Affinage

IL3RA

Interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha · UniProt P26951

Length
378 aa
Mass
43.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 15 papers cited in narrative 16 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/7 claims corpus-supported (86%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

IL3RA (CD123) is the cell-surface alpha subunit of the interleukin-3 receptor that transduces IL-3 signals through STAT5 and AKT to support myeloid and leukemic cell survival (PMID:28096272). Its surface expression is set transcriptionally by Jmjd2/Kdm4 H3K9/H3K36 demethylases, which remove repressive H3K9me3 from the IL3RA promoter; loss of Jmjd2a/b/c raises promoter H3K9me3 and lowers IL3RA transcription, and ectopic IL3RA rescues the survival defect of demethylase-deficient AML cells, establishing IL3RA as a critical downstream effector of this epigenetic axis (PMID:27257215). CD123 is expressed on essentially all primary AML samples, including CD34+CD38- leukemic stem cells, making it a dominant target for immunotherapy (PMID:28574487). Antibodies against its N-terminal domain neutralize IL-3 signaling and drive selective killing of leukemic blasts via NK-cell ADCC and, when reformatted as anti-CD3 bispecifics, via autologous T cells (PMID:25248882, PMID:31326578). Following antibody or ligand engagement CD123 undergoes receptor-mediated internalization, enabling delivery of cytotoxic payloads — immunotoxins, Pseudomonas-exotoxin and diphtheria-toxin fusions, and antibody-drug conjugates — that kill cells through protein-synthesis inhibition, DNA damage, and apoptosis (PMID:17667524, PMID:29142066, PMID:28096272). Resistance to CD123-directed therapy arises not from loss of receptor but from downstream determinants such as silencing of the diphthamide-biosynthesis gene DPH1 (reversible by azacitidine) and from CD64 expression on blasts that blocks ADCC (PMID:31437130, PMID:36635380). CD123 is functionally required in normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, and epitope engineering of the receptor shields these cells from CD123-targeted CAR-T cytotoxicity while preserving their function (PMID:37773046, PMID:39353428).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 1993 High

    Establishing the chromosomal location of IL3RA defined the gene as a pseudoautosomal locus, providing the genetic foundation for studying its regulation and inheritance.

    Evidence Southern blotting, PFGE, FISH, and somatic cell hybrid mapping with an EcoRI RFLP

    PMID:8213838

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not address receptor function or signaling
    • No link to disease at this stage
  2. 2016 High

    Identifying Jmjd2/Kdm4-mediated H3K9me3 removal at the IL3RA promoter answered how CD123 expression is set in leukemia and placed IL3RA as a survival-critical effector downstream of an epigenetic axis.

    Evidence Conditional Jmjd2a/b/c knockout, ChIP for H3K9me3 at the Il3ra promoter, and ectopic Il3ra rescue in AML survival assays

    PMID:27257215

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism is defined in mouse AML models
    • Does not establish what downstream signaling IL3RA drives to support survival
  3. 2007 Medium

    Single-chain Fv immunotoxins showed CD123 could deliver cytotoxic cargo into leukemia cells, and optimizing the ER-retrieval sequence enhanced potency, validating CD123 as a payload-delivery receptor.

    Evidence In vitro cytotoxicity and binding assays with site-directed mutagenesis of the C-terminal retention sequence (REDLK to KDEL)

    PMID:17667524

    Open questions at the time
    • Tested in cell lines, not primary patient material in this study
    • No in vivo validation
  4. 2014 Medium

    Demonstrating that an anti-CD123 antibody saturates and downregulates surface CD123 and abolishes IL-3 proliferative responses confirmed that CD123 blockade inhibits IL-3 receptor signaling in patients.

    Evidence Phase 1 pharmacodynamics: flow cytometry for receptor saturation and ex vivo IL-3 proliferation assay

    PMID:25248882

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not detail the intracellular signaling cascade
    • Clinical efficacy not established by pharmacodynamics alone
  5. 2017 Medium

    CD123 expression on 100% of AML samples including leukemic stem cells, coupled with NK-mediated ADCC, established CD123 as a target reaching the LSC compartment.

