Affinage

ENG

Endoglin · UniProt P17813

Length
658 aa
Mass
70.6 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 12 papers cited in narrative 12 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

Endoglin (ENG/CD105) is a homodimeric endothelial transmembrane co-receptor for TGF-β superfamily ligands that shapes angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, and endothelial homeostasis by modulating downstream Smad signaling (PMID:28564608, PMID:11739167). Crystal structures of the ectodomain show that BMP9 docks onto a hydrophobic surface of ENG's N-terminal orphan domain, which adopts a circularly permuted duplicated fold, while the C-terminal zona pellucida (ZP) module mediates the homodimerization that lets two ENG copies embrace dimeric BMP9; this binding mode is compatible with type I but not type II receptor recognition, and the interface coincides with residues mutated in HHT1 (PMID:28564608). ENG antagonizes TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling, reducing Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation while activating JNK1/c-Jun (PMID:15274293), and acts as a positive co-factor with TGF-βR2 in TGF-β1-driven vascular network formation (PMID:29566045). Through its activity it promotes endothelial survival under hypoxic stress by preserving anti-apoptotic Bcl-2/Bcl-XL balance (PMID:12746487) and is required for myeloid and definitive erythroid differentiation from Flk1+ progenitors (PMID:11739167); an RGD motif in the ZP domain mediates integrin engagement during leukocyte–endothelial interactions (PMID:25709613). In disease and cancer contexts ENG feeds BMP/ALK1–SMAD1/5–ID1 signaling, supporting HCV-core-induced cancer stem-like cells (PMID:28794048), a radiation-resistance CD105–SIRT1–p53–PGC-1α axis in prostate cancer (PMID:29717261), and ID1/E2F/RBM38-dependent generation of the AR-V7 splice variant (PMID:36045587). ENG haploinsufficiency causes hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 (HHT1), with certain missense variants retained in the ER where they heterodimerize with wild-type endoglin and block its maturation, exerting dominant-negative effects beyond simple haploinsufficiency (PMID:38272447, PMID:22192717).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 2001 High

    Established a developmental requirement for endoglin in blood cell formation, defining its earliest functional role beyond vascular biology.

    Evidence CD105-knockout murine embryonic stem cell differentiation with lineage flow cytometry and colony assays

    PMID:11739167

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not identify the ligand/receptor partners driving the lineage defect
    • In vitro ES differentiation may not reflect in vivo fetal/adult hematopoiesis
  2. 2003 Medium

    Showed endoglin is a hypoxia-inducible survival factor for endothelial cells, linking it to apoptosis regulation independent of exogenous TGF-β1.

    Evidence Antisense knockdown in microvascular endothelial cells with TUNEL and Bcl-2/Bax/Bcl-XL/Mcl-1 westerns under hypoxia

    PMID:12746487

    Open questions at the time
    • Antisense knockdown specificity not orthogonally confirmed
    • Signaling link between endoglin and Bcl-2 family regulation not mapped
  3. 2004 Medium

    Defined a mechanism by which endoglin restrains TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling, reframing it as a modulator rather than a simple ligand binder.

    Evidence CD105 transfection in rat myoblasts with CAGA/3TP luciferase reporters, phospho-Smad3 westerns, Smad3 nuclear translocation imaging, and phospho-JNK1 westerns

    PMID:15274293

    Open questions at the time
    • Overexpression in myoblasts may not reflect endogenous endothelial stoichiometry
    • Causal link between JNK1/c-Jun activation and Smad3 inhibition is correlative
  4. 2011 Medium

    Demonstrated that non-coding 5'UTR mutations cause HHT by lowering endoglin protein, establishing dosage sensitivity at the translational level.

    Evidence Patient ENG 5'UTR sequencing plus in vitro mutant expression constructs with endoglin westerns and linkage analysis

    PMID:22192717

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative threshold of endoglin loss required for disease not defined
    • Mechanism of altered translation initiation not resolved at nucleotide level
  5. 2015 Medium

    Identified an RGD-integrin functional module in the ZP domain, extending endoglin's role to leukocyte trafficking and adhesion.

