Affinage

HCST

Hematopoietic cell signal transducer · UniProt Q9UBK5

Length
93 aa
Mass
9.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
52 papers in source corpus 22 papers cited in narrative 23 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

HCST (DAP10/KAP10) is a transmembrane adaptor that nucleates activating immunoreceptor complexes in NK, T, and myeloid lineages, coupling surface receptors to PI3K/Akt and cytoskeletal effector pathways that drive cytotoxicity and bone remodeling (PMID:10426994, PMID:12740575, PMID:19251634). It partners chiefly with NKG2D but also assembles into complexes with MDL-1, RAGE, TREM2/DAP12, Ly49H, CD94, and SIRPβ1, with transmembrane-domain residues conferring receptor-pairing specificity (PMID:10426994, PMID:11015446, PMID:19251634, PMID:20484116, PMID:25002577). On receptor ligation, the cytoplasmic YINM (YxxM) motif is tyrosine-phosphorylated and simultaneously recruits the p85 subunit of PI3K and a Grb2–Vav1 intermediate; both arms must engage DAP10 together to deliver full calcium flux, Akt signaling, and target lysis, doing so independently of Syk-family kinases (PMID:10426994, PMID:10528161, PMID:12740575, PMID:16582911). Vav1 acting through this site directs Rho-family GTPase activation, actin and microtubule polarization, and cytolytic synapse maturation, and recruits the actin regulator EVL (which engages WASP/VASP) to generate F-actin and integrin-mediated adhesion (PMID:12740575, PMID:15365099, PMID:16887996, PMID:31235500). Ligand-induced ubiquitylation of DAP10 triggers endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of NKG2D–DAP10 complexes, a step required for ERK activation, granule secretion, and IFN-γ production (PMID:19329438, PMID:26508790). DAP10 abundance is set post-transcriptionally by γc-cytokine-induced glycosylation that stabilizes surface NKG2D, and is transcriptionally repressed by TGF-β1 and IL-21 (PMID:16424177, PMID:21816829, PMID:22438812). In vivo, DAP10 is essential for osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling, with DAP10-deficient mice becoming osteopetrotic, contributes to optimal antiviral NK responses, and raises the activation threshold of NKT and regulatory T cells to maintain self-tolerance (PMID:19251634, PMID:19332875, PMID:17785813).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 16 steps
  1. 1999 High

    Established DAP10 as the activating adaptor for NKG2D and identified the YxxM/YINM motif as the docking site that links receptor ligation to PI3K and Akt, defining the core signaling output of the complex.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, transfection, SH2-binding and Akt activation assays in NK/T cells responding to MICA

    PMID:10426994 PMID:10528161

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve which kinase phosphorylates the YINM motif
    • Grb2 binding noted but its downstream role unestablished
  2. 2000 High

    Distinguished DAP10 from the ITAM adaptor DAP12, showing transmembrane regions dictate receptor-pairing specificity and that DAP10 signals via PI3K rather than Syk/ZAP70.

    Evidence Transfectants with mutant transmembrane domains, reciprocal Co-IP, cytotoxicity and cytokine readouts

    PMID:11015446

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of transmembrane assembly specificity not structurally defined
  3. 2003 High

    Mapped the DAP10 YINM motif to a Syk-independent cascade through PI3K, Vav1, Rho GTPases, and PLC driving NK killing, separating adaptor classes by their effector logic.

    Evidence Biochemical signaling and dominant-negative constructs with NK cytotoxicity assays

    PMID:12740575

    Open questions at the time
    • How a single phosphomotif assembles multiple effectors was unresolved
  4. 2004 High

    Resolved Vav isoform specificity, placing Vav1 selectively downstream of DAP10 versus Vav2/Vav3 for FcRγ/DAP12, refining the cytoskeletal arm of the pathway.

    Evidence Genetic epistasis across Vav1/2/3 knockout mouse combinations with cytotoxicity assays

    PMID:15365099

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct vs indirect Vav1 recruitment to DAP10 not yet defined
  5. 2006 High

    Showed DAP10 recruits both a Grb2-Vav1 intermediate and p85 PI3K, and that both must bind simultaneously for full calcium release and cytotoxicity, explaining how one motif coordinates two effector arms.

