| 2003 |
GIMAP5 (Irod/Ian5) localizes to the centrosomal/Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum compartment and protects Jurkat T-cells against okadaic acid- and gamma-radiation-induced apoptosis by antagonizing a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-dependent step upstream of caspase-3 activation. Deletion of the C-terminal membrane binding domain or N-terminal GTP-binding domain did not affect antiapoptotic function; the middle coiled-coil domain was responsible for centrosomal anchoring and apoptosis resistance. |
Subcellular fractionation, confocal microscopy, domain deletion mutants, caspase-3 activity assay, CaMKII inhibitor studies in Jurkat T-cells |
Molecular biology of the cell |
Medium |
12925764
|
| 2004 |
A single point mutation in the Ian5 (GIMAP5) gene is the direct cause of T cell lymphopenia in BB rats; transgenic rescue with a wild-type 150-kb PAC transgene fully restored Ian5 transcript, protein, and T cell numbers in lymphopenic F344.lyp/lyp rats. |
Transgenic rescue with PAC construct in congenic rats; T cell counting; RT-PCR and Western blot for Ian5 expression |
Physiological genomics |
High |
15328390
|
| 2007 |
GIMAP5 localizes to a sedimentable subcellular fraction distinct from mitochondria and the ER in primary rat T lymphocytes, yet its absence causes rapid loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating GIMAP5 regulates T lymphocyte survival upstream of mitochondria from a distinct compartment. |
Subcellular fractionation, immunoblotting with GIMAP5 antiserum, confocal microscopy, mitochondrial membrane potential assay (JC-1) in primary rat T cells |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
17655828
|
| 2008 |
Selective ablation of mouse Gimap5 impairs final intrathymic maturation of CD8 and CD4 T cells, compromises survival of postthymic T cells, and blocks NK/NKT cell differentiation; NK/NKT developmental defect is cell-extrinsic (restored by transfer of Gimap5-/- bone marrow into wild-type environment), whereas peripheral T cell survival defect and liver pathology are cell-intrinsic. |
Conditional gene knockout in mice; flow cytometry of thymic and peripheral T cell subsets; bone marrow transfer experiments; Rag2-deficient background crossings |
Blood |
High |
18796632
|
| 2008 |
Loss of GIMAP5 impairs calcium entry across the plasma membrane (store-operated Ca2+ entry) following thapsigargin or TCR stimulation in rat T lymphocytes, without affecting intracellular Ca2+ store release; the defect manifests in mature single-positive thymocytes. |
Calcium flux assays (Fura-2) in primary gimap5(lyp/lyp) vs. wild-type rat T cells and thymocytes; thapsigargin and TCR stimulation |
Molecular immunology |
Medium |
19007993
|
| 2009 |
Absence of GIMAP5 in T cells (but not thymocytes or B cells) causes ER stress, upregulation of ER chaperones, and ER stress-induced apoptotic signaling through CHOP; siRNA-mediated knockdown of CHOP protected GIMAP5-deficient T cells from apoptosis, identifying ER stress/CHOP as a mechanistic pathway downstream of GIMAP5 loss. |
ER stress marker analysis by Western blot; siRNA knockdown of CHOP; apoptosis assay in Gimap5(-/-) BBDP rat T cells |
PloS one |
Medium |
19424493
|
| 2010 |
A missense mutation in the P-loop (GTPase domain) of Gimap5 causes loss of lymphocyte quiescence and failure to proliferate upon antigen-receptor stimulation, without affecting NF-κB, MAPK, or Akt activation; the defect operates via a noncanonical signaling pathway. The phenotype is hematopoietic cell-intrinsic as demonstrated by fetal liver chimera reconstitution. |
ENU germline mutagenesis; fetal liver chimera reconstitution; lymphocyte proliferation assays; signaling pathway analysis (NF-κB, MAPK, Akt) by Western blot |
Journal of immunology |
High |