    Evidence Flow cytometry expression profiling and in vitro NK-cell ADCC with primary AML samples (CSL362)

    PMID:28574487

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-lab functional assays
    • Does not address off-tumor expression or resistance
  6. 2017 Medium

    Mechanistic dissection of internalizing CD123 conjugates clarified how delivered payloads kill cells — via DNA damage response, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis after receptor-mediated internalization.

    Evidence In vitro cytotoxicity, DNA damage response and cell-cycle analysis, apoptosis assays, and xenografts (SGN-CD123A); competitive endocytosis assays (niosomes)

    PMID:28574300 PMID:29142066

    Open questions at the time
    • Niosome internalization evidence rests on a single competitive-inhibition method without structural/mutagenesis validation
    • Internalization kinetics and trafficking route not fully resolved
  7. 2019 High

    Combining crystallography with functional reformatting showed that distinct N-terminal epitopes can be exploited, and that BiTE format and epitope choice tune the potency of T-cell-mediated AML killing.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography, SPOT peptide epitope mapping, ADCC and anti-CD3 BiTE killing assays with primary AML blasts

    PMID:31326578

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for the potency difference between epitopes not fully explained
    • In vivo BiTE efficacy not established here
  8. 2019 Medium

    Mechanistic studies of an scFv-Pseudomonas exotoxin fusion linked CD123 engagement to rapid internalization, protein-synthesis inhibition, apoptosis, and blockade of IL-3-induced p-STAT5 and p-AKT, defining the receptor's signaling outputs.

    Evidence Internalization, protein-synthesis inhibition, phospho-flow for p-STAT5/p-AKT, apoptosis, colony-forming and PDX assays (SL-101)

    PMID:28096272

    Open questions at the time
    • Signaling readouts measured as drug effects rather than primary receptor biochemistry
    • Single-lab study
  9. 2019 High

    Identifying that DPH1 silencing — not CD123 loss — drives tagraxofusp resistance reframed therapeutic failure as a payload-pathway problem reversible by demethylating agents.

    Evidence ADP-ribosylation assays, DPH1 promoter methylation analysis, azacitidine rescue, and PDX models from patient samples

    PMID:31437130

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific to diphthamide-dependent toxin payloads
    • Does not address resistance to non-toxin CD123 therapies
  10. 2018 Medium

    Comparative payload analysis established that a mono-alkylating IGN payload, not the antibody, confers the therapeutic window against normal myeloid progenitors.

    Evidence Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity in AML cells, primary samples, and normal progenitors, plus xenografts (IMGN632 vs crosslinking X-ADC)

    PMID:29661755

    Open questions at the time
    • Therapeutic window inferred from in vitro/xenograft comparisons
    • Clinical resistance mechanisms not addressed
  11. 2023 Medium

    Two findings defined limits to CD123 immunotherapy: CD64 on blasts blocks ADCC as a tumor-intrinsic escape mechanism, and CD123 upregulation on endothelial cells by CAR-T-derived IFN-γ/TNF-α explains on-target off-tumor toxicity.

    Evidence ADCC assays stratified by CD64 expression; co-culture with cytokine ELISA and neutralizing antibodies

    PMID:31417286 PMID:36635380

    Open questions at the time
    • Endothelial upregulation evidence is a single-lab in vitro co-culture with limited mechanistic depth (Low confidence)
    • CD64-mediated resistance shown in vitro only
  12. 2024 High

    Epitope engineering of CD123 in normal HSPCs demonstrated the receptor is functionally required for HSPC fitness yet can be modified to evade CAR-T while preserving differentiation, enabling selective protection of healthy hematopoiesis.

