Affinage

FANCG

Fanconi anemia group G protein · UniProt O15287

Length
622 aa
Mass
68.6 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
87 papers in source corpus 30 papers cited in narrative 30 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

FANCG (identical to XRCC9) is a tetratricopeptide-repeat (TPR) scaffold protein of the Fanconi anemia (FA) DNA-repair pathway, originally identified by its ability to complement the mitomycin C-, cisplatin-, and crosslink-hypersensitive phenotype and chromosomal instability of FA-G cells (PMID:9806548, PMID:9256465). Within the FA nuclear core complex, FANCG directly binds FANCA through an arginine-rich motif at the FANCA N-terminus and its own C-terminal/TPR contact surfaces, mutually stabilizing the two proteins, promoting nuclear import of the complex, and additionally recruiting FANCC via its C-terminus (PMID:10373536, PMID:10567393, PMID:11050007, PMID:10961856); cryo-EM of the FANCA-FANCG complex shows FANCG making independent contacts with the FANCA N-terminal region and C-terminal HEAT solenoid, both required for FANCA nuclear localization (PMID:32002546). Its TPR motifs (notably TPR1, 2, 5, 6) constitute the protein-protein interaction scaffold needed for assembly of both the core complex and downstream complexes (PMID:14697762, PMID:20450923). The assembled core complex is required for damage-induced monoubiquitination of FANCD2, the central activating event of the pathway (PMID:11751423, PMID:11719385). Independently of core-complex function, FANCG nucleates a discrete D1-D2-G-X3 complex with BRCA2/FANCD1, FANCD2, and the RAD51 paralog XRCC3, an assembly that depends on phosphorylation of FANCG at Ser7 and supports homologous-recombination repair of interstrand crosslinks (PMID:12915460, PMID:16621732, PMID:18212739), consistent with FANCG being required for efficient HR repair of double-strand breaks (PMID:12861027). FANCG is further phosphorylated at Ser383/Ser387 by Cdc2 during mitosis (PMID:15367677) and modified by K63-linked polyubiquitin chains that recruit the Rap80-BRCA1 complex for HR repair while being dispensable for FANCD2 monoubiquitination (PMID:25132264), and it links the pathway to the ERCC1-XPF endonuclease that performs ICL unhooking through its TPR motifs (PMID:20518486). A mitochondrial pool of FANCG, separable from its nuclear repair function, protects against oxidative stress and supports FANCJ helicase iron-sulfur integrity via frataxin (PMID:32989015).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 1998 High

    Establishing that the FANCG disease gene is identical to XRCC9 connected an uncharacterized FA complementation group to a known crosslink-repair locus.

    Evidence Complementation of FA-G cells with mutation identification, and XRCC9 cDNA correction of CHO UV40 cells across multiple genotoxins with cytogenetic readouts

    PMID:9256465 PMID:9806548

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not define the molecular activity of the protein
    • Placed FANCG in postreplication repair/checkpoint without a mechanism
  2. 1999 High

    Identifying FANCG as a binding partner that bridges FANCA and FANCC revealed it as a structural component of a nuclear FA protein complex rather than a standalone enzyme.

    Evidence Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation, nuclear fractionation, and complementation across FA group cell lines; domain mapping placed the contact at FANCA aa 18-29 and non-contiguous FANCG C-terminal regions

    PMID:10373536 PMID:10468606 PMID:10567393

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not establish the catalytic output of the assembled complex
    • Interaction surfaces mapped functionally but not structurally
  3. 2000 High

    Demonstrating mutual FANCA/FANCG stabilization, NLS binding, and a distinct C-terminal FANCC-recruitment requirement explained how FANCG controls assembly and nuclear delivery of the FA complex.

    Evidence Pulse-chase stability assays, yeast two-hybrid, truncation mutants, and co-IP with FANCF incorporation into the nuclear complex

    PMID:10627486 PMID:10961856 PMID:11050007 PMID:11063725

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of nuclear import beyond FANCA NLS binding unresolved
    • Stoichiometry of the core complex not defined
  4. 2001 High

    Linking FANCG loss to failed FANCD2 monoubiquitination placed FANCG functionally upstream of the pathway's central activation switch.

