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HMBOX1

Homeobox-containing protein 1 · UniProt Q6NT76

Length
420 aa
Mass
47.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
45 papers in source corpus 22 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: tie faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

HMBOX1 is a homeodomain-containing transcriptional repressor with dual roles in telomere maintenance and the negative regulation of inflammatory and stress-response signaling (PMID:23685356, PMID:16825764, PMID:30032072). At telomeres, HMBOX1 (also termed HOT1/TAH1) directly and specifically binds double-stranded telomere repeats, associates with the active telomerase complex to promote its chromatin loading, and thereby acts as a positive regulator of telomere length (PMID:23685356); in ALT cells it localizes to PML/APB nuclear bodies and supports ALT-associated C-circle production and telomere integrity (PMID:23813958). Its repressor function depends on the homeodomain, loss of which abolishes most reporter repression (PMID:19757162). As a transcriptional regulator, HMBOX1 represses defined target genes including the IFN-γ promoter in NK cells (PMID:21839858), glucokinase (Gck) in cardiomyocytes downstream of the upstream repressor ETS1 (PMID:38708602), and the glutamine transporter SLC1A5 to restrain macrophage proliferation (PMID:37208615), while it activates transcription of the E3 ligase HACE1, which drives K63-ubiquitination and degradation of ATG5 to inhibit autophagy and sensitize colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU (PMID:40126194). Across multiple cell types HMBOX1 functions as a brake on NF-κB and MAPK signaling, limiting inflammatory cytokine and chemokine output and protecting cells from injury and apoptosis (PMID:30032072, PMID:30358079, PMID:35222701). It also restrains NK-cell cytotoxicity by downregulating the NKG2D/DAP10 pathway (PMID:21706044) and supports endothelial cell survival, in part through an interaction with metallothionein MT2A that raises intracellular free zinc to modulate autophagy and apoptosis (PMID:26456220, PMID:31583496). HMBOX1 expression is itself controlled post-transcriptionally by m6A modification, with WTAP destabilizing and METTL3 stabilizing its mRNA, and by 3'UTR-targeting miRNAs such as miR-885-5p (PMID:32814762, PMID:36174712, PMID:35345489).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 9 steps
  1. 2006 Medium

    Established the foundational biochemical identity of HMBOX1 as a transcriptional repressor and defined its subcellular distribution, framing all subsequent functional work.

    Evidence EGFP-fusion live imaging and GAL4-fusion luciferase reporter assays in HEK-293T cells

    PMID:16825764

    Open questions at the time
    • No endogenous target genes identified
    • DNA-binding specificity not defined
    • Repression mechanism/co-repressor partners unknown
  2. 2009 Medium

    Mapped the determinant of repressor activity to the homeodomain, linking the protein's structural module to its molecular function.

    Evidence Characterization of the homeodomain-lacking HMBOX1b splice variant by RT-PCR and reporter assay

    PMID:19728927 PMID:19757162

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify direct DNA targets of the homeodomain
    • Functional role of the splice variant in vivo unknown
  3. 2011 Medium

    Placed HMBOX1 in immune regulation by showing it suppresses NK-cell cytotoxicity and IFN-γ, defining an immunosuppressive transcriptional output.

    Evidence Gain-/loss-of-function in NK cells with cytotoxicity assays and IFN-γ promoter luciferase reporter

    PMID:21706044 PMID:21839858

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct binding of HMBOX1 to the NKG2D locus not shown
    • Mechanism linking HMBOX1 to NKG2D/DAP10 downregulation unresolved
  4. 2013 High

    Identified HMBOX1 as a sequence-specific double-stranded telomere-binding protein that recruits telomerase, resolving its core nuclear function in telomere length control and ALT.