    Evidence Base and prime editing of the CD123 epitope, CAR-T cytotoxicity, differentiation assays, and humanized mouse transplantation

    PMID:37773046 PMID:39353428

    Open questions at the time
    • Precise function of CD123 in normal HSPCs not molecularly defined
    • Long-term safety of edited grafts not established

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The primary biochemistry of CD123 signaling — its direct interaction with the IL-3 receptor beta chain, downstream effector recruitment, and the molecular basis of its requirement in normal HSPCs — remains uncharacterized in this corpus.
  • No reconstitution of the IL-3 receptor signaling complex
  • Molecular role of CD123 in normal HSPC fitness undefined
  • STAT5/AKT activation inferred mainly from drug-blockade experiments

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0038024 cargo receptor activity 3 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 2 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 2

Evidence

Reading pass · 16 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1993 The IL3RA gene (encoding the IL-3 receptor alpha chain, CD123) was mapped to the X-Y pseudoautosomal region at bands Xp22.3 and Yp11.3 by Southern analysis of somatic cell hybrid panels, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and fluorescence chromosomal in situ hybridization. Pseudoautosomal inheritance was demonstrated by an EcoRI RFLP. Southern blotting, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, fluorescence in situ hybridization, somatic cell hybrid analysis American journal of human genetics High 8213838
2016 Expression of IL3RA (CD123) on AML cells is transcriptionally regulated by the H3K9/H3K36 demethylases Jmjd2/Kdm4 through removal of H3K9me3 from the Il3ra gene promoter. Conditional triple-knockout of Jmjd2a/b/c reduced IL3ra expression, and ectopic re-expression of Il3ra in knockout cells rescued AML cell survival, establishing Il3ra as a critical downstream effector of Jmjd2/Kdm4 in leukemia. Conditional knockout mouse genetics, chromatin immunoprecipitation (H3K9me3 at Il3ra promoter), rescue by ectopic Il3ra expression, in vitro and in vivo AML survival assays Genes & development High 27257215
2019 Resistance to tagraxofusp (IL-3 fused to diphtheria toxin targeting CD123) was mechanistically linked to deficiencies in the diphthamide biosynthesis pathway (specifically reduced DPH1 expression via CpG methylation), which impairs the drug's ability to ADP-ribosylate its cellular targets. DNA methyltransferase inhibitor azacitidine restored DPH1 expression and tagraxofusp sensitivity. Resistance was not associated with loss of CD123 expression. Drug resistance characterization in patient samples and cell lines, ADP-ribosylation assay, bisulfite/methylation analysis of DPH1 promoter, azacitidine rescue experiments, patient-derived xenograft models The Journal of clinical investigation High 31437130
2017 The anti-CD123 antibody CSL362 demonstrated that CD123 is expressed on 100% of primary AML samples including CD34+CD38-CD123+ leukemic stem cells, and that CSL362 potently induces antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) of AML blasts including LSCs by NK cells. NK cells from AML patients in remission had comparable ADCC activity to healthy donor NK cells. Flow cytometry, in vitro ADCC assays with NK cells, primary AML patient samples Blood cancer journal Medium 28574487
2014 The anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody CSL360 neutralizes IL-3 signaling: doses ≥3.0 mg/kg in AML patients resulted in complete saturation and down-regulation of CD123 on blasts and abolition of ex vivo proliferative responsiveness to IL-3, indicating that CD123 blockade inhibits IL-3 receptor signaling in vivo. Phase 1 clinical study with pharmacodynamic assessment: flow cytometry for CD123 surface saturation and ex vivo IL-3 proliferation assay Leukemia & lymphoma Medium 25248882
2007 Single-chain Fv immunotoxins targeting CD123 (26292(Fv)-PE38 and variants) bind CD123 with Kd of 3.5 nM and mediate specific cytotoxicity of CD123-expressing leukemia cell lines. Mutating the C-terminal REDLK to KDEL in 26292(Fv)-PE38 increased cytotoxic activity approximately 5-fold, demonstrating that optimizing ER-retrieval sequences enhances immunotoxin potency. Cytotoxicity was strictly dependent on CD123 expression level. In vitro cytotoxicity assays, binding affinity measurements, site-directed mutagenesis of C-terminal retention sequence Journal of immunotherapy Medium 17667524
2017 SGN-CD123A, a CD123-targeted antibody-drug conjugate using a pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer linker, mechanistically induces activation of DNA damage response pathways, cell-cycle changes, and apoptosis in AML cells following receptor-mediated internalization. In vitro cytotoxicity assays, DNA damage response pathway analysis, cell-cycle analysis, apoptosis assays, in vivo xenograft models Molecular cancer therapeutics Medium 29142066