    Evidence Co-IP, phosphorylation, calcium flux and cytotoxicity assays with dominant-negative constructs; Vav1/DAP12 double-KO mice plus confocal microscopy

    PMID:16582911 PMID:16887996

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry of simultaneous p85 and Grb2-Vav1 binding not structurally resolved
  6. 2006 Medium

    Identified IL-21 as a transcriptional repressor of DAP10 that lowers NKG2D surface expression and NK function, introducing cytokine control of the adaptor.

    Evidence DAP10 luciferase reporter, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, redirected lysis/degranulation in human NK and CD8 T cells

    PMID:16424177

    Open questions at the time
    • Promoter elements and transcription factors mediating repression not mapped
  7. 2007 Medium

    Revealed an in vivo regulatory role beyond cytotoxicity, with DAP10 raising the activation threshold of NKT and regulatory T cells to preserve self-tolerance.

    Evidence DAP10-deficient mice, syngeneic tumor challenge, NKT cytotoxicity and Treg activation assays

    PMID:17785813

    Open questions at the time
    • Receptor partner mediating NKT/Treg threshold-setting not identified
    • Single lab, mouse only
  8. 2009 High

    Extended DAP10 beyond lymphocytes by identifying MDL-1 as a myeloid partner and demonstrating an essential role in osteoclastogenesis, with DAP10-KO mice becoming osteopetrotic.

    Evidence DAP10-deficient mice, Co-IP, osteoclast differentiation assays, bone histology

    PMID:19251634

    Open questions at the time
    • Signaling output of MDL-1-DAP10 in osteoclasts not fully dissected
  9. 2009 High

    Demonstrated DAP10's antiviral contribution, where Ly49H signaling via DAP10 supports ERK activation, IFN-γ, and MCMV control, though the magnitude of contribution was debated across studies.

    Evidence DAP10-deficient mice in MCMV model with ERK and IFN-γ readouts; reciprocal Co-IP from primary NK cells

    PMID:19247984 PMID:19332875

    Open questions at the time
    • Conflicting estimates of in vivo importance of Ly49H-DAP10 coupling
    • Quantitative contribution relative to DAP12 unresolved
  10. 2009 Medium

    Linked complex fate to function by showing NKG2D-DAP10 traffics to secretory lysosomes and polarizes to the synapse while undergoing degradation, connecting receptor turnover to effector responses.

    Evidence Confocal microscopy, subcellular fractionation, immunoblot in primary NK cells and NKL line

    PMID:19329438

    Open questions at the time
    • Degradation machinery not identified
    • Functional consequence of degradation not directly tested here
  11. 2010 High

    Positioned DAP10 as the PI3K-recruiting partner that complements TREM2/DAP12 signaling, opposed by SHIP1, integrating DAP10 into myeloid receptor circuits.

    Evidence Co-IP, PI3K activity, calcium and actin assays, siRNA knockdown

    PMID:20484116

    Open questions at the time
    • Architecture of TREM2-DAP12-DAP10 complex not structurally defined
  12. 2011 High

    Defined post-transcriptional and transcriptional control: IL-2-induced glycosylation stabilizes the NKG2D-DAP10 complex while TGF-β1 represses the DAP10 promoter via reduced RNA Pol II loading.

    Evidence Metabolic labeling, glycosylation inhibitors, Co-IP, RNA Pol II ChIP, RT-PCR, flow cytometry; plus TGF-β1 treatment with antibody rescue

    PMID:21816829 PMID:22438812

    Open questions at the time
    • Glycosylation sites on DAP10 not mapped
    • How TGF-β1 represses Pol II recruitment mechanistically unclear
  13. 2014 Medium

    Broadened the partner repertoire to RAGE in keratinocytes, where RAGE-DAP10 heterodimers switch S100A8/A9 signaling toward Akt survival over RAGE homomer-driven apoptosis.

