Affinage

MLANA

Melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 · UniProt Q16655

Length
118 aa
Mass
13.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 17 papers cited in narrative 17 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

MLANA (MART-1/Melan-A) is a melanocyte-specific protein that functions in melanosome biogenesis and maturation (PMID:15695812, PMID:21943097). It is post-translationally acylated, undergoes rapid turnover, and concentrates in the trans-Golgi network and on small vesicles, with substantial labeling on premelanosome limiting membranes that redistributes to internal membranes as melanosomes mature — a distribution distinct from typical melanosomal cargo and consistent with a role in early melanosome biogenesis (PMID:12191019). Mechanistically, MART-1 acts as an escort/stabilizing partner: it forms a physical complex with Pmel17/GP100 and is required for Pmel17 expression, stability, trafficking, and proteolytic processing, with knockdown impairing and re-expression rescuing Pmel17 function (PMID:15695812), and it likewise interacts with the intracellular GPCR OA1/GPR143 to maintain OA1 stability and proper premelanosome composition (PMID:19717472). In vivo, MART-1 knockout mice show coat-color dilution, reduced melanin, and stage III/IV melanosome morphological defects, confirming a requirement in late-stage melanosome biogenesis (PMID:21943097). MLANA transcription is driven by MITF, which binds conserved consensus elements in the MLANA promoter/enhancer (PMID:12819038). Independently of its melanosomal role, MART-1 is a major melanoma tumor antigen: it encodes immunodominant HLA-A*0201-restricted epitopes (the AAGIGILTV nonamer and the optimal EAAGIGILTV decamer) that are naturally processed and presented on melanoma cell surfaces (PMID:7516411, PMID:9278327, PMID:10417764), plus an HLA-DR4-restricted CD4+ T-cell epitope (PMID:10618430), and the anti-MART-1 CTL response shows characteristically biased TCR usage (PMID:7777568, PMID:24846220).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 1994 High

    Established MART-1 as a bona fide melanoma rejection antigen by defining the HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitope recognized by most melanoma-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, answering what tumor target dominant anti-melanoma T cells see.

    Evidence Peptide synthesis from HLA-A2.1 motifs, T2 pulsing, and cytolysis assays with TIL from 10 patients

    PMID:7516411

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not establish the protein's normal cellular function
    • Optimal epitope length not yet defined
  2. 1996 Medium

    Biochemically characterized the MART-1 protein as a ~18-22 kDa cytoplasmic/melanosomal/ER protein lacking detectable melanogenic enzymatic activity, framing it as a non-enzymatic melanosomal protein of unknown function.

    Evidence Recombinant protein, monoclonal antibodies, IP, Western blot, immunocytochemistry, and subcellular fractionation

    PMID:8650193 PMID:9075767

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular function unresolved
    • Doublet/size discrepancy not explained at the time
  3. 1996 Medium

    Broadened the antigenic relevance of the MART-1(27-35) epitope by showing presentation across multiple HLA-A2 subtypes and an additional HLA-B45.1-restricted epitope cluster, defining the breadth of MHC restriction.

    Evidence Peptide pulsing of B-LCLs expressing defined HLA alleles, 3' deletion mutagenesis, and cytolysis assays

    PMID:8752930 PMID:9455808

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-lab allele panels
    • Natural processing for B45.1 epitopes not confirmed by mass spectrometry
  4. 1997 High

    Refined the immunodominant epitope to the optimal EAAGIGILTV decamer, clarifying which peptide form drives the dominant CTL response and improving vaccine/diagnostic design.

    Evidence Quantitative functional CTL assays with polyclonal/monoclonal populations and HLA-A2 binding assays

    PMID:9278327

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not address endogenous processing pathway
  5. 1999 High

    Confirmed that the AAGIGILTV epitope is genuinely processed and surface-presented on melanoma cells, closing the gap between synthetic-peptide recognition and endogenous antigen presentation.

    Evidence Direct isolation of HLA-A*0201-bound peptides from melanoma cells and mass-spectrometric identification

    PMID:10417764

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative density of the epitope per cell not established
  6. 2000 Medium

    Extended antigen recognition to the CD4+ compartment by defining an HLA-DR4-restricted MART-1 epitope, indicating helper T-cell engagement against the antigen.