    Evidence SILAC DNA-protein screen, in vitro binding, telomerase co-IP, fractionation; plus APB co-localization and C-circle assays in ALT cells

    PMID:23685356 PMID:23813958

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of telomere repeat recognition not solved
    • How telomere binding relates to its repressor activity at other loci is unclear
  5. 2015 Medium

    Connected HMBOX1 to cytoprotective metal homeostasis by identifying MT2A as a physical partner controlling intracellular zinc and downstream autophagy/apoptosis.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, co-IP, zinc chelation (TPEN) and apoptosis/autophagy assays in vascular endothelial cells

    PMID:26456220

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the MT2A interaction is transcriptional or post-translational unclear
    • Direct zinc-sensing role not established
  6. 2018 High

    Genetically established HMBOX1 as an in vivo brake on NF-κB/MAPK inflammatory signaling, moving beyond cell-line correlations.

    Evidence Hepatocyte-specific conditional KO mice in acute liver failure model with NF-κB readouts and overexpression rescue; endothelial knockdown of NF-κB/MAPK

    PMID:30032072 PMID:30358079 PMID:31583496 PMID:35222701

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct transcriptional targets within the NF-κB axis not defined
    • Mechanism by which a nuclear repressor restrains cytoplasmic signaling unresolved
  7. 2022 Medium

    Revealed that HMBOX1 abundance is set post-transcriptionally by opposing m6A regulators and miRNAs, explaining context-dependent expression.

    Evidence MeRIP/RIP with WTAP and METTL3 manipulation; luciferase 3'UTR reporter for miR-885-5p

    PMID:32814762 PMID:35345489 PMID:36174712

    Open questions at the time
    • Which m6A reader executes the stability change not identified
    • Whether m6A regulation operates in vivo across tissues unknown
  8. 2024 High

    Identified glucokinase as a direct repressed target and ETS1 as an upstream repressor, defining a cardiac metabolic axis controlled by HMBOX1 in vivo.

    Evidence Cardiac-specific KO mice, AAV9 knockdown, ChIP/promoter binding, Akt/mTOR/P70S6K pathway analysis in I/R injury

    PMID:38708602

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ETS1-HMBOX1 regulation extends beyond cardiac tissue unknown
    • Co-repressor machinery at the Gck promoter not characterized
  9. 2025 High

    Extended HMBOX1's repertoire to transcriptional activation, showing it induces HACE1 to drive K63-ubiquitination and degradation of ATG5 and control autophagy-linked chemosensitivity.

    Evidence ChIP for HACE1 transcription, co-IP for ATG5 ubiquitination, cycloheximide chase, in vitro/in vivo CRC assays; plus PTPN1/AKT1 axis in HCC

    PMID:40126194 PMID:41574716

    Open questions at the time
    • How HMBOX1 switches between repression and activation is unexplained
    • Direct binding at the HACE1 promoter versus indirect activation needs further delineation

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • It remains unresolved how a single homeodomain protein integrates direct telomere binding, sequence-specific gene repression and activation, and suppression of cytoplasmic NF-κB/MAPK signaling into one coherent molecular mechanism.
  • No structure of HMBOX1 bound to DNA or partners
  • Co-regulator complexes undefined
  • Determinants of cell-type-specific target selection unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 6 GO:0003677 DNA binding 3
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 4 GO:0000228 nuclear chromosome 2 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 5 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 4 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 4 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 3 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 2
Partners
MT2A