2017 Anti-CD123 antibody-modified niosomes demonstrated receptor-mediated endocytic internalization by CD123+ AML cells, with uptake efficiency dependent on antibody (ligand) density. Preincubation with free anti-CD123 antibody competitively blocked niosome uptake, confirming the CD123-mediated endocytic mechanism. Flow cytometry, competitive inhibition assay, uptake mechanism analysis in AML cell lines Drug delivery Low 28574300
2019 SL-101, an anti-CD123 single-chain Fv fused to Pseudomonas exotoxin A, mediates cytotoxicity via rapid internalization of the antibody conjugate, sustained inhibition of protein synthesis, induction of apoptosis, and blockade of IL-3-induced p-STAT5 and p-AKT signaling pathways in CD123+ AML cells. Internalization assay, protein synthesis inhibition assay, apoptosis assay, phospho-flow cytometry for p-STAT5 and p-AKT, colony-forming assay, patient-derived xenograft Clinical cancer research Medium 28096272
2019 Two anti-CD123 antibodies (H9 and CSL362) recognize different epitopes on the N-terminal domain of CD123, as revealed by crystallography and SPOT peptide analysis. Both antibodies in IgG1 format mediate selective killing of leukemic cells in ADCC assays; when reformatted as bispecific BiTE reagents fused to anti-CD3, CSL362-BiTE exhibited ~10-fold higher potency than H9-BiTE in killing AML blasts by autologous T cells. X-ray crystallography, SPOT peptide epitope mapping, in vitro ADCC assays, BiTE-mediated T-cell killing assays with primary AML patient blasts Leukemia research High 31326578
2023 Expression of CD64 (high-affinity Fc receptor) on AML blasts confers resistance to anti-CD123 antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro, identifying a mechanism by which AML cells evade CD123-targeted antibody therapy. In vitro ADCC assay with primary AML blasts stratified by CD64 expression Nature biotechnology Medium 36635380
2019 CD123 surface expression on endothelial cells is upregulated when co-cultured with activated CART123 cells, and this upregulation is mediated by IFN-γ and TNF-α released by CAR T cells. Neutralization of IFN-γ and TNF-α reversed CD123 upregulation on endothelial cells. CD123 is also expressed on CART123 cells themselves and is upregulated upon T-cell activation, potentially causing fratricide. Flow cytometry, co-culture model, ELISA for cytokines, neutralizing antibody experiments OncoTargets and therapy Low 31417286
2018 IMGN632 (anti-CD123 antibody conjugated to a DNA mono-alkylating IGN payload) demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against AML cell lines and primary patient samples independent of multidrug resistance status. Mechanistically, it was >40-fold less cytotoxic to normal myeloid progenitors than a DNA crosslinking IGN-ADC (X-ADC) using the same antibody, establishing that the mono-alkylating payload confers the therapeutic window. In vitro cytotoxicity assays in AML cell lines, primary AML samples, normal bone marrow progenitors; in vivo AML xenograft models; comparative ADC payload analysis Blood advances Medium 29661755
2016 CD123 expression is dependent on Jmjd2/Kdm4-mediated H3K9me3 demethylation at the IL3RA gene promoter. Loss of Jmjd2a/b/c in AML cells increases H3K9me3 at the IL3ra promoter and reduces IL3ra transcript levels, while ectopic IL3ra expression rescues the AML cell survival defect caused by Jmjd2/Kdm4 knockout. ChIP for H3K9me3 at IL3ra promoter, RT-qPCR, conditional knockout, ectopic expression rescue Genes & development High 27257215
2023 Epitope engineering of CD123 on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) shields them from CD123-targeted CAR T-cell cytotoxicity while preserving HSPC function. CD123-deficient HSPCs displayed a competitive disadvantage, indicating that CD123 is functionally required in normal HSPCs but that epitope modification (not complete deletion) maintains function while evading immunotherapy. Genome editing (base editors/prime editors) of CD123 epitope in HSPCs, CAR T-cell cytotoxicity assays, transplantation into humanized mice, differentiation and engraftment assessment The Journal of experimental medicine High 37773046
2024 Prime editing of the CD123 epitope in HSPCs (increasing editing efficiency from 5.9% to 78.9%) renders cells resistant to anti-CD123 CAR-T lysis while retaining normal differentiation and function. In humanized mice, epitope-modified HSPCs engraft and endow myeloid lineages with selective resistance to CD123-targeted CAR-T immunotherapy. Base editing and prime editing, CAR-T cytotoxicity assays, differentiation assays, humanized mouse transplantation model Cell stem cell High 39353428