    Evidence CD4+ T-cell expansion with peptide-pulsed dendritic cells, IFN-γ production, and cytolysis assays

    PMID:10618430

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-lab functional readout
    • Natural processing of the DR4 epitope not directly demonstrated
  7. 2002 High

    Mapped MART-1's precise subcellular itinerary and acylation, showing a TGN/vesicle-concentrated distribution distinct from typical melanosomal proteins and pointing to a role in early melanosome biogenesis rather than pigment synthesis.

    Evidence Biochemical acylation analysis, immunofluorescence, and quantitative immunoelectron microscopy

    PMID:12191019

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify molecular binding partners
    • Functional consequence of acylation not tested
  8. 2003 High

    Identified MITF as the transcription factor driving MLANA expression, placing the gene within the melanocyte master-regulator transcriptional network.

    Evidence EMSA, ChIP, promoter/reporter assays, and MITF up/down-modulation in melanoma cells

    PMID:12819038

    Open questions at the time
    • Other co-regulators of the MLANA promoter not defined
  9. 2005 High

    Defined MART-1's first molecular function: a physical partner and chaperone required for Pmel17/GP100 stability, trafficking, and proteolytic processing, explaining how it contributes to melanosome structure.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown, transfection rescue, co-IP, Western blot, and electron microscopy

    PMID:15695812

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct binding interface not mapped
    • Whether the effect is direct chaperoning vs. trafficking facilitation unresolved
  10. 2009 High

    Generalized the escort function by showing MART-1 stabilizes the intracellular GPCR OA1/GPR143, indicating it supports multiple premelanosomal clients during early melanogenesis.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown of MART-1 and OA1, co-IP, immunofluorescence, and EM of melanosome ultrastructure

    PMID:19717472

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of MART-1/OA1 interaction unknown
    • Relationship between OA1 and Pmel17 escort roles not integrated
  11. 2011 High

    Provided in vivo validation of MART-1's melanosomal role, showing knockout causes coat-color dilution and selective stage III/IV melanosome defects without disrupting other melanocyte proteins.

    Evidence Knockout mouse model, coat-color phenotyping, melanosome EM, and immunofluorescence

    PMID:21943097

    Open questions at the time
    • In this model Pmel17 maturation appeared unaffected, leaving the stage of action partly unresolved relative to cell-line data
  12. 2014 Medium

    Explained the unusually high precursor frequency of MART-1-specific CD8+ T cells through biased TRAV12-2 usage and thymic escape via misinitiated epitope-lacking transcripts, clarifying the immunobiology of the dominant response.

    Evidence TCR combinatorial pairing in cell lines, RT-PCR of thymic MART-1 transcripts, and tetramer staining

    PMID:21795600 PMID:24846220 PMID:7777568

    Open questions at the time
    • Thymic transcript escape mechanism not validated in vivo in humans
    • Relative contribution of the two mechanisms not quantified

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How MART-1 mechanistically chaperones its clients (direct binding interface, role of acylation, and reconciliation of the early- vs late-stage melanosome requirement) remains unresolved.
  • No structural model of MART-1 or its complexes with Pmel17/OA1
  • Functional role of acylation untested by mutagenesis
  • Identity of the secreted factor that silences MLANA transcription unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0044183 protein folding chaperone 2 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 1
Localization
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 3 GO:0005768 endosome 1 GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus 1 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 1
Pathway
R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-1852241 Organelle biogenesis and maintenance 3
Partners
GPR143MITFPMEL