    Evidence Co-IP, oligomerization constructs, Akt and caspase-8 assays, DAP10 blocking antibody, viability assays

    PMID:25002577

    Open questions at the time
    • YINM-dependence of RAGE-DAP10 Akt signaling not tested
    • Single lab, non-immune cell context
  14. 2015 High

    Showed ubiquitylation of DAP10 drives endocytosis and degradation of NKG2D-DAP10 complexes and that this trafficking step is required for ERK activation and effector functions, coupling receptor internalization to signaling output.

    Evidence Ubiquitylation assays, endocytosis with ubiquitylation-deficient mutants, confocal microscopy, ERK and effector assays in human NK cells

    PMID:26508790

    Open questions at the time
    • E3 ligase responsible for DAP10 ubiquitylation not identified
  15. 2019 High

    Identified EVL as an actin-regulatory effector recruited through the same DAP10 site as Grb2/Vav1, linking the adaptor to WASP/VASP-driven F-actin, adhesion, and synapse function.

    Evidence Co-IP, confocal microscopy, siRNA knockdown, actin polymerization, adhesion and cytotoxicity assays

    PMID:31235500

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether EVL and Grb2/Vav1 compete or co-occupy the DAP10 site unresolved
  16. 2025 Medium

    Added a metabolic-epigenetic layer, where ACLY-generated cytosolic acetyl-CoA maintains histone acetylation at the DAP10/DAP12 loci to sustain expression, reversible by acetate supplementation.

    Evidence Inducible ACLY-KO mice, RNA-seq, immunoblot, histone-acetylation profiling, acetate rescue, NK functional assays (preprint)

    PMID:bio_10.1101_2025.03.05.639198

    Open questions at the time
    • Preprint not yet peer-reviewed
    • Specific acetylated histone marks and regulatory regions not finely mapped

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The identity of the kinase phosphorylating the YINM motif and the E3 ligase mediating DAP10 ubiquitylation remain unresolved, as does the structural basis for simultaneous p85, Grb2-Vav1, and EVL engagement at a single docking site.
  • No upstream kinase identified
  • No E3 ligase identified
  • No structural model of multi-effector occupancy

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 5 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 4
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3 GO:0005764 lysosome 1 GO:0005768 endosome 1
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 2
Partners
EVLGRB2MDL-1NKG2DPIK3R1RAGETREM2VAV1
Complex memberships
MDL-1-DAP12/DAP10NKG2D-DAP10RAGE-DAP10TREM2-DAP12-DAP10