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2016 Dual CD19 and CD123 targeting prevents antigen-loss relapses after CD19-directed immunotherapies. The Journal of clinical investigation 485 27571406
2014 Distribution and levels of cell surface expression of CD33 and CD123 in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood cancer journal 285 24927407
2001 Reduced blood CD123+ (lymphoid) and CD11c+ (myeloid) dendritic cell numbers in primary HIV-1 infection. Blood 261 11698285
2001 Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain (CD123) is widely expressed in hematologic malignancies. Haematologica 240 11726317
2014 Chimeric antigen receptors against CD33/CD123 antigens efficiently target primary acute myeloid leukemia cells in vivo. Leukemia 239 24504024
2001 Bacterial CpG-DNA triggers activation and maturation of human CD11c-, CD123+ dendritic cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 224 11290780
2015 Targeting CD123 in acute myeloid leukemia using a T-cell-directed dual-affinity retargeting platform. Blood 151 26531164
2018 A CD123-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, IMGN632, designed to eradicate AML while sparing normal bone marrow cells. Blood advances 149 29661755
2019 CD123 as a Therapeutic Target in the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies. Cancers 128 31547472
2017 Balance of Anti-CD123 Chimeric Antigen Receptor Binding Affinity and Density for the Targeting of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 127 28479045
2007 Expression of the target receptor CD33 in CD34+/CD38-/CD123+ AML stem cells. European journal of clinical investigation 125 17181570
2017 Optimization of Human NK Cell Manufacturing: Fully Automated Separation, Improved Ex Vivo Expansion Using IL-21 with Autologous Feeder Cells, and Generation of Anti-CD123-CAR-Expressing Effector Cells. Human gene therapy 112 28810809
2014 A Phase 1 study of the safety, pharmacokinetics and anti-leukemic activity of the anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody CSL360 in relapsed, refractory or high-risk acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia & lymphoma 107 25248882
2022 Safe and effective off-the-shelf immunotherapy based on CAR.CD123-NK cells for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia. Journal of hematology & oncology 92 36335396
2021 Demethylating therapy increases anti-CD123 CAR T cell cytotoxicity against acute myeloid leukemia. Nature communications 91 34750374
2007 New immunotoxins targeting CD123, a stem cell antigen on acute myeloid leukemia cells. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 86 17667524
2023 Control of acute myeloid leukemia by a trifunctional NKp46-CD16a-NK cell engager targeting CD123. Nature biotechnology 83 36635380
2020 Rapidly Switchable Universal CAR-T Cells for Treatment of CD123-Positive Leukemia. Molecular therapy oncolytics 82 32462078
2017 Characterization of SGN-CD123A, A Potent CD123-Directed Antibody-Drug Conjugate for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Molecular cancer therapeutics 78 29142066
2009 Overexpression of CD123 correlates with the hyperdiploid genotype in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 77 19454491
2016 CD123-Engager T Cells as a Novel Immunotherapeutic for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 75 27401038
2004 The diagnostic value of CD123 in B-cell disorders with hairy or villous lymphocytes. Haematologica 75 15020268
2019 Dual Expression of TCF4 and CD123 Is Highly Sensitive and Specific For Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm. The American journal of surgical pathology 74 31261288
2015 A Leukemia-Associated CD34/CD123/CD25/CD99+ Immunophenotype Identifies FLT3-Mutated Clones in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 71 25957287
2019 DNA methyltransferase inhibition overcomes diphthamide pathway deficiencies underlying CD123-targeted treatment resistance. The Journal of clinical investigation 67 31437130
2018 CD123 expression patterns and selective targeting with a CD123-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (IMGN632) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 66 30361418