Evidence

Reading pass · 17 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1994 The MART-1 protein contains an immunodominant HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitope corresponding to the 9-mer peptide AAGIGILTV (residues 27-35), which is recognized by the majority of HLA-A2-restricted melanoma-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Peptide synthesis based on HLA-A2.1 binding motifs, T2 cell pulsing, cytolysis assays with TIL from 10 patients The Journal of experimental medicine High 7516411
1997 The decapeptide EAAGIGILTV (residues 26-35) is the optimal-length immunodominant MART-1 peptide for HLA-A*0201 presentation; it binds HLA-A2 more efficiently than the nonapeptide AAGIGILTV (residues 27-35) and is recognized at lower concentrations by the majority of Melan-A-specific CTL clones. Quantitative functional CTL assays (4 polyclonal and 13 monoclonal CTL populations), peptide-HLA-A2 binding assays, TCR repertoire analysis Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) High 9278327
1996 MART-1 protein is approximately 20-22 kDa (detected as a doublet by SDS-PAGE) and localizes to the cytoplasm of melanocytes and melanoma cells; subcellular fractionation placed MART-1 in melanosomes and endoplasmic reticulum, and no known melanogenic enzymatic activities were detected in MART-1. Recombinant protein production, monoclonal antibody generation, immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, immunocytochemistry, subcellular fractionation Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 8650193
1997 MART-1 protein size is approximately 18 kDa by SDS-PAGE, suggesting possible post-translational modifications; the protein localizes to melanosomes and endoplasmic reticulum by subcellular fractionation, and no melanogenic enzymatic activities were detected. Bacterial and baculovirus recombinant expression, immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, flow cytometry, subcellular fractionation Journal of immunological methods Medium 9075767
2002 Melan-A/MART-1 is post-translationally acylated and undergoes rapid turnover; its highest concentration is in the trans-Golgi network and small vesicles/tubules throughout the cell, with substantial labeling also on melanosomes (concentrated on the limiting membrane of premelanosomes, shifting to internal vesicle membranes upon melanosome maturation), endosomes, ER, nuclear envelope, and plasma membrane — a subcellular distribution distinct from typical melanosomal proteins, suggesting a role in early melanosome biogenesis. Biochemical acylation analysis, immunofluorescence microscopy, quantitative immunoelectron microscopy Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) High 12191019
2005 MART-1 forms a physical complex with Pmel17/GP100 and is required for Pmel17's expression, stability, trafficking, and proteolytic processing necessary for melanosome structure and maturation; siRNA-mediated knockdown of MART-1 in pigmented cells impairs Pmel17 function, and re-expression of MART-1 in MART-1-negative cells rescues Pmel17 processing. siRNA knockdown, transfection rescue, co-immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, electron microscopy of melanosome ultrastructure The Journal of biological chemistry High 15695812
2009 MART-1 interacts biochemically with the intracellular GPCR OA1 (GPR143); siRNA inactivation of MART-1 leads to decreased OA1 stability and similar defects in premelanosome biogenesis and composition as OA1 loss, suggesting MART-1 acts as an escort protein for OA1 at early stages of melanogenesis. siRNA knockdown of MART-1 and OA1, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy of melanosome ultrastructure Human molecular genetics High 19717472
2003 MLANA/MART-1 gene expression is transcriptionally regulated by the MITF transcription factor; the MLANA promoter/enhancer contains conserved MITF consensus DNA-binding sequences that are bound by MITF in vitro and in vivo, and modulation of MITF levels correspondingly changes endogenous MLANA expression in melanoma cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), promoter/reporter assays, MITF up/down-regulation in melanoma cell lines The American journal of pathology High 12819038