    Evidence FANCD2 isoform immunoblotting in FANCG-deficient CHO mutants and Fancg-knockout mouse lymphocytes with complementation/IR controls

    PMID:11719385 PMID:11751423

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify the ubiquitin ligase acting on FANCD2
    • Did not explain how the core complex enables monoubiquitination mechanistically
  5. 2003 High

    Discovery of direct FANCG-BRCA2 binding and an HR repair defect in FANCG-null cells connected the FA core protein to homologous recombination effectors.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, co-IP, MMC-induced focus co-localization with BRCA2/RAD51, and quantitative I-SceI HR assay in DT40 knockouts

    PMID:12861027 PMID:12915460

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve whether BRCA2 interaction was within or outside the core complex
    • HR mechanism downstream of FANCG not defined
  6. 2004 High

    Defining the TPR scaffold and identifying functional phosphorylation sites (Ser7; Ser383/387 by Cdc2) separated FANCG's binding architecture from regulatory inputs controlling its activity.

    Evidence TPR mutagenesis with complementation/binding readouts; in vitro kinase assays, mass spectrometry, phospho-specific antibodies, and S7A/S383A/S387A mutants with functional complementation

    PMID:14697762 PMID:15299017 PMID:15367677

    Open questions at the time
    • Kinase responsible for Ser7 phosphorylation not identified
    • Functional consequence of mitotic Ser383/387 phosphorylation at the pathway level incomplete
  7. 2008 High

    Defining the Ser7-dependent D1-D2-G-X3 complex established a core-complex-independent role for FANCG in coupling FANCD2 and BRCA2 with XRCC3 for crosslink HR repair.

    Evidence Co-IP requiring FANCG (not other core proteins) for BRCA2-FANCD2 co-precipitation, S7A phospho-mutant analysis, XRCC3 interaction via patient mutation L71P, and FANCG/XRCC3 epistasis in DT40

    PMID:16621732 PMID:18212739

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the D1-D2-G-X3 complex unknown
    • How Ser7 phosphorylation drives complex assembly mechanistically unresolved
  8. 2010 High

    Systematic TPR mutagenesis showed FANCG TPR motifs mediate both core-complex and D1-D2-G-X3 assembly and additionally tether the ERCC1-XPF unhooking endonuclease, casting FANCG as a multi-complex interaction hub.

    Evidence TPR1/2/5/6 mutant co-IP against BRCA2, XRCC3, FANCA, FANCF with FANCD2 monoubiquitylation and MMC/phleomycin complementation; yeast two-hybrid and domain mapping of direct ERCC1/XPF binding

    PMID:20450923 PMID:20518486

    Open questions at the time
    • ERCC1-XPF interaction lacks in vivo co-IP validation
    • How a single scaffold partitions among distinct complexes is unknown
  9. 2014 High

    Identifying DNA-damage-induced K63-linked polyubiquitination of FANCG that recruits Rap80-BRCA1 added a post-translational layer routing FANCG to HR repair separable from FANCD2 monoubiquitination.

    Evidence Linkage-specific ubiquitin immunoblot, 3KR (K182/K258/K347) mutagenesis, co-IP with Rap80-BRCA1, BRCC36 deubiquitinase assays, and HR repair assay

    PMID:25132264

    Open questions at the time
    • Ubiquitin ligase that adds K63 chains to FANCG not identified
    • Timing relative to other FANCG modifications unresolved
  10. 2020 High

    A near-atomic cryo-EM model of the FANCA-FANCG complex provided the structural basis for how FANCG drives FANCA nuclear localization, and a mitochondrial-deficient variant revealed a repair-independent FANCG function in oxidative protection.

    Evidence Cryo-EM of Xenopus FANCA and FANCA-FANCG with nuclear-localization validation; patient variant p.Arg22Pro analysis with FANCD2 monoubiquitination, FXN expression, and FANCJ activity readouts

    PMID:32002546 PMID:32989015

    Open questions at the time
    • No high-resolution structure of the full core complex
    • Mechanism by which mitochondrial FANCG regulates frataxin transcription unknown
  11. 2021 Medium

    Mouse models extended FANCG function to developmental and stem-cell contexts—germ cell migration and hematopoietic/mesenchymal stem cell maintenance—beyond DNA crosslink repair.