2016 Jmjd2/Kdm4 demethylases are required for expression of Il3ra and survival of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Genes & development 65 27257215
2022 Generation and proof-of-concept for allogeneic CD123 CAR-Delta One T (DOT) cells in acute myeloid leukemia. Journal for immunotherapy of cancer 63 36162920
2020 Decitabine-Mediated Epigenetic Reprograming Enhances Anti-leukemia Efficacy of CD123-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells. Frontiers in immunology 62 32973749
2020 41BB-based and CD28-based CD123-redirected T-cells ablate human normal hematopoiesis in vivo. Journal for immunotherapy of cancer 59 32527933
2016 Immunoprofiling of leukemic stem cells CD34+/CD38-/CD123+ delineate FLT3/ITD-positive clones. Journal of hematology & oncology 59 27465508
2022 Allogeneic TCRαβ deficient CAR T-cells targeting CD123 in acute myeloid leukemia. Nature communications 58 35484102
2014 CD123 and its potential clinical application in leukemias. Life sciences 58 25445480
2016 Redirecting Specificity of T cells Using the Sleeping Beauty System to Express Chimeric Antigen Receptors by Mix-and-Matching of VL and VH Domains Targeting CD123+ Tumors. PloS one 52 27548616
2009 Progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in immunosuppressed patients is associated with reduced CD123+ and FOXP3+ cells in the perineoplastic inflammatory infiltrate. Histopathology 51 19614769
1993 Gene for the alpha-subunit of the human interleukin-3 receptor (IL3RA) localized to the X-Y pseudoautosomal region. American journal of human genetics 50 8213838
2020 CD123 as a Biomarker in Hematolymphoid Malignancies: Principles of Detection and Targeted Therapies. Cancers 48 33113953
2015 T cells expressing CD123 chimeric antigen receptors for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Current opinion in hematology 47 26457961
2011 Characteristic CD103 and CD123 expression pattern defines hairy cell leukemia: usefulness of CD123 and CD103 in the diagnosis of mature B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. American journal of clinical pathology 46 21917686
2018 Histone deacetylase inhibitor targets CD123/CD47-positive cells and reverse chemoresistance phenotype in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 45 30291336
2023 CAR-T cells dual-target CD123 and NKG2DLs to eradicate AML cells and selectively target immunosuppressive cells. Oncoimmunology 44 37645216
2004 Acute graft-versus-host disease and steroid treatment impair CD11c+ and CD123+ dendritic cell reconstitution after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation 43 14750076
2017 CD123 target validation and preclinical evaluation of ADCC activity of anti-CD123 antibody CSL362 in combination with NKs from AML patients in remission. Blood cancer journal 42 28574487
2009 CD123-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells in primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: diagnostic and pathogenetic implications. The American journal of surgical pathology 41 19718787
2020 CD28/4-1BB CD123 CAR T cells in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. Leukemia 40 32111969
2017 Antileukemia Efficacy and Mechanisms of Action of SL-101, a Novel Anti-CD123 Antibody Conjugate, in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 40 28096272
2022 Targeting CD123 in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm using allogeneic anti-CD123 CAR T cells. Nature communications 39 35484100
2021 CD123 Expression Is Associated With High-Risk Disease Characteristics in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 39 34855461
2019 IFN-γ and TNF-α aggravate endothelial damage caused by CD123-targeted CAR T cell. OncoTargets and therapy 38 31417286
2018 The interleukin-3 receptor CD123 targeted SL-401 mediates potent cytotoxic activity against CD34+CD123+ cells from acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome patients and healthy donors. Haematologica 38 29773600
2011 Hypertrophic lupus erythematosus: the diagnostic utility of CD123 staining. Journal of cutaneous pathology 38 21955314