Evidence

Reading pass · 23 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1999 DAP10 (HCST/KAP10) forms an activating immunoreceptor complex with NKG2D on NK and T cells, and the DAP10 cytoplasmic YINM (YxxM) motif recruits the p85 subunit of PI3-kinase, enabling NKG2D-dependent signal transduction in response to MICA. Biochemical co-immunoprecipitation, transfection assays, SH2 domain-binding assay Science High 10426994
1999 KAP10 (DAP10/HCST) binds PI3-kinase upon phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic YINM motif, activating Akt, and also binds the adaptor protein Grb2; KAP10 is genetically encoded within ~100 bp of the DAP12 locus on chromosome 19. Molecular cloning, transfection, biochemical binding assays (PI3K and Grb2 co-precipitation), Akt activation assay Journal of Immunology High 10528161
2000 DAP10 and DAP12 form distinct, specific receptor complexes in NK cells; the transmembrane regions of DAP10 and DAP12 are sufficient to confer specific association with their respective ligand-binding partners, and DAP10 signals via the PI3K (YxNM) pathway while DAP12 signals via Syk/ZAP70 through its ITAM motif. Transfectant cell lines, co-immunoprecipitation, mutant transmembrane domain constructs, cytotoxicity assays, cytokine production assays Journal of Experimental Medicine High 11015446
2003 The YINM motif in the DAP10 cytoplasmic tail couples NKG2D stimulation to downstream activation of PI3K, Vav1, Rho family GTPases, and PLC, leading to NK cell killing in a Syk-family kinase-independent manner. Biochemical signaling assays, dominant-negative constructs, NK cytotoxicity assays Nature Immunology High 12740575
2004 Vav1 is specifically required for DAP10-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity, whereas Vav2 and Vav3 are required for FcRγ- and DAP12-mediated cytotoxicity; genetic epistasis using mice lacking one, two, or all three Vav proteins places Vav1 specifically downstream of DAP10. Genetic epistasis using Vav1/Vav2/Vav3 knockout mice, NK cytotoxicity assays Journal of Experimental Medicine High 15365099
2006 DAP10 recruits a Grb2-Vav1 intermediate complex as well as p85 PI3K; Grb2-Vav1 binding to DAP10 initiates tyrosine phosphorylation events, but full calcium release and cytotoxicity require both Grb2-Vav1 and p85 to bind DAP10 simultaneously. Co-immunoprecipitation, phosphorylation assays, calcium flux assays, NK cytotoxicity assays, dominant-negative constructs Nature Immunology High 16582911
2006 Vav1 interacts with DAP10 YxNM motifs through Grb2 and is required for DAP10-induced NK cell cytoskeletal polarization (actin and microtubule networks), maturation of the cytolytic synapse, target cell lysis, and PI3K-dependent Akt signaling. Vav1/DAP12 double-knockout mice, co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy of cytoskeletal polarization, cytotoxicity assays, Akt phosphorylation assay Journal of Immunology High 16887996
2006 IL-21 down-regulates DAP10 (HCST) expression in human NK and CD8+ T cells by reducing DAP10 promoter activity, leading to decreased NKG2D surface expression and impaired NKG2D-mediated NK cell functions. DAP10 luciferase reporter assay, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, redirected lysis and degranulation assays Journal of Immunology Medium 16424177
2009 DAP10 associates with the receptor MDL-1 in osteoclasts; MDL-1 associates with both DAP12 and DAP10 to form trimolecular MDL-1–DAP12/DAP10 complexes, and DAP10-deficient mice develop osteopetrosis with reduced osteoclast numbers, demonstrating DAP10's role in osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling. DAP10-deficient mouse model, co-immunoprecipitation, osteoclast differentiation assays, bone histology PNAS High 19251634
2009 Ly49H must associate with and signal via DAP10 (in addition to DAP12) for optimal NK cell function during mouse cytomegalovirus infection; DAP10-deficient Ly49H+ NK cells show impaired ERK1/2 activation, reduced IFN-γ production, and diminished MCMV control. DAP10-deficient mice, MCMV infection model, flow cytometry, ERK phosphorylation assay, IFN-γ production assay Journal of Experimental Medicine High 19332875
2009 Upon NK cell activation by MICB-expressing target cells, the NKG2D/DAP10 complex undergoes lysosomal degradation; DAP10 traffics to secretory lysosomes and polarizes to the cytotoxic immune synapse, with ~50% of total NKG2D protein degraded coincident with synapse recruitment. Confocal microscopy, subcellular fractionation, flow cytometry, immunoblot in primary NK cells and NKL cell line Journal of Biological Chemistry Medium 19329438
2010 DAP10 plays a key role in TREM2- and DAP12-dependent recruitment of PI3K to the signaling complex; SHIP1 inhibits TREM2/DAP12 signaling by binding DAP12 in an SH2 domain-dependent manner to prevent PI3K recruitment, while DAP10 enables PI3K activation downstream of TREM2-DAP12 in osteoclasts/macrophages. Co-immunoprecipitation, PI3K activity assay, calcium mobilization assay, actin reorganization assay, siRNA knockdown Science Signaling High 20484116