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2013 HMBOX1 (HOT1) directly and specifically binds double-stranded telomere repeat sequences in vitro and associates with actively processed telomeres in vivo. It physically associates with the active telomerase complex and promotes chromatin association of telomerase, functioning as a positive regulator of telomere length. SILAC-based DNA-protein interaction screen, in vitro DNA binding assays, immunoprecipitation, cell fractionation, depletion and overexpression experiments The EMBO journal High 23685356
2013 HMBOX1 (TAH1) binds double-stranded telomeric DNA and associates with PML nuclear bodies (APBs) in ALT cells. TAH1 knockdown significantly reduced the number of APBs, increased DNA damage response signals at telomeres, and notably reduced telomere C-circles, indicating a role in ALT activity. Direct telomeric DNA binding assay, immunofluorescence co-localization with PML bodies, siRNA knockdown with quantification of APBs, C-circle assay, DNA damage response measurement Journal of cell science High 23813958
2006 HMBOX1 protein accumulates predominantly in the cytoplasm relative to the nucleus (EGFP fusion live imaging), and acts as a transcriptional repressor as demonstrated by GAL4-fusion luciferase reporter assay in HEK-293T cells. HMBOX1::EGFP fusion protein imaging, GAL4-fusion co-transfection luciferase reporter assay Cytogenetic and genome research Medium 16825764
2011 HMBOX1 overexpression inhibits NK cell natural cytotoxicity against tumor cells, degranulation (CD107a), and production of cytolytic proteins (perforin and granzymes) by negatively regulating expression of NKG2D and activation of the NKG2D/DAP10 signaling pathway; HMBOX1 knockdown reverses this effect. Overexpression and siRNA knockdown in NK cells, cytotoxicity assays, flow cytometry for CD107a, Western blot for perforin/granzymes, NKG2D/DAP10 pathway analysis Cellular & molecular immunology Medium 21706044
2011 HMBOX1 suppresses IFN-γ transcription in NK cells; overexpression inhibited IFN-γ expression and production in response to tumor cells and PMA/ionomycin, and luciferase reporter assay showed HMBOX1 directly suppresses the IFN-γ promoter activity. Overexpression in NK cells, luciferase reporter assay with IFN-γ promoter, ELISA for IFN-γ production, qPCR International immunopharmacology Medium 21839858
2015 HMBOX1 interacts with metallothionein 2A (MT2A) as identified by yeast two-hybrid and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. This interaction regulates intracellular free zinc levels; HMBOX1 overexpression elevated free zinc, and MT2A knockdown blocked this effect. HMBOX1-mediated regulation of zinc via MT2A inhibits apoptosis and promotes autophagy in vascular endothelial cells, as the zinc chelator TPEN reversed these effects. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, zinc chelation (TPEN), siRNA knockdown, apoptosis and autophagy assays Scientific reports Medium 26456220
2018 In hepatocytes, HMBOX1 negatively regulates NF-κB signal transduction; hepatocyte-specific HMBOX1 knockout increased CCL2 expression through NF-κB activation, enhancing macrophage infiltration and activation. Overexpression of HMBOX1 rescued liver injury in knockout mice. Hepatocyte-specific Hmbox1 conditional knockout mice, LPS/D-GalN acute liver failure model, NF-κB signaling assays, CCL2 measurement, macrophage infiltration and activation assays, HMBOX1 overexpression rescue experiment Molecular immunology High 30032072
2009 HMBOX1 splicing variant HMBOX1b, which lacks the homeodomain, retains only faint transcriptional repressor activity in reporter assays, demonstrating that the homeodomain is required for full transcriptional repressor function. RT-PCR characterization of splice variant, immunofluorescence for subcellular localization, transcriptional reporter assay Molecular biology reports Medium 19757162
2010 Hmbox1 upregulation is required for ABO-induced differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into vascular endothelial cells; Hmbox1 siRNA knockdown blocked ABO-induced BMSC differentiation and increased IP-10 while decreasing Ets-1, placing Hmbox1 upstream of IP-10 and Ets-1 in this pathway. siRNA knockdown, microarray analysis, RT-PCR, Western blot, capillary-like tube formation assay, endothelial marker expression analysis ACS chemical biology Medium 20822188
2012 Hmbox1 acts upstream of FGF-2 to regulate mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation into vascular endothelial cells; R-ABO-induced ESC differentiation into VECs requires Hmbox1, which acts upstream of FGF-2 in this pathway. Compound treatment, Hmbox1 knockdown/overexpression, endothelial differentiation assays, FGF-2 measurement Stem cells and development Medium 22671696
2020 WTAP-mediated m6A modification at the 3'UTR of HMBOX1 mRNA regulates HMBOX1 mRNA stability; WTAP promotes m6A modification on HMBOX1 mRNA leading to decreased HMBOX1 expression, and HMBOX1 acts downstream of WTAP in the PI3K/AKT pathway in osteosarcoma. m6A dot blot, MeRIP-seq, MeRIP-qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter assay, RNA-seq, in vitro and in vivo functional assays Cell death & disease Medium 32814762