    Evidence Fancg-knockout mouse PGC migration assays with RAC1 inhibitor rescue; competitive transplantation, homing/quiescence and CXCL12 migration assays for HSCs; MSPC co-culture and transplantation rescue

    PMID:19129541 PMID:21968513 PMID:34368842

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether these phenotypes derive from DNA-repair failure or a separable function is unresolved
    • Direct molecular link between FANCG and RAC1/CXCL12 signaling not established

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a single TPR scaffold dynamically partitions among the FA core complex, the D1-D2-G-X3 HR complex, the ERCC1-XPF unhooking machinery, and a mitochondrial pool—and what governs the switch between these states—remains unresolved.
  • No structure of FANCG within the assembled multi-protein complexes
  • Regulatory hierarchy among Ser7/Ser383/387 phosphorylation and K63 ubiquitination unknown
  • Mechanism coordinating nuclear versus mitochondrial FANCG pools undefined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 4 GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 3
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 1
Pathway
R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3
Partners
BRCA2ERCC1FANCAFANCCFANCD2FANCFXPFXRCC3
Complex memberships
D1-D2-G-X3 complexFA nuclear core complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 30 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1998 FANCG is identical to XRCC9, a gene that complements the MMC-sensitive Chinese hamster mutant UV40, implicating FANCG in DNA post-replication repair or cell cycle checkpoint control. Complementation of FA-G cell line; identification of pathogenic mutations in FA-G patients Nature genetics High 9806548
1997 XRCC9/FANCG partially corrects hypersensitivity of CHO UV40 cells to mitomycin C, cisplatin, ethyl methanesulfonate, UV, and gamma-radiation, and almost fully corrects spontaneous chromosomal aberrations, placing FANCG in a postreplication repair or cell cycle checkpoint function. Complementation assay; cDNA transfection into CHO UV40 cells; cytogenetic analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 9256465
1999 FANCG protein is required for binding of FANCA and FANCC proteins to each other, and is itself a component of a nuclear protein complex containing FANCA and FANCC; the amino-terminal region of FANCA is required for FANCG binding. Co-immunoprecipitation; nuclear fractionation; complementation assays Molecular and cellular biology High 10373536
1999 FANCG localizes to both cytoplasm and nucleus, and forms a physical complex with FANCA both in vivo and in vitro; the FANCA/FANCG complex is absent in FA-A and FA-G cell lines but present in FA-D and FA-E cells, indicating group-specific assembly requirements. Co-immunoprecipitation in vivo and in vitro; nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation; transfection and cell fusion correction experiments Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 10468606
1999 The FANCA-FANCG interaction domain maps to amino acids 18-29 of FANCA (arginine-rich motif RRRAWAELLAG) and to two non-contiguous carboxy-terminal domains of FANCG (aa 400-475 and 585-622); mutations in this domain abolish complementation of MMC sensitivity, demonstrating that nuclear FANCA-FANCG complexes are required for cellular resistance to MMC. Site-directed mutagenesis; co-immunoprecipitation; NLS/NES targeting constructs; MMC sensitivity assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 10567393
2000 FANCF forms a nuclear complex with FANCA, FANCC, and FANCG; each FA protein (except FANCD) is required for these complexes to form, as demonstrated by absence of interactions in the corresponding complementation group cell lines. Co-immunoprecipitation; nuclear fractionation in FA complementation group lymphoblasts Human molecular genetics High 11063725
2000 FANCG and FANCA stabilize each other: correction of FA-G cells with FANCG cDNA prolongs FANCA half-life and increases nuclear accumulation of the FA protein complex; reciprocally, FANCA correction increases FANCG half-life. FANCG binds the amino-terminal NLS of FANCA, and this binding is required for nuclear translocation of the complex. Retroviral complementation; pulse-chase protein stability assays; co-immunoprecipitation; nuclear fractionation Blood High 11050007
2000 The amino-terminal two-thirds of FANCG (aa 1-428) binds to the FANCA NLS, but the carboxy terminus of FANCG is additionally required for binding FANCC and for functional complementation of FA-G cells; thus FANCG binding to FANCA is necessary but not sufficient for full FANCG activity. Yeast two-hybrid; co-immunoprecipitation; truncation mutants; MMC complementation assay Blood High 10961856
2000 Yeast two-hybrid analysis confirms a strong direct interaction between full-length FANCA and FANCG proteins, and a weak interaction between FANCA and FANCC. Yeast two-hybrid system with full-length cDNA Blood Medium 10627486