2019 CD123 CAR T cells for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome. Experimental hematology 37 31136781
2014 Increased CD34+CD38 -CD123 + cells in myelodysplastic syndrome displaying malignant features similar to those in AML. International journal of hematology 37 24846193
2009 Distinct expression patterns of CD123 and CD34 on normal bone marrow B-cell precursors ("hematogones") and B lymphoblastic leukemia blasts. American journal of clinical pathology 37 19762535
2023 CD123 a Therapeutic Target for Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Blastic Plasmocytoid Dendritic Neoplasm. International journal of molecular sciences 36 36769040
2019 Chimeric Antigen Receptors Incorporating D Domains Targeting CD123 Direct Potent Mono- and Bi-specific Antitumor Activity of T Cells. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 35 31043341
2021 CD123 Is Consistently Expressed on NPM1-Mutated AML Cells. Cancers 32 33525388
2021 Improved Activity against Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-NK-92 Cells Designed to Target CD123. Viruses 32 34372571
2023 Epitope-engineered human hematopoietic stem cells are shielded from CD123-targeted immunotherapy. The Journal of experimental medicine 31 37773046
2016 The expression of CD123 can decrease with basophil activation: implications for the gating strategy of the basophil activation test. Clinical and translational allergy 31 27042292
2013 CD123 immunohistochemical expression in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with underlying FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations. Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM 30 22914610
2010 Enrichment of N-Cadherin and Tie2-bearing CD34+/CD38-/CD123+ leukemic stem cells by chemotherapy-resistance. Cancer letters 30 20444543
2017 Anti-CD123 chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CART): an evolving treatment strategy for hematological malignancies, and a potential ace-in-the-hole against antigen-negative relapse. Leukemia & lymphoma 29 28901790
2010 Flow cytometric analysis of CD123 is useful for immunophenotyping classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Cytometry. Part B, Clinical cytometry 29 20809502
2023 Bispecific CD33/CD123 targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Molecular therapy oncolytics 28 38075241
2019 Utility of CD123 immunohistochemistry in differentiating lupus erythematosus from cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Histopathology 26 30597607
2019 Impact of CD123 expression, analyzed by immunohistochemistry, on clinical outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. International journal of hematology 26 30847774
2014 Expression of CD90, CD96, CD117, and CD123 on different hematopoietic cell populations from pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Archives of medical research 26 24751333
2020 A Real-world Perspective of CD123 Expression in Acute Leukemia as Promising Biomarker to Predict Treatment Outcome in B-ALL and AML. Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia 25 32561191
2024 Dual-targeting CD33/CD123 NANOBODY T-cell engager with potent anti-AML activity and good safety profile. Blood advances 24 38266153
2023 Tandem bispecific CD123/CLL-1 CAR-T cells exhibit specific cytolytic effector functions against human acute myeloid leukaemia. European journal of haematology 23 37712633
2020 Targeting Two Antigens Associated with B-ALL with CD19-CD123 Compound Car T Cell Therapy. Stem cell reviews and reports 23 31970687
2016 CD123 immunohistochemistry for plasmacytoid dendritic cells is useful in the diagnosis of scarring alopecia. Journal of cutaneous pathology 22 27130548
2023 Bicistronic CAR-T cells targeting CD123 and CLL1 for AML to reduce the risk of antigen escape. Translational oncology 21 37224766
2020 CD123 as a Therapeutic Target Against Malignant Stem Cells. Hematology/oncology clinics of North America 21 32336419
2018 CD16+NK-92 and anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody prolongs survival in primary human acute myeloid leukemia xenografted mice. Haematologica 21 29976748
