and MyoD in regenerating mouse skeletal muscle. Journal of cell science 324 10444384
1998 Differential activation of Myf5 and MyoD by different Wnts in explants of mouse paraxial mesoderm and the later activation of myogenesis in the absence of Myf5. Development (Cambridge, England) 319 9753670
2012 Muscle satellite cells are primed for myogenesis but maintain quiescence with sequestration of Myf5 mRNA targeted by microRNA-31 in mRNP granules. Cell stem cell 274 22770245
2012 PTEN loss in the Myf5 lineage redistributes body fat and reveals subsets of white adipocytes that arise from Myf5 precursors. Cell metabolism 272 22940198
1998 The muscle regulatory factors MyoD and myf-5 undergo distinct cell cycle-specific expression in muscle cells. The Journal of cell biology 254 9744876
1997 MyoD and Myf-5 differentially regulate the development of limb versus trunk skeletal muscle. Development (Cambridge, England) 232 9428409
1999 Sonic hedgehog controls epaxial muscle determination through Myf5 activation. Development (Cambridge, England) 223 10457014
2013 Myf5-positive satellite cells contribute to Pax7-dependent long-term maintenance of adult muscle stem cells. Cell stem cell 215 23933088
2007 A role for the myogenic determination gene Myf5 in adult regenerative myogenesis. Developmental biology 174 17961534
2002 Myf5 is a direct target of long-range Shh signaling and Gli regulation for muscle specification. Genes & development 160 11782449
1991 Developmental patterns in the expression of Myf5, MyoD, myogenin, and MRF4 during myogenesis. The New biologist 157 1911647
1995 Inactivation of Myf-6 and Myf-5 genes in mice leads to alterations in skeletal muscle development. The EMBO journal 151 7720708
2006 The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 expression during somitogenesis. Development (Cambridge, England) 148 16936075
2000 Delta 1-activated notch inhibits muscle differentiation without affecting Myf5 and Pax3 expression in chick limb myogenesis. Development (Cambridge, England) 140 11060246
2003 Differential role of p300 and CBP acetyltransferase during myogenesis: p300 acts upstream of MyoD and Myf5. The EMBO journal 132 14517256
2001 Hedgehog signalling is required for maintenance of myf5 and myoD expression and timely terminal differentiation in zebrafish adaxial myogenesis. Developmental biology 132 11456450
2018 Loss of MyoD and Myf5 in Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells Results in Altered Myogenic Programming and Failed Regeneration. Stem cell reports 130 29478898
1996 Gene targeting the myf-5 locus with nlacZ reveals expression of this myogenic factor in mature skeletal muscle fibres as well as early embryonic muscle. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 130 8896984
1996 Functional redundancy of the muscle-specific transcription factors Myf5 and myogenin. Nature 126 8587605
1994 MyoD expression marks the onset of skeletal myogenesis in Myf-5 mutant mice. Development (Cambridge, England) 120 7720554
2003 Myf5 and MyoD activation define independent myogenic compartments during embryonic development. Developmental biology 119 12798290
1990 Transcriptional activation domain of the muscle-specific gene-regulatory protein myf5. Nature 117 2385294
1995 Myogenin's functions do not overlap with those of MyoD or Myf-5 during mouse embryogenesis. Developmental biology 116 7589813
2008 Two cell lineages, myf5 and myf5-independent, participate in mouse skeletal myogenesis. Developmental cell 113 18331721
2000 The expression of Myf5 in the developing mouse embryo is controlled by discrete and dispersed enhancers specific for particular populations of skeletal muscle precursors. Development (Cambridge, England) 113 10934019
2007 The myogenic factor Myf5 supports efficient skeletal muscle regeneration by enabling transient myoblast amplification. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 108 17495111
1998 RhoA GTPase and serum response factor control selectively the expression of MyoD without affecting Myf5 in mouse myoblasts. Molecular biology of the cell 108 9658178
1998 Cell cycle-regulated expression of the muscle determination factor Myf5 in proliferating myoblasts. The Journal of cell biology 104 9425159
2000 Modular long-range regulation of Myf5 reveals unexpected heterogeneity between skeletal muscles in the mouse embryo. Development (Cambridge, England) 99 11003844
2000 Failure of Myf5 to support myogenic differentiation without myogenin, MyoD, and MRF4. Developmental biology 98 10694423
1993 Regulation of the mouse desmin gene: transactivated by MyoD, myogenin, MRF4 and Myf5. Nucleic acids research 95 8382796
1996 Myf-5 and myoD genes are activated in distinct mesenchymal stem cells and determine different skeletal muscle cell lineages. The EMBO journal 94 8617206