2011 MART-1 knockdown mice display coat color dilution with reduced total melanin content; MART-1 loss causes morphological abnormalities specifically in stage III and IV melanosomes of hair follicle melanocytes but does not affect localization of other melanocyte-specific proteins or maturation of Pmel17, indicating MART-1 is required for late-stage melanosome biogenesis and/or maintenance. MART-1 knockout mouse model, coat color phenotyping, electron microscopy of melanosomes, immunofluorescence for melanocyte-specific proteins Pigment cell & melanoma research High 21943097
1999 MART-1 peptide AAGIGILTV (residues 27-35) is directly identified by mass spectrometry as a naturally processed and HLA-A*0201-associated peptide isolated from the surface of human melanoma cells, confirming the endogenous processing and presentation of this CTL epitope. Peptide isolation from HLA-A*0201 molecules of melanoma cells followed by mass spectrometry identification International journal of cancer High 10417764
2000 MART-1 encodes at least one HLA-DR4-restricted epitope (residues 51-73) recognized by CD4+ T cells; Melan-A/MART-1(51-73)-specific CD4+ T cells specifically produce IFN-γ and lyse T2.DR4 cells pulsed with the peptide and DR4+ melanoma cells naturally expressing MART-1. In vitro expansion of CD4+ T cells with peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells, cytokine production assay (IFN-γ), cytolysis assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 10618430
2001 Melanoma cells secrete a soluble protein factor that down-regulates MART-1/Melan-A antigen expression by acting on the MART-1 minimal promoter, leading to loss of CTL recognition; this silencing is reversible upon removal of conditioned supernatants and does not affect the HLA-A2 promoter. Promoter activity assays, conditioned media experiments, CTL recognition assay, reversal upon supernatant removal Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Medium 11466335
1995 TCR alpha chain variable region TCRAV2S1 was the predominant chain in MART-1-specific HLA-A2-restricted CTL clones (6/9 clones from 5 patients), with restricted beta-chain usage (TCRBV14 or TCRBV7), and a conserved TCRAV2S1/TCRBV14 pairing in 4 clones from 3 patients, indicating limited and conserved TCR gene usage in the anti-MART-1 CTL response. PCR with V-region gene subfamily-specific primers on cDNA from CTL clones, DNA sequencing Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 7777568
1996 MART-1 peptide AAGIGILTV (27-35) is presented not only by HLA-A*0201 but also by at least six HLA-A2 variants (A*0202, A*0204, A*0205, A*0206, A*0209, and A*6901), as demonstrated by sensitization of B-LCLs expressing these alleles to lysis by MART-1(27-35)-specific CTL. Peptide pulsing of B-LCLs expressing defined HLA-A2 subtypes, cytolysis assays with MART-1-specific CTL, peptide-binding studies Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Medium 8752930
2014 The high frequency of HLA-A*0201-MART-1(26-35)-specific CD8+ T cells is explained by two independent mechanisms: (1) biased TRAV12-2 (Vα) usage, where combinatorial pairing of different TCRα and TCRβ chains confers MART-1 specificity provided CDR1α TRAV12-2 is used; and (2) misinitiated truncated MART-1 transcripts in medullary thymic epithelial cells that lack the MART-1(26-35) epitope, enabling evasion of central self-tolerance. TCR chain combinatorial pairing experiments in cell lines, RT-PCR analysis of MART-1 transcripts in thymic epithelial cells, HLA-A2-MART-1 tetramer staining European journal of immunology Medium 24846220
2011 Two MART-1-specific TCRs used in cancer gene therapy (DMF4 and DMF5) cross-react with two structurally distinct MART-1/Melan-A peptide epitopes via distinct mechanisms: DMF4 binds the two peptides with different orientations over the peptide/MHC surface, while DMF5 binds both identically; DMF5's simpler cross-reactivity mode is associated with higher affinity for both ligands. X-ray crystallography of TCR/peptide-MHC complexes (structures of DMF4 and DMF5 with both MART-1 epitopes), functional avidity measurements Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) High 21795600
1998 HLA-B45.1-restricted CTL from melanoma patients recognize MART-1 epitopes derived from residues 24-34 (11-mer AEEAAGIGILT) and 24-33 (10-mer AEEAAGIGIL), overlapping with the HLA-A2.1-restricted MART-1 epitope region; C-terminal threonine-34 is part of the CTL7/147 epitope but not required for HLA-B45.1 binding. Transfection of 3'-deletion mutants of MART-1 cDNA, synthetic peptide fine-specificity assays, cytolysis assays with CTL clones International journal of cancer Medium 9455808