2014 N-Cadherin and Tie2 positive CD34⁺CD38⁻CD123⁺ leukemic stem cell populations can develop acute myeloid leukemia more effectively in NOD/SCID mice. Leukemia research 21 24703771
2024 Epitope prime editing shields hematopoietic cells from CD123 immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Cell stem cell 20 39353428
2020 The Art and Science of Selecting a CD123-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor for Clinical Testing. Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development 20 32775492
2019 Tagraxofusp, the first CD123-targeted therapy and first targeted treatment for blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. Expert review of clinical pharmacology 20 31465247
2017 Anti-CD123 antibody-modified niosomes for targeted delivery of daunorubicin against acute myeloid leukemia. Drug delivery 20 28574300
2010 Expression of dendritic cell markers CD11c/BDCA-1 and CD123/BDCA-2 in coronary artery disease upon activation in whole blood. Journal of immunological methods 20 20888334
2022 Development of [211At]astatine-based anti-CD123 radioimmunotherapy for acute leukemias and other CD123+ malignancies. Leukemia 19 35474099
2021 CD123-Targeted Nano-Curcumin Molecule Enhances Cytotoxic Efficacy in Leukemic Stem Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 19 34835741
2019 CD123: A Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis and Treatment of Leukemia. Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets 19 31244444
2018 Survival outcomes of CD34+CD38-LSCs and their expression of CD123 in adult AML patients. Oncotarget 19 30344921
2017 A novel immunoliposome mediated by CD123 antibody targeting to acute myeloid leukemia cells. International journal of pharmaceutics 19 28583331
2022 Transgenic Expression of IL15 Retains CD123-Redirected T Cells in a Less Differentiated State Resulting in Improved Anti-AML Activity in Autologous AML PDX Models. Frontiers in immunology 18 35615350
2021 Design and Production An Effective Bispecific Tandem Chimeric Antigen Receptor on T Cells against CD123 and Folate Receptor ß towards B-Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Blasts. Cell journal 18 34939758
2020 Immunotherapies Targeting CD123 for Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm. Hematology/oncology clinics of North America 18 32336421
2020 Targeting the alpha subunit of IL-3 receptor (CD123) in patients with acute leukemia. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics 18 32692611
2010 Expression of CD123 and CD114 on the bone marrow cells of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Chinese medical journal 18 20819538
2019 Development of a novel fully-human anti-CD123 antibody to target acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia research 17 31326578
2017 Quantitative flow cytometric evaluation of CD200, CD123, CD43 and CD52 as a tool for the differential diagnosis of mature B-cell neoplasms. Revista brasileira de hematologia e hemoterapia 17 28830605
2023 High placental expression of FLT1, LEP, PHYHIP and IL3RA - In persons of African ancestry with severe preeclampsia. Placenta 16 37949031
2022 CD123-directed allogeneic chimeric-antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN): Clinicopathological insights. Leukemia research 16 35963025
2020 Development of Highly Optimized Antibody-Drug Conjugates against CD33 and CD123 for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 16 33148666
2015 Langerhans cells (CD1a and CD207), dermal dendrocytes (FXIIIa) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (CD123) in skin lesions of leprosy patients. Microbial pathogenesis 16 26639680
2012 The value of immunohistochemistry for CD14, CD123, CD33, myeloperoxidase and CD68R in the diagnosis of acute and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemias. Histopathology 16 22348485
2021 Targeting CD123 in hematologic malignancies: identifying suitable patients for targeted therapy. Leukemia & lymphoma 15 33999767

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