    Evidence Review summarizing RGD motif identification, integrin co-expression, and cell adhesion assays from multiple cited studies

    PMID:25709613

    Open questions at the time
    • Review-level synthesis without primary experimental detail in this entry
    • Specific integrin partners and binding affinities not delineated here
  6. 2017 High

    Resolved the structural basis of ligand recognition, explaining how BMP9 selects ENG and how HHT1 mutations and the TRC105 antibody epitope map onto the binding surface.

    Evidence X-ray crystal structures of the ENG ectodomain alone and bound to BMP9

    PMID:28564608

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not capture the full ternary complex with type I/II receptors in membrane context
    • Does not address how ligand binding transduces to intracellular signaling
  7. 2017 Medium

    Placed endoglin within an oncogenic ALK1-SMAD1/5-ID1 axis driving cancer stem-like cell generation, expanding its role into BMP-arm signaling and tumorigenesis.

    Evidence HCV core transfection in HepG2/IHH cells with phospho-SMAD1/5 and ID1 westerns, endoglin siRNA, ALK1-Fc blockade, and CD105 flow cytometry

    PMID:28794048

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking HCV core to increased endoglin surface expression unknown
    • Single cell-line system, single lab
  8. 2018 Medium

    Showed endoglin is a required co-activator with TGF-βR2 for TGF-β1-induced vascular network formation, distinguishing its positive role in vascularization.

    Evidence CD105 knockdown/blockade in cardiosphere-derived cells in HA hydrogels with network formation, NO and VEGF readouts

    PMID:29566045

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct physical interaction with TGF-βR2 not demonstrated in this system
    • Findings in engineered hydrogel may not generalize to native vasculature
  9. 2018 Medium

    Defined a CD105-SIRT1-p53-PGC-1α axis conferring radiation resistance, connecting endoglin to DNA repair and metabolic recovery in cancer.

    Evidence TRC105 antibody blockade, clonogenic survival, SIRT1/p53/PGC-1α westerns, γH2AX foci, and prostate cancer xenografts with p53-null comparison

    PMID:29717261

    Open questions at the time
    • How CD105 signaling upregulates SIRT1 mechanistically not resolved
    • Dependence restricted to p53-functional cells limits generalizability
  10. 2020 Medium

    Demonstrated that sustained endoglin overexpression produces abnormal leaky vessels with poor mural coverage, clarifying that endoglin levels must be tightly balanced for normal angiogenesis.

    Evidence Stable endoglin overexpression in endothelial cells with in vitro sprouting and in vivo vascularization/tumor models and histological mural coverage analysis

    PMID:31897911

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular effectors maintaining the 'active' endothelial phenotype not identified
    • Overexpression magnitude relative to pathological states not calibrated
  11. 2022 Medium

    Linked endoglin/BMP signaling to androgen receptor splice variant generation via an ID1/E2F/RBM38 cascade, identifying a therapeutic node for resistant prostate cancer.

    Evidence ChIP for ID1/E2F, RIP for RBM38-AR cryptic exon binding, carotuximab blockade, AR-V7 westerns, and patient circulating tumor cell analysis

    PMID:36045587

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct chain from endoglin receptor activation to ID1 induction not fully mapped
    • Clinical correlation is observational
  12. 2024 High

    Showed that ER-retained HHT1 missense variants act as dominant negatives by heterodimerizing with wild-type endoglin, explaining disease severity beyond haploinsufficiency.