2011 IL-2 up-regulates DAP10 protein expression largely post-transcriptionally and induces DAP10 glycosylation, which is required for DAP10 association with NKG2D and stabilization of NKG2D surface expression; TGF-β1 has an opposite and dominant effect by inhibiting RNA polymerase II association with the DAP10 promoter, decreasing DAP10 mRNA and protein and consequently NKG2D. Metabolic labeling, glycosylation inhibitor treatment, co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP (RNA Pol II), RT-PCR, flow cytometry, immunoblot Blood High 21816829
2014 DAP10 associates with RAGE in human keratinocytes; RAGE-DAP10 heterodimer formation markedly enhances Akt activation, whereas RAGE-RAGE homomultimers activate caspase-8/apoptosis; functional blocking of DAP10 abrogates S100A8/A9-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and increases apoptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation, artificial oligomerization constructs, Akt phosphorylation assay, caspase-8 assay, DAP10 functional blocking antibody, cell viability assay Journal of Biological Chemistry Medium 25002577
2015 Ligand-induced endocytosis of NKG2D-DAP10 complexes depends on ubiquitylation of DAP10 and is required for degradation of internalized complexes; this ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis is also required for ERK activation and NK cell effector functions (cytotoxic granule secretion and IFN-γ production). Biochemical ubiquitylation assays, endocytosis assays with ubiquitylation-deficient DAP10 mutants, confocal microscopy, ERK phosphorylation assay, degranulation and cytokine assays in human NK cells Science Signaling High 26508790
2019 NKG2D-DAP10 signaling recruits the actin regulatory protein EVL to the NK cell cytotoxic synapse via the DAP10 binding site previously implicated in Grb2/Vav1 recruitment; EVL interacts with WASP and VASP and is required for F-actin generation, integrin-mediated adhesion, and NK cell cytotoxicity. Co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, siRNA knockdown, actin polymerization assays, adhesion and cytotoxicity assays Journal of Cell Science High 31235500
2011 TGF-β1 down-regulates NKG2D and DAP10 expression on human NK cells, impairing NK cell cytotoxicity and IFN-γ production; anti-TGF-β1 antibodies restore NKG2D and DAP10 expression in vitro. In vitro treatment of primary NK cells with TGF-β1, flow cytometry, anti-TGF-β1 antibody rescue, cytotoxicity and IFN-γ assays PLoS Pathogens Medium 22438812
2003 SIRPβ1 can associate with DAP10 in RBL-2H3 transfectants; however, engagement of SIRPβ1:DAP10 complexes alone does not induce serotonin release or TNF secretion (negative finding), but does co-stimulate RBL-2H3 effector function when sub-optimal FcεRI signaling is present. Transfectant cell lines, co-immunoprecipitation, serotonin release assay, TNF secretion assay, co-stimulation assay European Journal of Immunology Medium 14635062
2009 DAP10 associates with Ly49H and Ly49D in primary NK cells in vivo, but this association has no significant impact on Ly49H-mediated control of murine cytomegalovirus infection under physiological conditions (DAP10's contribution to Ly49D/H function is minimal in vivo). DAP10-deficient mice, co-immunoprecipitation from primary NK cells, MCMV infection model, flow cytometry European Journal of Immunology Medium 19247984
2011 In rat and mouse (but not human), CD94 — rather than NKG2C/E — associates with DAP12 and DAP10 through a transmembrane lysine residue unique to rodent CD94, enabling NK cell activation; this differs from the human system where NKG2C bears the DAP12-interacting residue. Biochemical analysis (co-immunoprecipitation), flow cytometry, mutant NKG2C constructs, redirected lysis assays with transfected NK cells Journal of Immunology Medium 22084441
2007 DAP10-deficient mice become osteopetrotic with age, with reduced osteoclasts, demonstrating an essential role for DAP10 signaling in normal bone remodeling. DAP10-deficient mouse model, histological bone analysis, osteoclast counting PNAS High 19251634
2007 DAP10 deficiency in mice leads to hyperactive NKT cell functions (increased cytokine production and cytotoxicity) and impaired CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell activation, indicating that DAP10 signaling normally raises the activation threshold of autoreactive NKT cells and Tregs to maintain self-tolerance. DAP10-deficient mouse model, syngeneic tumor challenge, NKT cytotoxicity assays, Treg activation and cytokine assays Journal of Immunology Medium 17785813
2025 ACLY deficiency in NK cells specifically reduces DAP10 and DAP12 transcript and protein levels through altered histone acetylation at the DAP10/DAP12 loci (as shown by epigenetic profiling), impairing activating receptor function; acetate supplementation restores DAP10/12 expression and receptor function, establishing that ACLY-generated cytosolic acetyl-CoA epigenetically regulates DAP10 expression. Inducible genetic KO mouse model (ACLY), RNA-seq, immunoblot, histone acetylation ChIP/epigenetic profiling, acetate rescue experiments, NK cytotoxicity and cytokine assays bioRxiv (preprint)preprint Medium bio_10.1101_2025.03.05.639198