20190135
|
| 2010 |
Endogenous GIMAP5 localizes to lysosomes and multivesicular bodies in lymphoid cells (rat, mouse, human Jurkat), as determined by co-localization with lysosomal markers and electron microscopy; by contrast, GIMAP1 localizes to the Golgi. |
Confocal microscopy with lysosomal markers, subcellular fractionation + immunoblotting, electron microscopy of inducible epitope-tagged Jurkat T cells, novel monoclonal antibodies against GIMAP5 |
Self/nonself |
High |
21487483
|
| 2011 |
Gimap5 is required for survival of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells; its absence disrupts the interaction between Mcl-1 and HSC70, enhances Mcl-1 protein degradation, and compromises mitochondrial integrity in progenitor cells. Gimap5 can physically bind to Bcl-2. |
Gimap5 knockout mice; co-immunoprecipitation of Mcl-1/HSC70; Western blot for Mcl-1 stability; mitochondrial integrity assay; flow cytometry of HSC/progenitor populations |
The Journal of experimental medicine |
High |
21502331
|
| 2011 |
Loss of Gimap5 in CD4+ T cells is associated with progressive loss of Foxo1, Foxo3, and Foxo4 protein expression, linking Gimap5 to the Foxo transcription factor pathway that maintains immunological tolerance; Gimap5-deficient CD4+ T cells become Th1/Th17 polarized and drive colitis. |
Gimap5(sph/sph) ENU mouse model; Western blot for Foxo proteins; T cell polarization assays; adoptive transfer experiments |
Journal of immunology |
Medium |
22106000
|
| 2013 |
GIMAP5 promotes mitochondrial calcium sequestration following capacitative calcium entry in T cells; overexpression of GIMAP5 in HEK-293 cells increases mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation. Microtubule disruption (but not actin disruption) abrogates mitochondrial Ca2+ sequestration, and GIMAP5 partially co-localizes with tubulin, suggesting GIMAP5 facilitates microtubule-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering. |
Ca2+ imaging with mitochondria-targeted aequorin and Fura-2 in primary rat T cells and HEK-293 overexpression; cytoskeleton disruption (nocodazole vs. cytochalasin D); co-localization with tubulin by confocal |
The Biochemical journal |
Medium |
23098229
|
| 2013 |
Gimap3 and Gimap5 both associate with antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins and cooperate to maintain T cell numbers in mice; double knockout of Gimap3 and Gimap5 causes more severe T cell lymphopenia than Gimap5 deficiency alone. |
Gimap3/Gimap5 single and double knockout mouse generation; flow cytometry; retroviral overexpression and shRNA silencing of Gimap3 in bone marrow reconstitution |
European journal of immunology |
Medium |
24510501
|
| 2015 |
Loss of GIMAP5 results in increased basal activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in T lymphocytes, independent of PP2A or AMPK activity. |
Western blot for phospho-AKT and mTOR substrates in Gimap5-deficient mouse and rat T cells; pharmacological inhibitor studies (PP2A inhibitors, AMPK inhibitors, rapamycin) |
PloS one |
Medium |
26440416
|
| 2015 |
Quantitative changes in Gimap5 (lysosomal) and Gimap3 (endoplasmic reticulum) expression levels affect mitochondrial DNA segregation in mouse hematopoietic tissues, linking lysosomal and ER membrane protein scaffolds to mtDNA haplotype selection. |
Allele-specific Gimap3 expression analysis; uORF identification; mtDNA haplotype quantification by PCR in hematopoietic tissues; organelle marker co-localization (confocal) for Gimap3 localization |
Genetics |
Medium |
25808953
|
| 2016 |
Functional Gimap5 is required for optimal TCR signaling and IL-7 receptor signaling; Gimap5-deficient T cells fail to proliferate in response to cognate antigen and show decreased STAT5 phosphorylation after IL-7 stimulation. |