2001 FANCG-deficient CHO mutants (NM3 and UV40) fail to express the monoubiquitinated form of FANCD2 (FANCD2-L); restoration of FANCG by cDNA transfection restores FANCD2-L expression, demonstrating FANCG is required for FANCD2 monoubiquitination. Immunoblotting for FANCD2 isoforms; FANCG cDNA complementation in CHO mutant cells Carcinogenesis High 11751423
2001 Disruption of murine Fancg results in failure to monoubiquitinate FANCD2 in response to ionizing radiation in primary lymphocytes, confirming Fancg's essential role in the FA pathway upstream of FANCD2 activation. Targeted gene disruption in mice; immunoblot for FANCD2 monoubiquitination after IR treatment Blood High 11719385
2001 alphaIISp (nonerythroid alpha spectrin), FANCA, FANCC, and FANCG proteins bind to DNA containing psoralen interstrand cross-links, as demonstrated by DNA affinity chromatography from HeLa cell nuclei; purified bovine brain spectrin binds cross-linked DNA directly. DNA affinity chromatography with psoralen cross-linked DNA; immunoblotting for FA proteins Biochemistry Medium 11401546
2002 FANCG interacts with cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) by yeast two-hybrid; FANCG localizes to cytoplasm and nucleus, with increased cytoplasmic staining after MMC treatment; complementation of FA-G cells with FANCG decreases CYP2E1 levels and reduces oxidative DNA damage (8-oxoG). Yeast two-hybrid; immunocytochemistry; fluorescent 8-oxoguanine assay; retroviral complementation Carcinogenesis Medium 11756225
2003 FANCG directly interacts with two separate sites in BRCA2 (flanking the BRC repeats) by yeast two-hybrid; FANCG co-immunoprecipitates with BRCA2 from human cells; FANCG co-localizes in nuclear foci with BRCA2 and RAD51 following MMC-induced DNA damage. Yeast two-hybrid; co-immunoprecipitation; immunofluorescence co-localization after DNA damage Human molecular genetics High 12915460
2003 FANCG is required for efficient homologous recombination (HR) repair of I-SceI-induced chromosomal double-strand breaks; FANCG-deficient DT40 cells show ~9-fold decreased HR repair efficiency and mild decrease in gene targeting efficiency. FANCG locus disruption in DT40 cells; I-SceI-based HR assay; gene targeting efficiency measurement Molecular and cellular biology High 12861027
2004 FANCG contains at least seven tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs; targeted missense mutagenesis disrupting TPR1, TPR2, TPR5, and TPR6 causes loss of FANCG function (failure to complement FA-G cells) correlated with loss of FANCA binding, establishing TPR motifs as functional protein-protein interaction scaffolds within FANCG. Sequence homology with fish orthologs; targeted TPR mutagenesis; complementation assay; co-immunoprecipitation DNA repair High 14697762
2004 FANCG is phosphorylated at serine 7; mutation of Ser7 to Ala (S7A) abolishes functional complementation of FA-G cells, causes aberrant chromatin localization (globule formation), and fails to abrogate internuclear bridges, despite S7A retaining ability to bind and stabilize FANCA and FANCC. Phosphoserine 7 was mapped by mass spectrometry. In vitro kinase assay; mass spectrometry; site-directed mutagenesis; complementation assay; immunofluorescence The Journal of biological chemistry High 15299017
2004 FANCG is phosphorylated at serines 383 and 387 during mitosis by Cdc2 kinase; mutation of S383A and S387A abolishes mitotic phosphorylation and impairs FANCG's ability to complement FA-G human and hamster cells; S387A abolishes Cdc2-mediated phosphorylation of FANCG fusion protein. In vitro Cdc2 kinase assay; mass spectrometry; PCR-directed mutagenesis; phospho-specific antibodies; complementation assay Molecular and cellular biology High 15367677
2001 FANCG is a phosphoprotein in both nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions; TNF-alpha treatment induces FANCG protein expression and increases nuclear FANCA/FANCG complex levels; IKK-2 inactivation modulates FANCG expression, placing TNF-alpha/NF-kB signaling upstream of FANCG regulation. Immunoblotting with phospho-specific detection; nuclear fractionation; TNF-alpha treatment; IKK-2 inhibition Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 11181053
2006 FANCG directly interacts with the RAD51 paralog XRCC3 by yeast two-hybrid; this interaction is disrupted by the FA-G patient-derived mutation L71P; FANCG co-immunoprecipitates with both XRCC3 and BRCA2 independently of other core complex FA proteins; XRCC3 and BRCA2 co-precipitate in a FANCG-dependent manner. Yeast two-hybrid; co-immunoprecipitation from human and hamster cells; patient-derived mutant analysis DNA repair High 16621732