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 52 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1999 An activating immunoreceptor complex formed by NKG2D and DAP10. Science (New York, N.Y.) 794 10426994
2010 TREM2- and DAP12-dependent activation of PI3K requires DAP10 and is inhibited by SHIP1. Science signaling 348 20484116
2003 NKG2D-DAP10 triggers human NK cell-mediated killing via a Syk-independent regulatory pathway. Nature immunology 280 12740575
2006 NKG2D-mediated signaling requires a DAP10-bound Grb2-Vav1 intermediate and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase in human natural killer cells. Nature immunology 219 16582911
2000 DAP10 and DAP12 form distinct, but functionally cooperative, receptor complexes in natural killer cells. The Journal of experimental medicine 190 11015446
2012 TGF-β1 down-regulation of NKG2D/DAP10 and 2B4/SAP expression on human NK cells contributes to HBV persistence. PLoS pathogens 170 22438812
2005 Silencing human NKG2D, DAP10, and DAP12 reduces cytotoxicity of activated CD8+ T cells and NK cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 107 16339517
2011 Complex regulation of human NKG2D-DAP10 cell surface expression: opposing roles of the γc cytokines and TGF-β1. Blood 97 21816829
2006 IL-21 down-regulates NKG2D/DAP10 expression on human NK and CD8+ T cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 96 16424177
2004 Differential requirements for Vav proteins in DAP10- and ITAM-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity. The Journal of experimental medicine 93 15365099
1999 Cutting edge: KAP10, a novel transmembrane adapter protein genetically linked to DAP12 but with unique signaling properties. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 83 10528161
2006 Vav1 controls DAP10-mediated natural cytotoxicity by regulating actin and microtubule dynamics. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 76 16887996
2009 Ly49H signaling through DAP10 is essential for optimal natural killer cell responses to mouse cytomegalovirus infection. The Journal of experimental medicine 66 19332875
2009 Signal adaptor DAP10 associates with MDL-1 and triggers osteoclastogenesis in cooperation with DAP12. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 59 19251634
2015 Ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis of NKG2D-DAP10 receptor complexes activates signaling and functions in human NK cells. Science signaling 54 26508790
2009 The traffic of the NKG2D/Dap10 receptor complex during natural killer (NK) cell activation. The Journal of biological chemistry 38 19329438
2014 DNAX-activating protein 10 (DAP10) membrane adaptor associates with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and modulates the RAGE-triggered signaling pathway in human keratinocytes. The Journal of biological chemistry 35 25002577
2008 A critical role for DAP10 and DAP12 in CD8+ T cell-mediated tissue damage in large granular lymphocyte leukemia. Blood 34 19075187
2020 A Humanized Lym-1 CAR with Novel DAP10/DAP12 Signaling Domains Demonstrates Reduced Tonic Signaling and Increased Antitumor Activity in B-Cell Lymphoma Models. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 32 32273277
2011 HMBOX1 negatively regulates NK cell functions by suppressing the NKG2D/DAP10 signaling pathway. Cellular & molecular immunology 32 21706044
2020 T-cells expressing a chimeric-PD1-Dap10-CD3zeta receptor reduce tumour burden in multiple murine syngeneic models of solid cancer. Immunology 28 32144940
2001 Molecular cloning and characterization of pig immunoreceptor DAP10 and NKG2D. Immunogenetics 27 11398969
2000 DAP12 and KAP10 (DAP10)-novel transmembrane adapter proteins of the CD3zeta family. Immunologic research 27 10945225
2017 Adoptive transfer of murine T cells expressing a chimeric-PD1-Dap10 receptor as an immunotherapy for lymphoma. Immunology 26 28670716
2017 TGF-β1 improving abnormal pregnancy outcomes induced by Toxoplasma gondii infection: Regulating NKG2D/DAP10 and killer subset of decidual NK cells. Cellular immunology 22 28438315
2020 A novel bispecific chimeric PD1-DAP10/NKG2D receptor augments NK92-cell therapy efficacy for human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 21 31952789
2019 NKG2D-DAP10 signaling recruits EVL to the cytotoxic synapse to generate F-actin and promote NK cell cytotoxicity. Journal of cell science 20 31235500