2016 ANXA7 (annexin A7) is an endogenous regulator of HMBOX1 expression at the translational level; inhibition of ANXA7 GTPase activity by ABO elevates HMBOX1 protein through a mechanism involving TGFB2-OT1 and LARP1. ABO failed to increase HMBOX1 protein in ANXA7-deficient HUVECs. ANXA7 knockdown, GTPase activity inhibition, Western blot, protein translation level analysis, TGFB2-OT1/LARP1 pathway analysis in HUVECs and apoE-/- mice The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology Medium 27506770
2018 HMBOX1 inhibits LPS-induced NF-κB and MAPK signaling in endothelial cells; HMBOX1 knockdown abolished the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of TDD and blocked inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK activation, establishing HMBOX1 as a mediator of NF-κB/MAPK suppression. RNA interference knockdown, NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation assays, inflammatory cytokine measurement (IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, TNF-α), ROS production assay in EA.hy926 cells Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Medium 30358079
2024 Hmbox1 acts as a transcriptional repressor of glucokinase (Gck); inhibition of Hmbox1 transcriptionally upregulates Gck via Akt/mTOR/P70S6K pathway activation, leading to reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improved mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis. ETS1 functions as an upstream negative transcriptional regulator of Hmbox1. RNA sequencing, promoter prediction and binding assays (ChIP), AAV9-mediated knockdown, cardiac myocyte-specific KO mice, I/R injury model, Akt/mTOR/P70S6K pathway analysis, ETS1 overexpression in vivo Circulation High 38708602
2025 HMBOX1 promotes transcription of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HACE1, which in turn mediates K63-ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation of ATG5, thereby inhibiting autophagy and reducing 5-FU resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomics, RNA sequencing, ChIP assay (HACE1 transcription), co-immunoprecipitation (ATG5 ubiquitination), cycloheximide chase, in vitro and in vivo functional assays Autophagy High 40126194
2022 miR-885-5p directly binds the 3'UTR of HMBOX1 mRNA and negatively regulates HMBOX1 expression; overexpression of HMBOX1 reversed miR-885-5p-induced elevation of inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-N through an NF-κB-dependent mechanism, suppressing cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. Luciferase 3'UTR reporter assay for miR-885-5p/HMBOX1 interaction, lentiviral KD/OE, NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-N Western blot, NF-κB pathway analysis, flow cytometry for pyroptosis, ELISA for IL-1β/IL-18 Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine Medium 35345489
2023 HMBOX1 inhibits macrophage proliferation by suppressing glutamine metabolism; elevated HMBOX1 in RAW264.7 cells decreased glutamine concentrations and downregulated the glutamine transporter SLC1A5, and SLC1A5 overexpression reversed HMBOX1-mediated inhibition of macrophage proliferation. UPLC-MS/MS metabolomics, CCK8 assay, clone formation, SLC1A5 overexpression rescue experiment BMC genomics Medium 37208615
2022 METTL3-mediated m6A modification stabilizes Hmbox1 mRNA; METTL3 knockdown in GC-2 cells reduced m6A modification and Hmbox1 stability, leading to further shortening of telomere length, establishing Hmbox1 as an m6A-regulated telomere maintenance factor. MeRIP-qPCR, RIP assay, Mettl3 siRNA knockdown, telomere length measurement in DEHP/MEHP exposure model Life sciences Medium 36174712
2019 HMBOX1 knockout in mouse aortic endothelial cells promotes LPS-induced apoptosis and inhibits autophagy in vivo, confirming HMBOX1's role in endothelial cell survival under stress. However, HMBOX1 deletion had no influence on secretion of TNF-α and IL-6, and overexpression/knockdown failed to regulate multiple pro-apoptotic genes in vitro. TALEN-generated HMBOX1 KO mouse, LPS stimulation of aortic endothelial cells, apoptosis and autophagy assays in vivo, cytokine ELISA, in vitro gene expression analysis Apoptosis Medium 31583496
2025 HMBOX1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression through a PTPN1/AKT1 axis; overexpression of HMBOX1 activates PTPN1 signaling which mediates regulation of AKT1 phosphorylation, inhibiting cell proliferation and migration. In vivo tumor-bearing experiments validated the HMBOX1/PTPN1/AKT1 pathway. Proteomics combined with bioinformatics, Western blot, overexpression and silencing in HCC cell lines, in vivo xenograft experiments Oncology reports Medium 41574716
2009 HMBOX1 protein is localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus in human normal tissues as detected by anti-HMBOX1 monoclonal antibodies; expression is detected in 10 human normal tissues including cerebrum, pancreas, kidney, and liver. Immunohistochemistry with anti-HMBOX1 monoclonal antibody in normal and carcinoma tissues Cellular & molecular immunology Low 19728927
2022 HMBOX1 attenuates LPS-induced injury in periodontal ligament stem cells by inhibiting CXCL10 expression via suppression of NF-κB signaling; NF-κB agonist PMA reversed HMBOX1 overexpression effects and si-CXCL10 re-rescued them, placing HMBOX1 upstream of NF-κB/CXCL10. HMBOX1 overexpression, NF-κB agonist treatment, siRNA silencing of CXCL10, qPCR and Western blot for pathway components, CCK8, ELISA, TUNEL Experimental and therapeutic medicine Medium 35222701