    Evidence Reciprocal co-IP of ER-retained mutants with WT endoglin, surface biotinylation, and endoglycosidase H ER-retention assays across multiple variants

    PMID:38272447

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative contribution of dominant-negative effect versus haploinsufficiency in patients not measured
    • Whether all HHT1 missense variants behave this way not tested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How endoglin's ligand-binding and co-receptor function is coupled to selective activation of the Smad2/3 versus Smad1/5 arms in different cell types and disease contexts remains unresolved.
  • No structure of the full ENG–type I/type II receptor signaling complex
  • Context-dependent switching between TGF-β/Smad3 inhibition and BMP/Smad1/5 promotion not mechanistically reconciled

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 2
Partners
ACVRL1BMP9TGFB1TGFBR2

Evidence

Reading pass · 12 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2017 Crystal structures of the ectodomain of human endoglin (ENG) and its complex with BMP9 revealed that BMP9 interacts with a hydrophobic surface of the N-terminal orphan domain of ENG, which adopts a new duplicated fold generated by circular permutation. The interface involves residues mutated in HHT1 and overlaps with the epitope of anti-ENG monoclonal antibody TRC105. The C-terminal zona pellucida (ZP) module structure suggests how two copies of ENG embrace homodimeric BMP9, and BMP9 binding is compatible with type I but not type II receptor recognition. X-ray crystallography (crystal structures of ENG ectodomain alone and in complex with BMP9) Cell reports High 28564608
2004 Overexpression of CD105/endoglin in rat myoblasts antagonized TGF-β1-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation and reduced TGF-β1-mediated Smad3/4-dependent transcriptional activity (CAGA-Luc reporter). CD105 reduced serine phosphorylation of Smad3 and inhibited subsequent nuclear translocation of Smad3. CD105 overexpression also led to high phosphorylation of JNK1, which activates c-Jun, a known inhibitor of Smad3 transcriptional activity, suggesting CD105 inhibits TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling partly through JNK1. CD105 transfection in rat myoblasts; luciferase reporter assays (p3TP-Lux, CAGA12-Luc); Western blot for phospho-Smad3; immunofluorescence for Smad3 nuclear translocation; Western blot for phospho-JNK1 Anticancer research Medium 15274293
2003 CD105/endoglin attenuates apoptosis in hypoxic endothelial cells. Hypoxia upregulated CD105 mRNA and protein in human microvascular endothelial cells. Antisense-mediated suppression of CD105 increased apoptosis under hypoxic stress (in the absence of exogenous TGF-β1), and hypoxia plus TGF-β1 synergistically induced apoptosis in CD105-deficient but not control cells. The anti-apoptotic effect correlated with maintenance of Bcl-2/Bax ratio and Bcl-XL/Mcl-1 levels. Antisense oligonucleotide knockdown of CD105; TUNEL assay; Western blot for Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-XL, Mcl-1, caspase-3/8; hypoxia chamber culture Journal of cell science Medium 12746487
2001 CD105/endoglin is required for myelopoiesis and definitive erythropoiesis but not lymphopoiesis during early hematopoiesis from Flk1+ mesodermal precursors. CD105-deficient embryonic stem cells showed severely impaired myeloid and definitive erythroid differentiation in vitro, while lymphoid differentiation was only mildly affected. CD105-knockout murine embryonic stem cell differentiation in vitro; flow cytometry for hematopoietic lineage markers (CD45, Flk1); colony-forming assays Blood High 11739167
2015 ENG/endoglin contains an RGD motif within its zona pellucida domain that mediates integrin-based interactions. Endothelial endoglin was shown to interact with leukocyte integrins and is involved in leukocyte trafficking and extravasation. Ectopic endoglin expression also represses the synthesis of several integrin family members and modulates integrin-mediated cell adhesion. Functional and gene/protein expression analysis; RGD motif identification; co-expression and cell adhesion assays (review summarizing experimental findings from multiple cited studies) Frontiers in genetics Medium 25709613