OTII TCR-transgenic Gimap5(sph/sph) mice; antigen-stimulation proliferation assay; phospho-STAT5 Western blot/flow cytometry after IL-7 stimulation in rat and mouse Gimap5-deficient T cells |
PloS one |
Medium |
27023180
|
| 2018 |
GIMAP5 is essential for inactivation of GSK3β following T cell activation; in its absence, constitutive GSK3β activity suppresses c-Myc induction and NFATc1 nuclear import, thereby limiting CD4+ T cell proliferation. GIMAP5 also facilitates Ser389 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of GSK3β to limit DNA damage. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of GSK3β rescues Gimap5-deficient CD4+ T cell proliferation and ameliorates immunopathology in mice. A human patient with GIMAP5 LOF mutation shows impaired T cell proliferation rescued by GSK3 inhibitors. |
Gimap5-deficient mouse model; Western blot and nuclear fractionation for GSK3β phosphorylation/localization; c-Myc and NFATc1 nuclear import assay; GSK3β conditional KO crosses; pharmacological GSK3 inhibition; human patient T cell assay with GSK3 inhibitor rescue |
Nature communications |
High |
29382851
|
| 2021 |
GIMAP5 is expressed in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and its loss—in humans with homozygous damaging mutations and in mice with endothelial-specific deletion—causes capillarization of LSECs and portal hypertension. Single-cell RNA-seq places GIMAP5 upstream of GATA4, a transcription factor required for LSEC specification. |
Human genetics (4 families); conditional endothelial-specific Gimap5 KO in mice; single-cell RNA-seq; immunofluorescence for LSEC markers; portal pressure measurement |
The Journal of experimental medicine |
High |
33956074
|
| 2021 |
GIMAP5 interacts with M6PR (mannose-6-phosphate receptor) and promotes transport of M6PR from cytoplasm to cell membrane, thereby inhibiting PADI4-driven EMT in lung cancer cells. |
Co-IP combined with mass spectrometry; Western blot; immunofluorescence for M6PR localization; EMT marker analysis in GIMAP5-overexpressing lung cancer cell lines |
Frontiers in oncology |
Medium |
34604035
|
| 2023 |
GIMAP5 forms a protein complex with MFSD1 (a lysosomal membrane solute carrier) and GLMP (glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein); interactions between MFSD1/GLMP and GIMAP5 are essential for maintaining normal GIMAP5 protein expression levels, which in turn support lymphocyte development and liver homeostasis. |
Proteomic analysis (mass spectrometry) of MFSD1 interactors; ENU-induced alleles + germline KO of Mfsd1, Glmp, Gimap5; co-immunoprecipitation; Western blot for GIMAP5 protein levels in KO backgrounds |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
38055739
|
| 2023 |
GIMAP5 interacts with M6PR and promotes lysosomal degradation of RSV; GIMAP5 also downregulates the RSV surface receptor IGF1R. GIMAP5 agonist compounds inhibit RSV infection in vitro and in vivo. |
Co-IP; Western blot; indirect immunofluorescence; transmission electron microscopy of lysosomal RSV degradation in GIMAP5-overexpressing and -silenced cells; in vivo RSV model with GIMAP5 agonists |
Journal of medical virology |
Medium |
36484389
|
| 2024 |
GIMAP5 restricts pathological accumulation of long-chain ceramides (CERs) by interacting with protein kinase CK2 and attenuating CK2's ability to activate ceramide synthases. Loss of GIMAP5 leads to CER overaccumulation, cell senescence, and early mortality. Inhibition of CK2 or ceramide synthase rescues GIMAP5-deficient T cells from CER overaccumulation and deterioration. |
Human genetic disease identification; Co-IP of GIMAP5 with CK2; lipidomic quantification of ceramide species; pharmacological inhibition of CK2 and ceramide synthase; T cell survival/senescence assays in GIMAP5-deficient cells |
Nature immunology |
High |
38172257
|