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 45 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2003 Osmostress-induced transcription by Hot1 depends on a Hog1-mediated recruitment of the RNA Pol II. The EMBO journal 154 12743037
2020 WTAP promotes osteosarcoma tumorigenesis by repressing HMBOX1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner. Cell death & disease 113 32814762
2013 HOT1 is a mammalian direct telomere repeat-binding protein contributing to telomerase recruitment. The EMBO journal 66 23685356
1990 Gene conversion tracts stimulated by HOT1-promoted transcription are long and continuous. Genetics 66 2076817
2015 HMBOX1 interacts with MT2A to regulate autophagy and apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Scientific reports 59 26456220
2000 Ribosomal DNA replication fork barrier and HOT1 recombination hot spot: shared sequences but independent activities. Molecular and cellular biology 53 10848619
2024 Inhibition of Hmbox1 Promotes Cardiomyocyte Survival and Glucose Metabolism Through Gck Activation in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Circulation 52 38708602
2012 miR-30c-1* promotes natural killer cell cytotoxicity against human hepatoma cells by targeting the transcription factor HMBOX1. Cancer science 48 22320217
1995 Requirements for activity of the yeast mitotic recombination hotspot HOT1: RNA polymerase I and multiple cis-acting sequences. Genetics 48 8582631
2006 Isolation and functional analysis of human HMBOX1, a homeobox containing protein with transcriptional repressor activity. Cytogenetic and genome research 47 16825764
1990 A chromosome containing HOT1 preferentially receives information during mitotic interchromosomal gene conversion. Genetics 45 2179054
2013 The telomere-associated homeobox-containing protein TAH1/HMBOX1 participates in telomere maintenance in ALT cells. Journal of cell science 34 23813958
2011 HMBOX1 negatively regulates NK cell functions by suppressing the NKG2D/DAP10 signaling pathway. Cellular & molecular immunology 32 21706044
2022 Exosome-Derived From Sepsis Patients' Blood Promoted Pyroptosis of Cardiomyocytes by Regulating miR-885-5p/HMBOX1. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine 30 35345489
2010 Role of Hmbox1 in endothelial differentiation of bone-marrow stromal cells by a small molecule. ACS chemical biology 23 20822188
2018 5,2'-dibromo-2,4',5'-trihydroxydiphenylmethanone attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and ROS production in EA.hy926 cells via HMBOX1 induction. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 19 30358079
2016 Inhibition of ANXA7 GTPase activity by a small molecule promotes HMBOX1 translation of vascular endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 19 27506770
2018 c-Fos/microRNA-18a feedback loop modulates the tumor growth via HMBOX1 in human gliomas. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 17 30257388
2011 HMBOX1, homeobox transcription factor, negatively regulates interferon-γ production in natural killer cells. International immunopharmacology 17 21839858
2018 HMBOX1 in hepatocytes attenuates LPS/D-GalN-induced liver injury by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and activation. Molecular immunology 16 30032072
2012 A chemical small molecule induces mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation into functional vascular endothelial cells via Hmbox1. Stem cells and development 16 22671696
2009 Recombinant expression of a novel human transcriptional repressor HMBOX1 and preparation of anti-HMBOX1 monoclonal antibody. Cellular & molecular immunology 16 19728927