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1994 Identification of the immunodominant peptides of the MART-1 human melanoma antigen recognized by the majority of HLA-A2-restricted tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. The Journal of experimental medicine 761 7516411
1998 Enhanced generation of specific tumor-reactive CTL in vitro by selected Melan-A/MART-1 immunodominant peptide analogues. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 381 9469433
1995 Induction of tumor-reactive CTL from peripheral blood and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of melanoma patients by in vitro stimulation with an immunodominant peptide of the human melanoma antigen MART-1. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 278 7868898
1997 Enhancement of cellular immunity in melanoma patients immunized with a peptide from MART-1/Melan A. The cancer journal from Scientific American 268 9072306
2003 MLANA/MART1 and SILV/PMEL17/GP100 are transcriptionally regulated by MITF in melanocytes and melanoma. The American journal of pathology 233 12819038
1996 Tumor escape from immune recognition: lethal recurrent melanoma in a patient associated with downregulation of the peptide transporter protein TAP-1 and loss of expression of the immunodominant MART-1/Melan-A antigen. The Journal of clinical investigation 227 8833913
2014 Adoptive transfer of MART-1 T-cell receptor transgenic lymphocytes and dendritic cell vaccination in patients with metastatic melanoma. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 201 24634374
2006 Dendritic cells loaded with killed allogeneic melanoma cells can induce objective clinical responses and MART-1 specific CD8+ T-cell immunity. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 182 16971810
1996 Serological analysis of Melan-A(MART-1), a melanocyte-specific protein homogeneously expressed in human melanomas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 177 8650193
1997 Genetic immunization for the melanoma antigen MART-1/Melan-A using recombinant adenovirus-transduced murine dendritic cells. Cancer research 162 9230191
1998 Immunoreactivity for A103, an antibody to melan-A (Mart-1), in adrenocortical and other steroid tumors. The American journal of surgical pathology 160 9422316
1997 Heterogeneous expression of immunotherapy candidate proteins gp100, MART-1, and tyrosinase in human melanoma cell lines and in human melanocytic lesions. Cancer research 158 9242453
1996 Identification of epitope mimics recognized by CTL reactive to the melanoma/melanocyte-derived peptide MART-1(27-35). The Journal of experimental medicine 149 8760818
2005 MART-1 is required for the function of the melanosomal matrix protein PMEL17/GP100 and the maturation of melanosomes. The Journal of biological chemistry 147 15695812
2011 TCRs used in cancer gene therapy cross-react with MART-1/Melan-A tumor antigens via distinct mechanisms. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 126 21795600
1996 Analysis of expression of the melanoma-associated antigens MART-1 and gp100 in metastatic melanoma cell lines and in in situ lesions. Journal of immunotherapy with emphasis on tumor immunology : official journal of the Society for Biological Therapy 126 8811494
1998 Generation of melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by dendritic cells transduced with a MART-1 adenovirus. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 125 9820539
1997 Cytolytic T lymphocyte recognition of the immunodominant HLA-A*0201-restricted Melan-A/MART-1 antigenic peptide in melanoma. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 125 9278327
2000 Melan-A/MART-1(51-73) represents an immunogenic HLA-DR4-restricted epitope recognized by melanoma-reactive CD4(+) T cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 124 10618430
2002 Antigenicity and immunogenicity of Melan-A/MART-1 derived peptides as targets for tumor reactive CTL in human melanoma. Immunological reviews 122 12445283
1997 Autologous dendritic cells derived from CD34+ progenitors and from monocytes are not functionally equivalent antigen-presenting cells in the induction of melan-A/Mart-1(27-35)-specific CTLs from peripheral blood lymphocytes of melanoma patients with low frequency of CTL precursors. Cancer research 108 9407964
1995 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clones from different patients display limited T-cell-receptor variable-region gene usage in HLA-A2-restricted recognition of the melanoma antigen Melan-A/MART-1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104 7777568
2006 Immunization of stage IV melanoma patients with Melan-A/MART-1 and gp100 peptides plus IFN-alpha results in the activation of specific CD8(+) T cells and monocyte/dendritic cell precursors. Cancer research 101 16651452
2004 Ionizing radiation affects human MART-1 melanoma antigen processing and presentation by dendritic cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 96 15294960
