Affinage

DNAAF2

Protein kintoun · UniProt Q9NVR5

Length
837 aa
Mass
91.1 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
65 papers in source corpus 14 papers cited in narrative 14 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 5/5 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

DNAAF2 (KTU/PF13) is a cytoplasmic preassembly factor required to build axonemal dynein arm complexes before they are delivered into motile cilia and sperm flagella (PMID:19052621). It carries a PIH (protein interacting with HSP90) domain and, with DNAAF4/DYX1C1 and HSP90, forms an R2TP-like co-chaperone complex that stabilizes and assembles outer and inner dynein arms in the cytoplasm (PMID:23872636, PMID:28176794). Within this preassembly network DNAAF2 physically engages multiple partners — DNAAF4 (PMID:23872636, PMID:36583018), PIH1D3 (PMID:28041644), SPAG1 (PMID:29358401), CFAP300/C11orf70 (PMID:29727693), and WDR92 (PMID:30428028) — and operates in an 'early' module with HEATR2 and SPAG1 that localizes to dynein-containing perinuclear foci ahead of other preassembly proteins (PMID:29358401). DNAAF2 acts in a multistep, conserved pathway alongside DNAAF1 and DNAAF3, and functions in partially overlapping but distinct steps from other PIH proteins (MOT48/PIH1D1 and TWI1), each handling specific dynein subtypes (PMID:22387996, PMID:33141819). Loss of DNAAF2 causes absence of both outer and inner dynein arms, ciliary and flagellar immotility, primary ciliary dyskinesia with left-right patterning defects, and male infertility with shortened, dynein-deficient sperm flagella (PMID:19052621, PMID:29741156, PMID:31107948, PMID:33635866).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 14 steps
  1. 2008 High

    Established that dynein arms are assembled in the cytoplasm before ciliary delivery and identified DNAAF2 as the factor required for this preassembly, defining a new class of ciliary disease genes acting outside the cilium.

    Evidence Genetic analysis of medaka ktu and Chlamydomonas pf13 mutants plus human PCD patient cells and loss-of-function mutations

    PMID:19052621

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve the biochemical composition of the preassembly complex
    • Mechanism of dynein stabilization not defined
  2. 2010 High

    Showed DNAAF2 is a PIH-domain protein handling only a subset of dyneins, revealing that distinct PIH proteins partition dynein preassembly into separable substrate classes.

    Evidence Chlamydomonas ida10/mot48 mutant analysis with axonemal dynein subunit profiling and comparative genomics

    PMID:20603327

    Open questions at the time
    • Which specific dynein subunits DNAAF2 directly binds not identified
    • Biochemical basis of subset specificity unknown
  3. 2012 Medium

    Placed DNAAF2 within a conserved multistep cytoplasmic preassembly pathway alongside DNAAF1 and DNAAF3 via cytoplasmic dynein subunit abundance.

    Evidence Chlamydomonas PF22-null mutant analysis with quantification of cytoplasmic dynein subunit levels and epistatic comparison

    PMID:22387996

    Open questions at the time
    • Step order among DNAAF1/2/3 not strictly defined
    • Direct physical interactions among the factors not tested here
  4. 2013 Medium

    Demonstrated a direct DNAAF2–DNAAF4 cytoplasmic interaction and a chaperone-enriched interactome, framing DNAAF2 within a co-chaperone assembly machine.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of DYX1C1/DNAAF4 with DNAAF2 in respiratory epithelial cells with interactome analysis

    PMID:23872636

    Open questions at the time
    • Single Co-IP
    • Stoichiometry and assembled complex architecture not determined
  5. 2017 Medium

    Defined the DNAAF2–DNAAF4–HSP90 module as an R2TP-like HSP90 co-chaperone complex and distinguished it from a complementary PIH1D3 complex acting on inner-arm dyneins.