2015 The yeast Hot1 transcription factor is critical for activating a single target gene, STL1. Molecular biology of the cell 14 25904326
2025 HMBOX1 reverses autophagy mediated 5-fluorouracil resistance through promoting HACE1-induced ubiquitination and degradation of ATG5 in colorectal cancer. Autophagy 13 40126194
2022 N6-methyladenosine modification on Hmbox1 is related to telomere dysfunction in DEHP-induced male reproductive injury. Life sciences 13 36174712
2004 SCH9, a putative protein kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, affects HOT1-stimulated recombination. Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG 13 15349770
2013 Dissection of the elements of osmotic stress response transcription factor Hot1 involved in the interaction with MAPK Hog1 and in the activation of transcription. Biochimica et biophysica acta 12 23916462
2023 HMBOX1, a member of the homeobox family: current research progress. Central-European journal of immunology 11 37206587
2017 A farnesoic acid-responsive transcription factor, Hot1, regulates yeast-hypha morphogenesis in Candida albicans. FEBS letters 11 28369931
2020 Hog1-induced transcription of RTC3 and HSP12 is robust and occurs in cells lacking Msn2, Msn4, Hot1 and Sko1. PloS one 10 32804965
2019 Loss of HMBOX1 promotes LPS-induced apoptosis and inhibits LPS-induced autophagy of vascular endothelial cells in mouse. Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death 10 31583496
2004 Transcription-mediated hyper-recombination in HOT1. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 10 15066122
2022 HMBOX1 attenuates LPS-induced periodontal ligament stem cell injury by inhibiting CXCL10 expression through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 8 35222701
2010 The bidirectional cytomegalovirus immediate/early promoter is regulated by Hog1 and the stress transcription factors Sko1 and Hot1 in yeast. Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG 6 20364387
2009 Characterization of a novel human HMBOX1 splicing variant lacking the homeodomain and with attenuated transcription repressor activity. Molecular biology reports 6 19757162
2020 Extracellular vesicle-associated microRNA-221-3p secreted by drug-resistant lung cancer cells targets HMBOX1 to promote the progression of lung cancer. Cancer gene therapy 5 33214694
2015 The C-terminal region of the Hot1 transcription factor binds GGGACAAA-related sequences in the promoter of its target genes. Biochimica et biophysica acta 5 26470684
2023 Primary NTRK-rearranged spindle cell  neoplasm of bone harboring an HMBOX1::NTRK3 gene fusion. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 4 36740981
2023 Metabolomic analysis reveals the influence of HMBOX1 on RAW264.7 cells proliferation based on UPLC-MS/MS. BMC genomics 4 37208615
2016 Hot1 factor recruits co-activator Sub1 and elongation complex Spt4/5 to osmostress genes. The Biochemical journal 4 27480106
2005 DEG1, encoding the tRNA:pseudouridine synthase Pus3p, impacts HOT1-stimulated recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG 3 16231152
2024 High expression of HMBOX1 promotes the progression of lung squamous cell carcinoma. Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France) 2 38814216
2026 HMBOX1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression via PTPN1 mediated AKT1 phosphorylation. Oncology reports 0 41574716
2025 Ensartinib in a primary pulmonary ALK-rearranged mesenchymal neoplasm harboring a novel HMBOX1::ALK fusion: a case report and literature review. Frontiers in medicine 0 40463972
2025 HMBOX1 plays a critical role in plumbagin-induced growth inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Scientific reports 0 41444774

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