2008 FANCG promotes formation of a novel protein complex (D1-D2-G-X3) comprising BRCA2/FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCG, and XRCC3; expression of FANCG but not other core complex proteins is required for BRCA2-FANCD2 co-precipitation; phosphorylation of FANCG Ser7 is specifically required for co-precipitation with BRCA2, XRCC3, and FANCD2, and for direct BRCA2-FANCD2 interaction; FANCG and XRCC3 are epistatic for sensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents in DT40 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation; S7A phospho-mutant analysis; epistasis analysis in DT40 cells; genetic knockouts Oncogene High 18212739
2009 FANCG interacts directly with the SH3 domain of alphaII spectrin (alphaIISp) through a consensus SH3-binding motif in FANCG; site-directed mutagenesis of this motif disrupts the interaction; FANCC and FANCF, which lack SH3-binding motifs, do not interact with the alphaIISp SH3 domain. Yeast two-hybrid with alphaIISp domain constructs; site-directed mutagenesis of FANCG SH3-binding motif Biochemistry Medium 19102630
2010 FANCG binds directly to ERCC1 (strong affinity) and XPF (moderate affinity) via its TPR motifs; TPRs 1, 3, 5, and 6 are required for FANCG-ERCC1 binding; ERCC1 interacts with FANCG through its central domain (distinct from its XPF-binding region), establishing a direct link between FANCG and the ERCC1-XPF endonuclease that performs ICL unhooking. Yeast two-hybrid; site-directed mutagenesis of FANCG TPR motifs; domain mapping of ERCC1 Biochemistry Medium 20518486
2010 Mutation of FANCG TPR1, TPR2, TPR5, or TPR6 abolishes in vivo binding to BRCA2, XRCC3, FANCA, and FANCF, fails to restore FANCD2 monoubiquitylation, and fails to complement MMC and phleomycin hypersensitivity; FANCG functions as a mediator of protein-protein interactions essential for both FA core complex and D1-D2-G-X3 complex assembly. Co-immunoprecipitation of TPR mutants; FANCD2 monoubiquitylation assay; MMC/phleomycin sensitivity complementation Mutation research High 20450923
2014 FANCG is modified by K63-linked polyubiquitin chains in response to DNA damage; K63 ubiquitination of FANCG (at K182, K258, K347) is required for FANCG interaction with the Rap80-BRCA1 complex and for HR repair of ICLs; K63Ub-FANCG is dispensable for FANCD2 monoubiquitination; BRCC36 deubiquitinase removes K63Ub from FANCG in vitro and in vivo. Ubiquitin linkage-specific immunoblot; lysine-to-arginine mutagenesis (3KR); co-immunoprecipitation; BRCC36 inhibition; HR repair assay Oncogene High 25132264
2020 Cryo-EM structures of Xenopus laevis FANCA alone (3.35 and 3.46 Å) and two distinct FANCA-FANCG complexes (4.59 and 4.84 Å) reveal that FANCA CTD adopts an arc-shaped solenoid; FANCG makes independent contacts with either the FANCA C-terminal HEAT repeats or the N-terminal region; mutations disrupting either interaction prevent FANCA nuclear localization and FA pathway function. Cryo-electron microscopy structure determination; functional validation by nuclear localization assay Nucleic acids research High 32002546
2020 An FANCG variant (p.Arg22Pro, c.65G>C) that loses mitochondrial localization retains nuclear DNA repair function and FANCD2 monoubiquitination but fails to protect mitochondria from oxidative stress; loss of mitochondrial FANCG causes transcriptional downregulation of frataxin (FXN) and resulting iron deficiency of the FANCJ helicase. Patient mutation analysis; subcellular fractionation/localization; FANCD2 monoubiquitination immunoblot; FXN expression analysis; FANCJ activity assay Molecular and cellular biology Medium 32989015
2021 Fancg deficiency causes abnormal primordial germ cell (PGC) migration in mouse embryos: Fancg-/- PGCs show increased random motility, delayed migration to genital ridges, increased cell death, and PGC attrition starting at E9.5; RAC1 inhibition mitigates the abnormal migratory pattern in Fancg-/- PGCs. Genetic mouse model; in vitro and in vivo PGC migration assays; RAC1 inhibitor treatment; immunofluorescence Human molecular genetics Medium 34368842
2011 Fancg is required for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence, homing, and engraftment: Fancg-/- HSCs show reduced LSK compartment, loss of quiescence, impaired CXCL12-directed migration in vitro, and defective BM homing after transplantation; key genes involved in HSC self-renewal, quiescence, and migration are dysregulated in Fancg-/- LSK cells. Genetic KO mouse model; competitive transplantation assay; flow cytometry; in vitro migration assay; gene expression analysis Human molecular genetics Medium 21968513
2009 Loss of functional Fancg in mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) causes defective MSPC proliferation and impaired ability to support hematopoietic stem cell (HSPC) adhesion and engraftment; transplantation of wild-type but not Fancg-/- MSPCs into Fancg-/- recipients restores HSPC engraftment and BM cellularity. Fancg-/- mouse model; in vitro MSPC-HSPC co-culture; tibial MSPC transplantation; BM reconstitution assay Blood Medium 19129541