2017 HCV core protein increases endoglin (CD105) cell-surface expression in hepatocytes, activates downstream ALK1-SMAD1/5 phosphorylation and upregulates ID1. Cancer stem-like cell (CSC) generation by HCV core protein was dependent on the endoglin-ALK1 signaling pathway, as shown by blockade with ALK1-Fc and endoglin siRNA knockdown, which abrogated HCV core-induced CSC properties and reduced antiapoptotic (Bcl2), proliferative (cyclin D1), and stemness (Hes1, Notch1, Nanog, Sox2) proteins. HCV core gene transfection in HepG2 and IHH cells; Western blot for phospho-SMAD1/5, ID1, Bcl2, cyclin D1, Nanog, Sox2, Hes1, Notch1; siRNA knockdown of endoglin; ALK1-Fc blocking; flow cytometry for CD105 surface expression Journal of virology Medium 28794048
2018 Radiation-induced CD105/endoglin signaling (downstream of BMP/TGF-β) was sufficient and necessary for upregulation of SIRT1, which in turn stabilized p53 and activated PGC-1α. This CD105-SIRT1 axis promoted DNA damage repair and metabolic (glycolytic and mitochondrial) recovery after irradiation, conferring radiation resistance in p53-functional prostate cancer cells. Blockade with anti-CD105 antibody TRC105 combined with irradiation depleted ATP stores, caused G2 arrest, delayed DNA damage repair, and reduced tumor growth in xenograft models. Anti-CD105 monoclonal antibody (TRC105) treatment; clonogenic survival assay; Western blot for SIRT1, p53, PGC-1α; DNA damage repair assays (γH2AX foci); xenograft tumor models; p53-null cell comparison Oncogene Medium 29717261
2018 TGF-β1-induced formation of vascular-like networks by human cardiosphere-derived cells (hCDCs) in hyaluronic acid hydrogels was dependent on the co-activity of CD105/endoglin with TGF-βR2. Knockdown or blockade of CD105 abrogated TGF-β1-induced vascular network formation and associated nitric oxide and VEGF production. CD105 knockdown/blockade in hCDC; TGF-β1 stimulation in HA hydrogels; vascular network formation assay; nitric oxide and VEGF quantification PloS one Medium 29566045
2020 Continuous endoglin/CD105 overexpression in endothelial cells disrupts normal angiogenesis by maintaining cells in an active phenotype that impairs endothelium stabilization and mural cell recruitment, resulting in vessels with incomplete mural coverage that permit extravasation and intravasation of tumor cells. In vitro and in vivo sprouting/vascularization models showed that endoglin overexpression does not stimulate sprouting but instead produces abnormal, leaky vessels. Stable endoglin overexpression in endothelial cells; in vitro sprouting assays; in vivo vascularization/tumor models; histological analysis of mural cell coverage and vessel integrity Angiogenesis Medium 31897911
2022 IL-6-mediated AR splice variant (AR-V7) expression in prostate cancer cells and associated fibroblasts requires CD105/endoglin-dependent BMP signaling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed CD105-dependent ID1- and E2F-mediated expression of RBM38. RNA immunoprecipitation showed RBM38 binds the AR cryptic exon 3 to enable AR-V7 generation. Anti-CD105 antibody carotuximab downregulated AR-V7 expression in vitro and in cancer patients on combination treatment. ChIP for ID1/E2F occupancy; RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) for RBM38-AR mRNA interaction; CD105 neutralizing antibody (carotuximab); AR-V7 expression by western blot; patient circulating tumor cell analysis Molecular therapy Medium 36045587
2024 Certain HHT1-causing ENG missense variants (L32R, V105D, P165L, I271N, C363Y) are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and form heterodimers with wild-type endoglin, reducing its maturation and plasma membrane localization through dominant negative effects, thereby exacerbating loss of endoglin function beyond simple haploinsufficiency. Co-immunoprecipitation of HA-tagged ER-retained mutants with Myc-tagged WT endoglin; surface biotinylation and western blot for plasma membrane localization; endoglycosidase H sensitivity (ER retention assay) Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) High 38272447
2011 5'UTR mutations in ENG (c.-127C>T and c.-9G>A) cause HHT by reducing endoglin protein levels. In vitro expression studies demonstrated that a construct bearing c.-127C>T alters translation initiation and decreases endoglin protein, and c.-9G>A acts as a hypomorphic mutation reducing protein levels. Sequencing of ENG 5'UTR in HHT patients; in vitro expression constructs with mutations; western blot for endoglin protein levels; linkage analysis Orphanet journal of rare diseases Medium 22192717