1993 Isolated sequences from the linked Myf-5 and MRF4 genes drive distinct patterns of muscle-specific expression in transgenic mice. Development (Cambridge, England) 93 8375340
2016 Distinct Activities of Myf5 and MyoD Indicate Separate Roles in Skeletal Muscle Lineage Specification and Differentiation. Developmental cell 91 26906734
2008 Different autonomous myogenic cell populations revealed by ablation of Myf5-expressing cells during mouse embryogenesis. Development (Cambridge, England) 90 18367555
2013 Distinct populations of adipogenic and myogenic Myf5-lineage progenitors in white adipose tissues. Journal of lipid research 87 23740968
2007 Six proteins regulate the activation of Myf5 expression in embryonic mouse limbs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 86 17592144
1993 cAMP-dependent protein kinase represses myogenic differentiation and the activity of the muscle-specific helix-loop-helix transcription factors Myf-5 and MyoD. The Journal of biological chemistry 86 8387507
2003 FGF-2 antagonizes the TGF-beta1-mediated induction of pericyte alpha-smooth muscle actin expression: a role for myf-5 and Smad-mediated signaling pathways. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 84 14578427
2010 A Pax3/Dmrt2/Myf5 regulatory cascade functions at the onset of myogenesis. PLoS genetics 81 20368965
2003 Analysis of a key regulatory region upstream of the Myf5 gene reveals multiple phases of myogenesis, orchestrated at each site by a combination of elements dispersed throughout the locus. Development (Cambridge, England) 76 12810589
2013 Emerin and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) cooperatively regulate expression and nuclear positions of MyoD, Myf5, and Pax7 genes during myogenesis. Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology 72 24062260
2012 Myf5 haploinsufficiency reveals distinct cell fate potentials for adult skeletal muscle stem cells. Journal of cell science 68 22366456
2011 Skeletal myogenesis and Myf5 activation. Transcription 68 21922054
1997 Myogenin can substitute for Myf5 in promoting myogenesis but less efficiently. Development (Cambridge, England) 67 9216993
2006 Myogenic regulatory factors Myf5 and Myod function distinctly during craniofacial myogenesis of zebrafish. Developmental biology 66 17007832
2007 Multiple upstream modules regulate zebrafish myf5 expression. BMC developmental biology 65 17199897
2001 Molecular structure, dynamic expression, and promoter analysis of zebrafish (Danio rerio) myf-5 gene. Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) 65 11135459
2013 Myf5 expression during fetal myogenesis defines the developmental progenitors of adult satellite cells. Developmental biology 61 23639729
1998 MyoD and Myf-5 define the specification of musculature of distinct embryonic origin. Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire 61 10392718
2013 Autophagy in Myf5+ progenitors regulates energy and glucose homeostasis through control of brown fat and skeletal muscle development. EMBO reports 60 23907538
2002 The early epaxial enhancer is essential for the initial expression of the skeletal muscle determination gene Myf5 but not for subsequent, multiple phases of somitic myogenesis. Development (Cambridge, England) 60 12223413
2003 Prolonged underfeeding of sheep increases myostatin and myogenic regulatory factor Myf-5 in skeletal muscle while IGF-I and myogenin are repressed. The Journal of endocrinology 57 12630927
2016 Novel RNA-binding activity of MYF5 enhances Ccnd1/Cyclin D1 mRNA translation during myogenesis. Nucleic acids research 56 26819411
2009 DUX4c is up-regulated in FSHD. It induces the MYF5 protein and human myoblast proliferation. PloS one 55 19829708
2004 Myf5 expression in satellite cells and spindles in adult muscle is controlled by separate genetic elements. Developmental biology 55 15328025
2000 Cultured myf5 null and myoD null muscle precursor cells display distinct growth defects. Biology of the cell 53 11374435
1995 Lineage restriction of the myogenic conversion factor myf-5 in the brain. Development (Cambridge, England) 53 8575308
1997 Different MRF4 knockout alleles differentially disrupt Myf-5 expression: cis-regulatory interactions at the MRF4/Myf-5 locus. Developmental biology 52 9268580
2021 Humanized skeletal muscle in MYF5/MYOD/MYF6-null pig embryos. Nature biomedical engineering 51 33782573
2008 Global transcriptional regulation of the locus encoding the skeletal muscle determination genes Mrf4 and Myf5. Genes & development 50 18198342
2002 Expression of the myogenic regulatory factor Mrf4 precedes or is contemporaneous with that of Myf5 in the somitic bud. Mechanisms of development 50 12204280
1992 Co-operativity of functional domains in the muscle-specific transcription factor Myf-5. The EMBO journal 50 1582413