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 87 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1998 The Fanconi anaemia group G gene FANCG is identical with XRCC9. Nature genetics 277 9806548
1999 Fanconi anemia proteins FANCA, FANCC, and FANCG/XRCC9 interact in a functional nuclear complex. Molecular and cellular biology 195 10373536
2000 The Fanconi anemia protein FANCF forms a nuclear complex with FANCA, FANCC and FANCG. Human molecular genetics 167 11063725
1999 A physical complex of the Fanconi anemia proteins FANCG/XRCC9 and FANCA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 124 10468606
2003 Fanconi anemia FANCG protein in mitigating radiation- and enzyme-induced DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination in vertebrate cells. Molecular and cellular biology 122 12861027
2000 The fanconi anemia proteins FANCA and FANCG stabilize each other and promote the nuclear accumulation of the Fanconi anemia complex. Blood 108 11050007
2001 Targeted disruption of the murine Fanconi anemia gene, Fancg/Xrcc9. Blood 102 11719385
2002 Reduced fertility and hypersensitivity to mitomycin C characterize Fancg/Xrcc9 null mice. Human molecular genetics 95 11823446
2003 Direct interaction of the Fanconi anaemia protein FANCG with BRCA2/FANCD1. Human molecular genetics 85 12915460
2002 The FANCG Fanconi anemia protein interacts with CYP2E1: possible role in protection against oxidative DNA damage. Carcinogenesis 81 11756225
2008 FANCG promotes formation of a newly identified protein complex containing BRCA2, FANCD2 and XRCC3. Oncogene 69 18212739
1997 The human XRCC9 gene corrects chromosomal instability and mutagen sensitivities in CHO UV40 cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 69 9256465
2001 Human alpha spectrin II and the FANCA, FANCC, and FANCG proteins bind to DNA containing psoralen interstrand cross-links. Biochemistry 67 11401546
2004 The genetics of FANCC and FANCG in familial pancreatic cancer. Cancer biology & therapy 62 14726700
2004 Multiple TPR motifs characterize the Fanconi anemia FANCG protein. DNA repair 57 14697762
2009 Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells promote the reconstitution of exogenous hematopoietic stem cells in Fancg-/- mice in vivo. Blood 56 19129541
2005 New insights into the Fanconi anemia pathway from an isogenic FancG hamster CHO mutant. DNA repair 56 15533833
2000 Spectrum of mutations in the Fanconi anaemia group G gene, FANCG/XRCC9. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 51 11093276
2011 Areca nut induces miR-23a and inhibits repair of DNA double-strand breaks by targeting FANCG. Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 49 21750350
2006 Targeted disruption of FANCC and FANCG in human cancer provides a preclinical model for specific therapeutic options. Gastroenterology 47 16762635
1999 Resistance to mitomycin C requires direct interaction between the Fanconi anemia proteins FANCA and FANCG in the nucleus through an arginine-rich domain. The Journal of biological chemistry 47 10567393
2010 Genetic disruption of both Fancc and Fancg in mice recapitulates the hematopoietic manifestations of Fanconi anemia. Blood 41 20606166
2006 Tetratricopeptide-motif-mediated interaction of FANCG with recombination proteins XRCC3 and BRCA2. DNA repair 40 16621732
2006 Continuous in vivo infusion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enhances engraftment of syngeneic wild-type cells in Fanca-/- and Fancg-/- mice. Blood 39 16946306
2004 Phosphorylation of fanconi anemia (FA) complementation group G protein, FANCG, at serine 7 is important for function of the FA pathway. The Journal of biological chemistry 39 15299017
2001 The Chinese hamster FANCG/XRCC9 mutant NM3 fails to express the monoubiquitinated form of the FANCD2 protein, is hypersensitive to a range of DNA damaging agents and exhibits a normal level of spontaneous sister chromatid exchange. Carcinogenesis 36 11751423
2003 Spectrum of sequence variation in the FANCG gene: an International Fanconi Anemia Registry (IFAR) study. Human mutation 32 12552564
2004 Expression and epitope analysis of the major allergenic protein Fag e 1 from buckwheat. Journal of plant physiology 31 15310064
2004 FANCG is phosphorylated at serines 383 and 387 during mitosis. Molecular and cellular biology 31 15367677
2004 Expression of fragments of translation initiation factor eIF4GI reveals a nuclear localisation signal within the N-terminal apoptotic cleavage fragment N-FAG. Journal of cell science 29 15128869