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1998 TRF2 protects human telomeres from end-to-end fusions. Cell 1442 9476899
2003 CD105 is important for angiogenesis: evidence and potential applications. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 438 12773481
2008 Endoglin (CD105): a marker of tumor vasculature and potential target for therapy. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 292 18381930
2011 Bacterial transcription terminators: the RNA 3'-end chronicles. Journal of molecular biology 253 21439297
2011 Endoglin (CD105): a review of its role in angiogenesis and tumor diagnosis, progression and therapy. Anticancer research 242 21737653
1999 3'-End processing of pre-mRNA in eukaryotes. FEMS microbiology reviews 237 10371034
2016 DNA Breaks and End Resection Measured Genome-wide by End Sequencing. Molecular cell 227 27477910
2003 Endoglin (CD105): a powerful therapeutic target on tumor-associated angiogenetic blood vessels. Oncogene 209 14528280
2019 End-to-End Differentiable Learning of Protein Structure. Cell systems 197 31005579
2015 Differential phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs regulates the interplay between end-processing and end-ligation during nonhomologous end-joining. Molecular cell 170 25818648
2003 CD105 prevents apoptosis in hypoxic endothelial cells. Journal of cell science 134 12746487
2017 Structural Basis of the Human Endoglin-BMP9 Interaction: Insights into BMP Signaling and HHT1. Cell reports 123 28564608
2007 Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: clinical features in ENG and ALK1 mutation carriers. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 123 17388964
2020 How Neutrophils Meet Their End. Trends in immunology 108 32303452
2019 Mechanistic insights into mRNA 3'-end processing. Current opinion in structural biology 88 31499460
2004 Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: ENG and ALK-1 mutations in Dutch patients. Human genetics 86 15517393
2002 SRm160 splicing coactivator promotes transcript 3'-end cleavage. Molecular and cellular biology 86 11739730
2003 Emerging role of endoglin (CD105) as a marker of angiogenesis with clinical potential in human malignancies. Current cancer drug targets 85 14683500
2009 Chromosome end maintenance by telomerase. The Journal of biological chemistry 80 19286666
2014 Angiogenesis and expression of PDGF-C, VEGF, CD105 and HIF-1α in human glioblastoma. Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology 75 24612214
2011 Positron emission tomography imaging of CD105 expression during tumor angiogenesis. European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging 73 21373764
2011 Positron emission tomography imaging of CD105 expression with 89Zr-Df-TRC105. European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging 73 21909753
2012 End-to-end attraction of duplex DNA. Nucleic acids research 70 22241779
2006 Correlation between CD105 expression and postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC cancer 70 16650286
2006 Distribution of ENG and ACVRL1 (ALK1) mutations in French HHT patients. Human mutation 68 16705692
2001 Expression and function of CD105 during the onset of hematopoiesis from Flk1(+) precursors. Blood 67 11739167
2016 Structural basis for DNA 5´-end resection by RecJ. eLife 65 27058167
2018 Eukaryotic RNA 5'-End NAD+ Capping and DeNADding. Trends in cell biology 64 29544676
2002 Endoglin (CD105) expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Head & neck 57 11891945
2011 Assessment of angiogenesis by CD105 and nestin expression in peritumor tissue of glioblastoma. International journal of oncology 55 21109924
2003 Transcriptional activators control splicing and 3'-end cleavage levels. The Journal of biological chemistry 55 12939267
2018 Role of Endoglin (CD105) in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Anti-Angiogenic Therapy. International journal of molecular sciences 53 30563158
2001 CD105 (endoglin) expression on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Leukemia & lymphoma 53 11911400
2015 Expression of CD105 on expanded mesenchymal stem cells does not predict their chondrogenic potential. Osteoarthritis and cartilage 52 26687821
2004 CD105 inhibits transforming growth factor-beta-Smad3 signalling. Anticancer research 48 15274293
2000 The significance of CD105, TGFbeta and CD105/TGFbeta complexes in coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 48 10996361
2012 Pervasive initiation and 3'-end formation of poxvirus postreplicative RNAs. The Journal of biological chemistry 46 22829601