1996 Melanocyte lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognizing the MART-1 melanoma antigen in HLA-A2 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. International immunology 95 8671669
2015 Case Report of a Fatal Serious Adverse Event Upon Administration of T Cells Transduced With a MART-1-specific T-cell Receptor. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 91 25896248
2016 Mohs Micrographic Surgery Using MART-1 Immunostain in the Treatment of Invasive Melanoma and Melanoma In Situ. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 90 27158886
2008 Adenovirus MART-1-engineered autologous dendritic cell vaccine for metastatic melanoma. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 90 18317358
1997 Production of recombinant MART-1 proteins and specific antiMART-1 polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies: use in the characterization of the human melanoma antigen MART-1. Journal of immunological methods 88 9075767
1998 Comparative analysis of the in vivo expression of tyrosinase, MART-1/Melan-A, and gp100 in metastatic melanoma lesions: implications for immunotherapy. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 87 9456433
1995 Characterization of the functional specificity of a cloned T-cell receptor heterodimer recognizing the MART-1 melanoma antigen. Cancer research 86 7531614
2003 Cytotoxic T lymphocyte reactivity to gp100, MelanA/MART-1, and tyrosinase, in HLA-A2-positive vitiligo patients. The Journal of investigative dermatology 85 12925214
2006 Melanocytes in long-standing sun-exposed skin: quantitative analysis using the MART-1 immunostain. Archives of dermatology 84 16847203
2001 Expression of gp100, MART-1, tyrosinase, and S100 in paraffin-embedded primary melanomas and locoregional, lymph node, and visceral metastases: implications for diagnosis and immunotherapy. A study conducted by the EORTC Melanoma Cooperative Group. The Journal of pathology 83 11169510
1995 Generation of tumor-specific CTLs from melanoma patients by using peripheral blood stimulated with allogeneic melanoma tumor cell lines. Fine specificity and MART-1 melanoma antigen recognition. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 83 7814882
2009 MART-1-specific melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes maintaining CD28 expression have improved survival and expansion capability following antigenic restimulation in vitro. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 80 19949105
1999 Mass-spectrometric evaluation of HLA-A*0201-associated peptides identifies dominant naturally processed forms of CTL epitopes from MART-1 and gp100. International journal of cancer 80 10417764
1999 Reproducibility of detection of tyrosinase and MART-1 transcripts in the peripheral blood of melanoma patients: a quality control study using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. British journal of cancer 77 10360670
2009 The ocular albinism type 1 (OA1) G-protein-coupled receptor functions with MART-1 at early stages of melanogenesis to control melanosome identity and composition. Human molecular genetics 76 19717472
1998 High expression of immunotherapy candidate proteins gp100, MART-1, tyrosinase and TRP-1 in uveal melanoma. British journal of cancer 76 9820172
1997 Dendritic cells infected with poxviruses encoding MART-1/Melan A sensitize T lymphocytes in vitro. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 73 9220317
2014 MART-1 peptide vaccination plus IMP321 (LAG-3Ig fusion protein) in patients receiving autologous PBMCs after lymphodepletion: results of a Phase I trial. Journal of translational medicine 71 24726012
1998 Generation of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell response to dendritic cells genetically engineered to express the MART-1/Melan-A gene. Cancer research 71 9850054
1996 Binding and presentation of peptides derived from melanoma antigens MART-1 and glycoprotein-100 by HLA-A2 subtypes. Implications for peptide-based immunotherapy. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 71 8621927
2004 HMB-45, S-100, NK1/C3, and MART-1 in metastatic melanoma. Human pathology 70 14991540
1999 MART-1 is expressed less frequently on circulating melanoma cells in patients who develop distant compared with locoregional metastases. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 70 10561323
1998 HLA-independent heterogeneity of CD8+ T cell responses to MAGE-3, Melan-A/MART-1, gp100, tyrosinase, MC1R, and TRP-2 in vaccine-treated melanoma patients. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 69 9862732
1998 Comparison of melanoma antigen recognized by T cells (MART-1) to HMB-45: additional evidence to support a common lineage for angiomyolipoma, lymphangiomyomatosis, and clear cell sugar tumor. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 68 9720495