2000 Strong FANCA/FANCG but weak FANCA/FANCC interaction in the yeast 2-hybrid system. Blood 27 10627486
2004 Telomere dynamics in Fancg-deficient mouse and human cells. Blood 26 15319283
2000 Carboxy terminal region of the Fanconi anemia protein, FANCG/XRCC9, is required for functional activity. Blood 25 10961856
2012 Effects of Maillard reaction on allergenicity of buckwheat allergen Fag t 3 during thermal processing. Journal of the science of food and agriculture 24 23165788
2009 The SH3 domain of alphaII spectrin is a target for the Fanconi anemia protein, FANCG. Biochemistry 24 19102630
2011 Impaired functionality and homing of Fancg-deficient hematopoietic stem cells. Human molecular genetics 21 21968513
2010 The Fanconi anemia protein, FANCG, binds to the ERCC1-XPF endonuclease via its tetratricopeptide repeats and the central domain of ERCC1. Biochemistry 21 20518486
2003 Two common founder mutations of the fanconi anemia group G gene FANCG/XRCC9 in the Japanese population. Human mutation 21 12673805
2017 Concomitant sensitization to legumin, Fag e 2 and Fag e 5 predicts buckwheat allergy. Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology 20 29171912
2013 FANCA and FANCG are the major Fanconi anemia genes in the Korean population. Clinical genetics 20 23067021
2010 Genomic instability in mice is greater in Fanconi anemia caused by deficiency of Fancd2 than Fancg. Cancer research 20 21118969
2001 Fanconi anemia protein, FANCG, is a phosphoprotein and is upregulated with FANCA after TNF-alpha treatment. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20 11181053
2018 Amelioration of Head and Neck Radiation-Induced Mucositis and Distant Marrow Suppression in Fanca-/- and Fancg-/- Mice by Intraoral Administration of GS-Nitroxide (JP4-039). Radiation research 19 29584588
2010 Several tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs of FANCG are required for assembly of the BRCA2/D1-D2-G-X3 complex, FANCD2 monoubiquitylation and phleomycin resistance. Mutation research 19 20450923
2001 Functional analysis of patient-derived mutations in the Fanconi anemia gene, FANCG/XRCC9. Experimental hematology 19 11438206
2002 Characterization, expression and complex formation of the murine Fanconi anaemia gene product Fancg. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 18 11918676
2014 K63-linked ubiquitination of FANCG is required for its association with the Rap80-BRCA1 complex to modulate homologous recombination repair of DNA interstand crosslinks. Oncogene 17 25132264
2000 Novel mutations of the FANCG gene causing alternative splicing in Japanese Fanconi anemia. Journal of human genetics 17 10807541
2020 Structural basis of the fanconi anemia-associated mutations within the FANCA and FANCG complex. Nucleic acids research 13 32002546
2018 Specific IgE for Fag e 3 Predicts Oral Buckwheat Food Challenge Test Results and Anaphylaxis: A Pilot Study. International archives of allergy and immunology 13 29635254
2018 Structural basis for cross-reactivity and conformation fluctuation of the major beech pollen allergen Fag s 1. Scientific reports 13 30002383
2021 Identification of a Novel Major Allergen in Buckwheat Seeds: Fag t 6. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 12 34076413
2017 Loss of heterozygosity in FANCG, FANCF and BRIP1 from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. International journal of oncology 12 28440438
2009 Modulation of immunoresponse in BALB/c mice by oral administration of Fag e 1-glucomannan conjugate. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 11 19795882
2022 Fanconi Anemia Patients from an Indigenous Community in Mexico Carry a New Founder Pathogenic Variant in FANCG. International journal of molecular sciences 10 35216452
2021 Abnormal migration behavior linked to Rac1 signaling contributes to primordial germ cell exhaustion in Fanconi anemia pathway-deficient Fancg-/- embryos. Human molecular genetics 10 34368842
2004 Characterization of the hamster FancG/Xrcc9 gene and mutations in CHO UV40 and NM3. Mutagenesis 10 15123790
1992 Profile and prevalence of the brain fag syndrome: psychiatric morbidity in school populations in Africa. The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement 10 1389030
1990 Blood stem cell autografts in malignant blood disease: the French experience with a special focus on myeloma. The France Autogreffe Group (FAG). Haematologica 9 1972129