2006 Endoglin (CD105) expression in human renal cell carcinoma. BJU international 45 16536758
2003 Endoglin (CD105): a target for anti-angiogenetic cancer therapy. Current drug targets 45 12699349
2012 Expression of Ki67 and CD105 as proliferation and angiogenesis markers in salivary gland tumors. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 42 23244127
2009 Expression of endoglin (CD105) in cervical cancer. British journal of cancer 40 19352388
2005 Endoglin (CD105) expression in head and neck basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. Acta oto-laryngologica 39 15966703
2016 The reciprocal regulation between splicing and 3'-end processing. Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA 38 27019070
2006 Significant expression of endoglin (CD105), TGFbeta-1 and TGFbeta R-2 in the atherosclerotic aorta: an immunohistological study. Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis 38 16733295
2019 Nuclear eIF4E Stimulates 3'-End Cleavage of Target RNAs. Cell reports 37 31042468
2007 Particular distribution and expression pattern of endoglin (CD105) in the liver of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC cancer 37 17608955
2005 High frequency of ENG and ALK1/ACVRL1 mutations in German HHT patients. Human mutation 37 15880681
2020 Continuous endoglin (CD105) overexpression disrupts angiogenesis and facilitates tumor cell metastasis. Angiogenesis 36 31897911
2016 The-N-End Rule: The Beginning Determines the End. Protein and peptide letters 36 26743630
2014 CD105 promotes hepatocarcinoma cell invasion and metastasis through VEGF. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 36 25286761
2012 Positron emission tomography and optical imaging of tumor CD105 expression with a dual-labeled monoclonal antibody. Molecular pharmaceutics 34 22292418
2015 Endoglin involvement in integrin-mediated cell adhesion as a putative pathogenic mechanism in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 (HHT1). Frontiers in genetics 32 25709613
2021 Hot and Cold Tumors: Is Endoglin (CD105) a Potential Target for Vessel Normalization? Cancers 31 33800564
2003 Relationship between expression of CD105 and growth factors in malignant tumors of gastrointestinal tract and its significance. World journal of gastroenterology 31 14669355
2015 Bispecific single-chain diabody-immunoliposomes targeting endoglin (CD105) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) simultaneously. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society 30 25617725
2023 End-to-end interpretable disease-gene association prediction. Briefings in bioinformatics 28 36987781
2015 The notch signaling regulates CD105 expression, osteogenic differentiation and immunomodulation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. PloS one 28 25692676
2011 5'UTR mutations of ENG cause hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Orphanet journal of rare diseases 28 22192717
2006 DHPLC-based mutation analysis of ENG and ALK-1 genes in HHT Italian population. Human mutation 28 16429404
2018 TGF-β1/CD105 signaling controls vascular network formation within growth factor sequestering hyaluronic acid hydrogels. PloS one 27 29566045
2018 Antagonizing CD105 enhances radiation sensitivity in prostate cancer. Oncogene 26 29717261
2015 Endoglin (CD105) expression in sinonasal polyposis. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 26 25559463
2001 Transforming growth factor-betas and CD105 expression in calcification and bone formation in human atherosclerotic lesions. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie 26 11374028
2015 Polyuridylation in Eukaryotes: A 3'-End Modification Regulating RNA Life. BioMed research international 25 26078976
2015 Surprises in the 3'-end: 'U' can decide too! The FEBS journal 25 26183531
2013 Detection of 3'-end RNA uridylation with a protein nanopore. ACS nano 25 24369707
2017 Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein Modulates Endoglin (CD105) Signaling Pathway for Liver Pathogenesis. Journal of virology 24 28794048
2016 Mutational and clinical analysis of the ENG gene in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. BMC genetics 23 27260700
2008 Endoglin (CD105) and microvessel density in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie 23 18758636
2014 Characterization of highly osteoblast/cementoblast cell clones from a CD105-enriched periodontal ligament progenitor cell population. Journal of periodontology 22 24579765