2019 CD33 (Siglec-3) Inhibitory Function: Role in the NKG2D/DAP10 Activating Pathway. Journal of immunology research 18 31143782
2006 Physiological roles of murine DAP10 adapter protein in tumor immunity and autoimmunity. Immunological reviews 18 17100879
2022 DAP10 integration in CAR-T cells enhances the killing of heterogeneous tumors by harnessing endogenous NKG2D. Molecular therapy oncolytics 17 35784403
2020 Inclusion of Dap10 or 4-1BB costimulation domains in the chPD1 receptor enhances anti-tumor efficacy of T cells in murine models of lymphoma and melanoma. Cellular immunology 17 32106933
2024 Deciphering the molecular and clinical characteristics of TREM2, HCST, and TYROBP in cancer immunity: A comprehensive pan-cancer study. Heliyon 16 38468942
2011 Rat and mouse CD94 associate directly with the activating transmembrane adaptor proteins DAP12 and DAP10 and activate NK cell cytotoxicity. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 16 22084441
2020 CSF1R and HCST: Novel Candidate Biomarkers Predicting the Response to Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Technology in cancer research & treatment 15 33153411
2011 A possible mechanism of impaired NK cytotoxicity in cancer patients: down-regulation of DAP10 by TGF-beta1. Tumori 15 21789015
2015 Decreased expression of pSTAT, IRF-1 and DAP10 signalling molecules in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with metastatic melanoma. Journal of clinical pathology 14 26442832
2009 DAP10 associates with Ly49 receptors but contributes minimally to their expression and function in vivo. European journal of immunology 14 19247984
2007 DAP10 deficiency breaks the immune tolerance against transplantable syngeneic melanoma. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 13 17785813
2022 TCR extracellular domain genetically linked to CD28, 2B4/41BB and DAP10/CD3ζ -engineered NK cells mediates antitumor effects. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 12 35988132
2022 Combination of 4-1BB and DAP10 promotes proliferation and persistence of NKG2D(bbz) CAR-T cells. Frontiers in oncology 11 35965586
2021 CD200 Immune-Checkpoint Peptide Elicits an Anti-glioma Response Through the DAP10 Signaling Pathway. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics 10 33829411
2007 Cloning, sequencing, and cell surface expression pattern of bovine immunoreceptor NKG2D and adaptor molecules DAP10 and DAP12. Immunogenetics 10 17530242
2003 Contrasting roles of DAP10 and KARAP/DAP12 signaling adaptors in activation of the RBL-2H3 leukemic mast cell line. European journal of immunology 9 14635062
2010 DAP10 contributes to CD8(+) T cell-mediated cytotoxic effector mechanisms during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Immunobiology 8 21122940
2025 HCST Expression Distinguishes Immune-hot and Immune-cold Subtypes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Current gene therapy 5 37475556
2021 DAP10 Predicted the Outcome of Pediatric B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Was Associated with the T-Cell Exhaustion. Journal of oncology 5 34868314
2017 Age-Based Reproductive Healthcare Stereotype Threat (HCST) as a Stressor Affecting Prenatal Mental Health in Pregnant Women of Advanced Maternal Age: Measurement, Process, Outcomes, and Interactions with Ethnicity/Race, SES, and Other Social Identities. Current epidemiology reports 4 30345220
2022 A chimeric switch-receptor PD1-DAP10-41BB augments NK92-cell activation and killing for human lung Cancer H1299 Cell. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2 35217362
2020 The impact of chimerism on DNA-based human identification from skin surface cells of post-allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCST) patients. Forensic science international 2 33307474
2026 cGAMP Enhances Microglial/Macrophage Phagocytosis in Ischemic Stroke Via Activation of the TREM2-DAP10-PI3K Pathway. Inflammation 1 41495583
2025 Dap10 co-stimulation enhances the anti-HCC efficacy of NKp30 chimeric antigen receptor T cells. Translational oncology 0 40393250
2024 A girl with a novel nonsense mutation in Chediak-Higashi syndrome was relieved successfully by treatment with HCST and UCBT: a case report. Annals of hematology 0 39412658

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