1997 Immunobiology of human melanoma antigens MART-1 and gp100 and their use for immuno-gene therapy. International reviews of immunology 67 9131386
1994 Identification of MART-1-specific T-cell receptors: T cells utilizing distinct T-cell receptor variable and joining regions recognize the same tumor epitope. Cancer research 67 7522957
2002 The melanocytic protein Melan-A/MART-1 has a subcellular localization distinct from typical melanosomal proteins. Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) 66 12191019
2001 Primary melanoma tumour regression associated with an immune response to the tumour-associated antigen melan-A/MART-1. International journal of cancer 65 11745443
2001 Evaluation of micrometastases in sentinel lymph nodes of cutaneous melanoma: higher diagnostic accuracy with Melan-A and MART-1 compared with S-100 protein and HMB-45. The American journal of surgical pathology 64 11474288
1998 Melan A/MART-1 immunoreactivity in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary and metastatic melanoma: frequency and distribution. Melanoma research 64 9764809
2009 Treatment of metastatic melanoma with autologous Melan-A/MART-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones. The Journal of investigative dermatology 62 19554023
2006 Adoptive transfer of allogeneic cytotoxic T lymphocytes equipped with a HLA-A2 restricted MART-1 T-cell receptor: a phase I trial in metastatic melanoma. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 62 16489078
1999 Melanoma-associated antigen recognized by T cells (MART-1): the advent of a preferred immunocytochemical antibody for the diagnosis of metastatic malignant melanoma with fine-needle aspiration. Cancer 60 10096358
1997 Stimulation of CD8+ T cell responses to MAGE-3 and Melan A/MART-1 by immunization to a polyvalent melanoma vaccine. International journal of cancer 59 9378560
2008 Phase 1 trial of intranodal injection of a Melan-A/MART-1 DNA plasmid vaccine in patients with stage IV melanoma. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 57 18481391
1999 Melan-A/Mart-1 expression in various melanocytic lesions and in non-melanocytic soft tissue tumours. Histopathology 55 10383696
1995 Peptide-specific CTL in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes from metastatic melanomas expressing MART-1/Melan-A, gp100 and Tyrosinase genes: a study in an unselected group of HLA-A2.1-positive patients. International journal of cancer 52 7591302
2012 Safety and immunogenicity of vaccination with MART-1 (26-35, 27L), gp100 (209-217, 210M), and tyrosinase (368-376, 370D) in adjuvant with PF-3512676 and GM-CSF in metastatic melanoma. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 51 22495394
2000 Generation of T-cell immunity to a murine melanoma using MART-1-engineered dendritic cells. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 51 10687138
1997 Effusion cytology of malignant melanoma. A morphologic and immunocytochemical analysis including application of the MART-1 antibody. Cancer 51 9100543
1997 Immunocytochemical detection of MART-1 in fresh and paraffin-embedded malignant melanomas. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 51 9101414
2002 Peptide-specific CD8+ T-cell evolution in vivo: response to peptide vaccination with Melan-A/MART-1. International journal of cancer 48 11920589
2001 A novel autocrine pathway of tumor escape from immune recognition: melanoma cell lines produce a soluble protein that diminishes expression of the gene encoding the melanocyte lineage melan-A/MART-1 antigen through down-modulation of its promoter. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 48 11466335
2001 Expression of S100a, vimentin, NSE, and melan A/MART-1 in seven canine melanoma cells lines and twenty-nine retrospective cases of canine melanoma. Veterinary pathology 48 11467477
1996 Expression of MAGE-1, MAGE-3 and MART-1 genes in neuroblastoma. International journal of cancer 48 8900375
2007 ORF73-null murine gammaherpesvirus 68 reveals roles for mLANA and p53 in virus replication. Journal of virology 46 17699571
1999 Expression of melanocyte-associated markers gp-100 and Melan-A/MART-1 in angiomyolipomas. An immunohistochemical and rt-PCR analysis. Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 46 10389626
1998 Overlapping peptides of melanocyte differentiation antigen Melan-A/MART-1 recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes in association with HLA-B45.1 and HLA-A2.1. International journal of cancer 46 9455808
1998 Diversity of the fine specificity displayed by HLA-A*0201-restricted CTL specific for the immunodominant Melan-A/MART-1 antigenic peptide. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 45 9862730
1997 Differential expression of MART-1 in primary and metastatic melanoma lesions. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 45 9409451