2020 Endoglin (CD105) and VEGF as potential angiogenic and dissemination markers for colorectal cancer. World journal of surgical oncology 21 32434528
2019 Ki67, CD105 and α-smooth muscle actin expression in disease progression model of oral submucous fibrosis. Journal of investigative and clinical dentistry 21 31325233
2020 Different culture method changing CD105 expression in amniotic fluid MSCs without affecting differentiation ability or immune function. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 20 32119193
2018 5-HTT, BMPR2, EDN1, ENG, KCNA5 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to pulmonary arterial hypertension: A meta-analysis. Gene 20 30218748
2020 Renal carcinoma CD105-/CD44- cells display stem-like properties in vitro and form aggressive tumors in vivo. Scientific reports 19 32214151
2018 Expression of CD105 cancer stem cell marker in three subtypes of renal cell carcinoma. Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers 19 29286924
2018 Efficient targeted tumor imaging and secreted endostatin gene delivery by anti-CD105 immunoliposomes. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 19 29499713
2017 CD105 is regulated by hsa-miR-1287 and its expression is inversely correlated with osteopotential in SHED. Bone 18 29033380
2009 CD105/endoglin expression in Gorham disease of bone. Journal of clinical pathology 18 19181633
2008 5'-end maturation of tRNA in aquifex aeolicus. Biological chemistry 18 18208351
2023 Seq2science: an end-to-end workflow for functional genomics analysis. PeerJ 17 38025697
2022 Expression and clinical significance of CD31, CD34, and CD105 in pulmonary ground glass nodules with different vascular manifestations on CT. Frontiers in oncology 17 36185269
2022 Listeria-based immunotherapy directed against CD105 exerts anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor efficacy in renal cell carcinoma. Frontiers in immunology 17 36439126
2018 Ki67, CD105, and α-SMA expression supports the transformation relevant dysplastic features in the atrophic epithelium of oral submucous fibrosis. PloS one 17 30001387
2016 Correlations between endothelial cell markers CD31, CD34 and CD105 in colorectal carcinoma. Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie 17 28002519
2015 Genetic variation in the functional ENG allele inherited from the non-affected parent associates with presence of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 1 (HHT1) and may influence expression of PTPN14. Frontiers in genetics 16 25815003
2023 Holding it together: DNA end synapsis during non-homologous end joining. DNA repair 15 37572577
2017 Functional significance of CD105-positive cells in papillary renal cell carcinoma. BMC cancer 15 28056882
2010 Endoglin (CD105) expression and angiogenesis status in small cell lung cancer. Pathology, research and practice 15 20619547
2009 CD105 expression as a measure of microvessel density in supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 15 19340447
2005 In my end is my beginning: control of end resection and DSBR pathway 'choice' by cyclin-dependent kinases. Oncogene 15 15838521
2018 Noncanonical features and modifications on the 5'-end of bacterial sRNAs and mRNAs. Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA 14 30276982
2016 Guide Strand 3'-End Modifications Regulate siRNA Specificity. Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology 14 27731539
2011 Expression of CD34 and CD105 as markers for angiogenesis in oral vascular malformations and pyogenic granulomas. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 14 21221622
2024 Endoglin mutants retained in the endoplasmic reticulum exacerbate loss of function in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 (HHT1) by exerting dominant negative effects on the wild type allele. Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) 13 38272447
2023 Gigapixel end-to-end training using streaming and attention. Medical image analysis 13 37437452
2022 Antagonizing CD105 and androgen receptor to target stromal-epithelial interactions for clinical benefit. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 13 36045587
2022 Fully murine CD105-targeted CAR-T cells provide an immunocompetent model for CAR-T cell biology. Oncoimmunology 13 36275862
2020 Short paired-end reads trump long single-end reads for expression analysis. BMC bioinformatics 13 32306895
2018 Evaluation of Endoglin (CD105) expression in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma. BMC cancer 13 29304781

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