    Evidence Genomic deletion/point mutation analysis in X-linked PCD patients with complex composition inferred from prior interaction data and PIH1D3 functional studies

    PMID:28176794

    Open questions at the time
    • R2TP-like architecture inferred rather than reconstituted
    • Division of labor between the two co-chaperone complexes not mechanistically resolved
  6. 2016 Medium

    Extended the DNAAF2 preassembly complex by showing PIH1D3 co-precipitates with DNAAF2 and DNAAF4 and is required for both outer and inner arm assembly.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of PIH1D3 with DNAAF2/DNAAF4 plus immunofluorescence and ultrastructure in patient cells

    PMID:28041644

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PIH1D3 and DNAAF2 occupy the same or separate complexes not resolved
    • Direct vs indirect binding not distinguished
  7. 2018 High

    Identified DNAAF2 as a member of an 'early', MCIDAS-independent preassembly module with HEATR2 and SPAG1, localizing to perinuclear dynein-containing foci, defining temporal and spatial organization of preassembly.

    Evidence Ciliogenesis monitoring in airway epithelial cells and iPSCs, IP, FRET, and HEAT-domain deletion

    PMID:29358401

    Open questions at the time
    • Function of the perinuclear foci not mechanistically defined
    • Order of assembly events within the early module unresolved
  8. 2018 Medium

    Added CFAP300/C11orf70 as a cytoplasmic DNAAF2 interactor required for assembly of both dynein arm types, broadening the interaction network.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of C11orf70 with DNAAF2 plus immunofluorescence and TEM of patient cilia

    PMID:29727693

    Open questions at the time
    • Single Co-IP
    • Position of CFAP300 in the assembly sequence not established
  9. 2018 High

    Used cryo-electron tomography to directly link DNAAF2 loss to absence of specific dynein subtypes and tissue-specific motility phenotypes, connecting molecular substrate specificity to organ-level outcomes.

    Evidence Zebrafish ktu mutant with cryo-ET of axonemal dynein and sperm motility analysis

    PMID:29741156

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct DNAAF2 binding to the affected dynein subtypes not shown
    • How subtype specificity is encoded remains open
  10. 2019 Medium

    Showed the DNAAF2 ortholog does not form a canonical R2TP-like complex but interacts with WDR92, indicating a distinct preassembly mechanism for DNAAF2 versus MOT48.

    Evidence WDR92 immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry and Co-IP in Chlamydomonas

    PMID:30428028

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional role of WDR92–PF13 interaction not defined
    • Reconciliation with the human R2TP-like model unresolved
  11. 2019 Medium

    Demonstrated that DNAAF2 is essential in vivo in mammals, with null embryos failing organogenesis and showing left-right defects, validating it as a disease-relevant ciliary factor.

    Evidence Characterization of a null Dnaaf2 mouse allele with embryonic phenotyping

    PMID:31107948

    Open questions at the time
    • Tissue-specific molecular consequences not dissected
    • Single lab
  12. 2020 High

    Genetic double-mutant epistasis defined DNAAF2, MOT48, and TWI1 as having both shared and unique steps, refining the substrate division among PIH preassembly factors.

    Evidence Chlamydomonas double-mutant analysis with dynein subunit profiling and motility readouts

    PMID:33141819

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of the overlapping vs unique functions not identified
    • Direct substrate handoff not visualized
  13. 2021 Medium

    Showed DNAAF2 governs dynein preassembly in human sperm, with mutant flagella losing outer dynein arms and shortening, while respiratory cilia can retain proximal ODAs, revealing tissue-differential consequences.