2017 Monoclonal Antibodies to Recombinant Fag e 3 Buckwheat Allergen and Development of a Two-site ELISA for Its Quantification. Allergy, asthma & immunology research 8 28677355
2013 Fanconi anaemia in black South African patients heterozygous for the FANCG c.637-643delTACCGCC founder mutation. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde 8 24300640
2011 Evidence for complete epistasis of null mutations in murine Fanconi anemia genes Fanca and Fancg. DNA repair 8 22036606
2020 Endocrine profiling in patients with Fanconi anemia, homozygous for a FANCG founder mutation. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 7 32529760
2014 Hematological consequences of a FANCG founder mutation in Black South African patients with Fanconi anemia. Blood cells, molecules & diseases 7 25477267
2006 Role of the Fancg gene in protecting cells from particulate chromate-induced chromosome instability. Mutation research 7 17097336
2014 Interleukin 8/KC enhances G-CSF induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell mobilization in Fancg deficient mice. Stem cell investigation 6 27358865
2007 Identification, developmental expression and regulation of the Xenopus ortholog of human FANCG/XRCC9. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 6 17584296
2024 A comprehensive study evaluating germline FANCG variants in predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer. Cancer medicine 5 39149814
2021 A solvent-assisted ESIPT fluorescent dye for F-/Ag+ sensing and high-resolution imaging of the cilia in live cells. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 5 34378069
2021 In silico study of missense variants of FANCA, FANCC and FANCG genes reveals high risk deleterious alleles predisposing to Fanconi anemia pathogenesis. Gene 5 34864095
2017 Screening for mutations in two exons of FANCG gene in Pakistani population. Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia 5 28627524
2021 Clinical and Genetic Features of Patients With Fanconi Anemia in Lebanon and Report on Novel Mutations in the FANCA and FANCG Genes. Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology 4 32947577
2020 Loss of Mitochondrial Localization of Human FANCG Causes Defective FANCJ Helicase. Molecular and cellular biology 4 32989015
2012 Synthesis of hypoallergenic derivatives of the major allergen Fag t 1 from tartary buckwheat via sequence restructuring. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 4 22449541
2022 2S albumin g13 polypeptide, less related to Fag e 2, can be eliminated in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) seeds. Food chemistry. Molecular sciences 3 36187231
2015 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments and second structure information of Fag s 1: Fagales allergen from Fagus sylvatica. Biomolecular NMR assignments 3 26289775
2022 Identification of a Hypomorphic FANCG Variant in Bernese Mountain Dogs. Genes 2 36292578
2016 Characterization of two novel FANCG mutations in Indian Fanconi anemia patients. Leukemia research 2 28024295
2014 Brain fag: New perspectives from case observations. Transcultural psychiatry 2 25468825
2009 RAD51D- and FANCG-dependent base substitution mutagenesis at the ATP1A1 locus in mammalian cells. Mutation research 2 19427512
2024 Chemical Carcinogen (3-Methylcholanthrene)-induced Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcomas in Fanconi Anemia Fancd2-/-, Fancg-/- (C57BL/6), Fancd2-/- (129/Sv) Mice. In vivo (Athens, Greece) 1 39477388
2023 A C57BL/6J Fancg-KO Mouse Model Generated by CRISPR/Cas9 Partially Captures the Human Phenotype. International journal of molecular sciences 1 37446306
2025 A seed-specific promoter from allergen gene Fag t 2 in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) and its responses to phytohormone. Journal of the science of food and agriculture 0 40832771
2024 Establishment of monoclonal antibodies of BW10kDa distinguish it from Fag e 2 related to anaphylaxis. Food chemistry. Molecular sciences 0 38854659
2021 Frequent internuclear bridging in a Fanconi anemia patient with FANCG mutation. Blood 0 34436527
2013 [Expression of FANCG gene in acute myeloid leukemia]. Zhongguo shi yan xue ye xue za zhi 0 23484681
2006 Four human FANCG polymorphic variants show normal biological function in hamster CHO cells. Mutation research 0 17010390

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