1994 Myf5, MyoD, myogenin and MRF4 myogenic derivatives of the embryonic mesenchymal cell line C3H10T1/2 exhibit the same adult muscle phenotype. Differentiation; research in biological diversity 49 8187980
2004 Ectopic Myf5 or MyoD prevents the neuronal differentiation program in addition to inducing skeletal muscle differentiation, in the chick neural tube. Development (Cambridge, England) 47 14724123
2011 Leucine limitation regulates myf5 and myoD expression and inhibits myoblast differentiation. Experimental cell research 46 22079119
2005 Ectodermal Wnt-6 promotes Myf5-dependent avian limb myogenesis. Developmental biology 46 16271265
1993 Expression of myogenic factors in denervated chicken breast muscle: isolation of the chicken Myf5 gene. Nucleic acids research 46 8389445
1995 Arginine-vasopressin induces differentiation of skeletal myogenic cells and up-regulation of myogenin and Myf-5. Cell growth & differentiation : the molecular biology journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 45 7718487
2000 Myf5 is a novel early axonal marker in the mouse brain and is subjected to post-transcriptional regulation in neurons. Development (Cambridge, England) 43 10603349
2006 MyoD, Myf5, and the calcineurin pathway activate the developmental myosin heavy chain genes. Developmental biology 42 16584724
1997 Faithful expression of the Myf-5 gene during mouse myogenesis requires distant control regions: a transgene approach using yeast artificial chromosomes. Developmental biology 42 9405106
2006 Foxd3 mediates zebrafish myf5 expression during early somitogenesis. Developmental biology 39 16386728
2004 Assessment of positional candidate genes myf5 and igf1 for growth on bovine chromosome 5 in commercial lines of Bos taurus. Journal of animal science 39 14753343
2000 Vascular smooth muscle cells spontaneously adopt a skeletal muscle phenotype: a unique Myf5(-)/MyoD(+) myogenic program. The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 39 10950875
2017 Catechins activate muscle stem cells by Myf5 induction and stimulate muscle regeneration. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 37 28546002
2002 Related expression of MyoD and Myf5 with myosin heavy chain isoform types in bovine adult skeletal muscles. Zoological science 37 12149576
2007 A homeo-paired domain-binding motif directs Myf5 expression in progenitor cells of limb muscle. Development (Cambridge, England) 36 17301086
2002 Zygotic Wnt/beta-catenin signaling preferentially regulates the expression of Myf5 gene in the mesoderm of Xenopus. Developmental biology 36 11969260
2003 Myf5 expression in somites and limb buds of mouse embryos is controlled by two distinct distal enhancer activities. Development (Cambridge, England) 35 12783799
2003 Correlated NOS-Imu and myf5 expression by satellite cells in mdx mouse muscle regeneration during NOS manipulation and deflazacort treatment. Neuromuscular disorders : NMD 35 12798794
2005 FGF8, Wnt8 and Myf5 are target genes of Tbx6 during anteroposterior specification in Xenopus embryo. Developmental biology 34 16343478
1993 Expression of bovine myf5 induces ectopic skeletal muscle formation in transgenic mice. Molecular and cellular biology 33 8413206
1993 9-cis-retinoic acid regulates the expression of the muscle determination gene Myf5. Endocrinology 31 8404668
2011 A role for Zic1 and Zic2 in Myf5 regulation and somite myogenesis. Developmental biology 30 21211521
2018 SNAIL is a key regulator of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma tumor growth and differentiation through repression of MYF5 and MYOD function. Cell death & disease 29 29844345
2013 Pax3 synergizes with Gli2 and Zic1 in transactivating the Myf5 epaxial somite enhancer. Developmental biology 29 24036067
2008 Association of MYF5 and MYOD1 gene polymorphisms and meat quality traits in Large White x Meishan F2 pig populations. Biochemical genetics 28 18777094
2004 An enhancer directs differential expression of the linked Mrf4 and Myf5 myogenic regulatory genes in the mouse. Developmental biology 27 15110722
2019 MLL1 promotes myogenesis by epigenetically regulating Myf5. Cell proliferation 26 31840352
2011 Members of the TEAD family of transcription factors regulate the expression of Myf5 in ventral somitic compartments. Developmental biology 26 21527258
2005 Abnormal development of the intercostal muscles and the rib cage in Myf5-/- embryos leads to pulmonary hypoplasia. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 26 15580568
2012 Regulation of Myf5 Early Enhancer by Histone Acetyltransferase p300 during Stem Cell Differentiation. Molecular biology 24 25382872
1994 SV40 T antigen inhibits expression of MyoD and myogenin, up-regulates Myf-5, but does not affect early expression of desmin or alpha 7 integrin during muscle development. Experimental cell research 24 7507852

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