    Evidence High-speed video microscopy, TEM, and immunofluorescence of sperm vs respiratory cilia from DNAAF2-mutant patients

    PMID:33635866

    Open questions at the time
    • Basis for tissue-differential ODA retention not explained
    • Single study
  14. 2022 Low

    Found a PCD-causing DNAAF4 variant destabilizes DNAAF4 protein without disrupting the DNAAF2–DNAAF4 interaction, pinpointing protein stability rather than complex assembly as a disease mechanism.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation in transfected cells, Western blot stability assay, and whole-exome sequencing

    PMID:36583018

    Open questions at the time
    • Single Co-IP in transfected cells, not endogenous
    • Downstream consequence for dynein assembly not tested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How DNAAF2 directly recognizes and chaperones specific dynein heavy/intermediate chains, and how it coordinates with HSP90, WDR92, and the other DNAAFs at the structural level, remains undefined.
  • No reconstituted DNAAF2–dynein complex or structure
  • Mechanism of substrate selectivity unresolved
  • Reconciliation of R2TP-like vs WDR92-linked models open

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0044183 protein folding chaperone 2 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 2
Localization
GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0005634 nucleus 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1852241 Organelle biogenesis and maintenance 2 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 2
Partners
CFAP300DNAAF4HEATR2HSP90PIH1D3SPAG1WDR92
Complex memberships
R2TP-like HSP90 co-chaperone complex (DNAAF2-DNAAF4-HSP90)cytoplasmic dynein arm preassembly complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 14 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2008 Ktu/PF13 (DNAAF2) is required for cytoplasmic pre-assembly of both outer and inner dynein arm complexes before intraflagellar transport loads them into the ciliary compartment; in the absence of Ktu/PF13, both outer and inner dynein arms are missing or defective in the axoneme, leading to loss of motility. Genetic analysis of medaka ktu mutant and Chlamydomonas pf13 mutant; biochemical and immunohistochemical studies in human PCD patient cells; identification of human loss-of-function mutations Nature High 19052621
2010 PF13/KTU (DNAAF2) contains a PIH (protein interacting with HSP90) domain and is involved in preassembly of outer arm dynein and a specific subset of inner arm dyneins, but not all inner arm dyneins; a distinct PIH family member (MOT48) handles preassembly of a different subset of inner arm dyneins, demonstrating that multiple PIH proteins function in preassembly of different dynein subsets. Chlamydomonas mutant analysis (ida10/mot48); comparative genomic analysis; axonemal dynein subunit profiling The Journal of cell biology High 20603327
2012 DNAAF2 (KTU/PF13) acts at a similar preassembly stage as DNAAF3 (PF22) and DNAAF1 (ODA7/LRRC50); altered abundance of dynein subunits in DNAAF3-null Chlamydomonas cytoplasm places these factors in a conserved, multistep cytoplasmic dynein preassembly pathway. Chlamydomonas PF22-null mutant analysis; quantification of dynein subunit levels in cytoplasm; epistatic comparison with PF13 and ODA7 mutants Nature genetics Medium 22387996
2013 DYX1C1 (DNAAF4) physically interacts with DNAAF2 (KTU) in the cytoplasm, placing them together in the cytoplasmic ODA and IDA preassembly pathway; DYX1C1's interactome is enriched for molecular chaperones. Co-immunoprecipitation of DYX1C1 with DNAAF2 in respiratory epithelial cells; interactome analysis enriched for chaperones Nature genetics Medium 23872636
2016 PIH1D3 physically interacts and co-precipitates with cytoplasmic ODA/IDA assembly factors DNAAF2 and DNAAF4, and is required for preassembly of both outer and inner dynein arms, extending the DNAAF2-containing preassembly complex. Co-immunoprecipitation of PIH1D3 with DNAAF2 and DNAAF4; immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis in PIH1D3 loss-of-function patients American journal of human genetics Medium 28041644