2012 Human macrophages and dendritic cells can equally present MART-1 antigen to CD8(+) T cells after phagocytosis of gamma-irradiated melanoma cells. PloS one 44 22768350
2007 Monocyte-derived dendritic cells loaded with a mixture of apoptotic/necrotic melanoma cells efficiently cross-present gp100 and MART-1 antigens to specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes. Journal of translational medicine 43 17448240
2006 Melan-A/MART-1-specific CD4 T cells in melanoma patients: identification of new epitopes and ex vivo visualization of specific T cells by MHC class II tetramers. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 42 17082590
1996 Multiple HLA-A alleles can present an immunodominant peptide of the human melanoma antigen Melan-A/MART-1 to a peptide-specific HLA-A*0201+ cytotoxic T cell line. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 42 8752930
2006 Induction of strong and persistent MelanA/MART-1-specific immune responses by adjuvant dendritic cell-based vaccination of stage II melanoma patients. International journal of cancer 41 16353138
2001 A new generation of Melan-A/MART-1 peptides that fulfill both increased immunogenicity and high resistance to biodegradation: implication for molecular anti-melanoma immunotherapy. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 40 11698460
1998 Stringent allele/epitope requirements for MART-1/Melan A immunodominance: implications for peptide-based immunotherapy. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 39 9670966
2014 Misinitiation of intrathymic MART-1 transcription and biased TCR usage explain the high frequency of MART-1-specific T cells. European journal of immunology 38 24846220
2005 Phase I study of a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding MART-1 in patients with resected melanoma at risk for relapse. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 38 16000957
2005 Culture of melanoma cells in 3-dimensional architectures results in impaired immunorecognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for Melan-A/MART-1 tumor-associated antigen. Annals of surgery 37 16327495
2003 Adoptive transfer of an anti-MART-1(27-35)-specific CD8+ T cell clone leads to immunoselection of human melanoma antigen-loss variants in SCID mice. European journal of immunology 37 12645955
2008 Silencing of endogenous IL-10 in human dendritic cells leads to the generation of an improved CTL response against human melanoma associated antigenic epitope, MART-1 27-35. Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) 36 18249038
2004 HMB-45 (gp103) and MART-1 expression within giant cells in an atypical fibroxanthoma: a case report. Journal of cutaneous pathology 34 14984584
2002 Hypopigmentation associated with an adenovirus-mediated gp100/MART-1-transduced dendritic cell vaccine for metastatic melanoma. Archives of dermatology 31 12056962
2002 Apoptotic body-loaded dendritic cells efficiently cross-prime cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for NA17-A antigen but not for Melan-A/MART-1 antigen. International journal of cancer 31 12209980
2002 Large and dissimilar repertoire of Melan-A/MART-1-specific CTL in metastatic lesions and blood of a melanoma patient. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 31 12244204
2003 Suboptimal activation of CD8(+) T cells by melanoma-derived altered peptide ligands: role of Melan-A/MART-1 optimized analogues. Cancer research 30 12670905
2002 Frequency of MART-1/MelanA and gp100/PMel17-specific T cells in tumor metastases and cultured tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 30 12000867
2000 Synthetic insertion signal sequences enhance MHC class I presentation of a peptide from the melanoma antigen MART-1. European journal of immunology 29 10940901
2022 MART-1 TCR gene-modified peripheral blood T cells for the treatment of metastatic melanoma: a phase I/IIa clinical trial. Immuno-oncology technology 28 35865122
2014 The antibody response against MART-1 differs in patients with melanoma-associated leucoderma and vitiligo. Pigment cell & melanoma research 28 25043574
2011 Coat color dilution in mice because of inactivation of the melanoma antigen MART-1. Pigment cell & melanoma research 28 21943097
2009 Inhibition of superoxide generation upon T-cell receptor engagement rescues Mart-1(27-35)-reactive T cells from activation-induced cell death. Cancer research 28 19638595
2005 Differential expression of MART-1, tyrosinase, and SM5-1 in primary and metastatic melanoma. The American Journal of dermatopathology 28 16148409
2004 Computational peptide dissection of Melan-a/MART-1 oncoprotein antigenicity. Peptides 28 15501517
2010 Enhanced receptor expression and in vitro effector function of a murine-human hybrid MART-1-reactive T cell receptor following a rapid expansion. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 27 20628878

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