2017 DNAAF2 is part of a cytoplasmic HSP90 co-chaperone complex analogous to the R2TP complex (DNAAF2-DNAAF4-HSP90) that stabilizes and pre-assembles axonemal dynein arms before their import into cilia; PIH1D3 is part of a complementary R2TP-like HSP90 co-chaperone complex that affects assembly of a subset of inner arm dyneins. Genomic deletion and point mutation analysis in X-linked PCD patients; complex composition inferred from known DNAAF2-DNAAF4-HSP90 interaction data and PIH1D3 functional studies Nature communications Medium 28176794
2018 During motile ciliogenesis, DNAAF2 belongs to an 'early' phase of preassembly protein expression (together with HEATR2 and SPAG1) that precedes other preassembly proteins and is independent of MCIDAS regulation; DNAAF2 co-localizes with HEATR2 and SPAG1 in perinuclear foci containing dynein arm proteins, and DNAAF2 interacts with SPAG1 as shown by immunoprecipitation and FRET. Monitoring of ciliogenesis in primary airway epithelial cells and MCIDAS-regulated iPSCs; immunoprecipitation; Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET); HEAT domain deletion analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 29358401
2018 C11orf70 (CFAP300) interacts with DNAAF2 in the cytoplasm and is involved in cytoplasmic assembly of both outer and inner dynein arms, extending the network of DNAAF2-interacting preassembly factors. Co-immunoprecipitation of C11orf70 with DNAAF2; immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy of C11orf70 loss-of-function cilia American journal of human genetics Medium 29727693
2018 Systematic zebrafish mutant analysis of all four PIH proteins (including ktu/DNAAF2) by cryo-electron tomography shows that KTU is required for assembly of specific axonemal dynein subtypes in spermatozoa; loss of ktu causes loss of particular dynein subtypes that correlates with abnormal sperm motility, and different organs show distinct dynein subtype compositions explaining differential ciliary motility phenotypes. Zebrafish ktu mutant; cryo-electron tomography of axonemal dynein structure in mutant spermatozoa; sperm motility analysis eLife High 29741156
2019 In Chlamydomonas, PF13 (DNAAF2 ortholog) does not form an R2TP-like complex with RuvBL1/2 and RPAP3 (unlike MOT48), but WDR92 physically interacts with PF13 and other DNAAFs, suggesting PF13 participates in dynein preassembly through a distinct, WDR92-linked mechanism. Immunoprecipitation of WDR92 followed by mass spectrometry; co-immunoprecipitation assays in Chlamydomonas Journal of molecular cell biology Medium 30428028
2019 Homozygous null Dnaaf2 mouse embryos fail to progress beyond organogenesis with left-right patterning defects and other abnormalities, demonstrating that DNAAF2 is an essential in vivo component of cilia function; this recapitulates human PCD. Characterization of novel null Dnaaf2 allele (from IMPC) on defined C57BL/6NJ background; embryonic phenotyping Human molecular genetics Medium 31107948
2020 In Chlamydomonas, PF13 (DNAAF2 ortholog), MOT48, and TWI1 define partially overlapping but distinct steps in the ciliary dynein preassembly pathway; double mutants (twi1;pf13 and mot48;twi1) show greater dynein assembly and motility defects than single mutants, demonstrating that these PIH proteins have both common and unique functions in preassembly of different ciliary dyneins. Chlamydomonas double mutant analysis (twi1-1; pf13 and mot48-2; twi1-1); axonemal dynein subunit profiling; motility analysis PLoS genetics High 33141819
2021 DNAAF2 (KTU) loss-of-function in human males causes complete loss of outer dynein arms (ODAs) in sperm flagella, while some respiratory cilia from the same individual can retain ODAs in the proximal compartment; the cytoplasmic dynein preassembly process governed by DNAAF2 is also critical in sperm, and mutant sperm show significantly reduced flagellar length. High-speed video microscopy and transmission electron microscopy of sperm from DNAAF2-mutant PCD patients; immunofluorescence comparison of dynein arm composition in sperm vs respiratory cilia PLoS genetics Medium 33635866
2022 The DNAAF4 (DYX1C1) pathogenic variant G373E reduces DNAAF4 protein stability but does not affect its expression or its interaction with DNAAF2, as shown by Co-immunoprecipitation, confirming that the DNAAF4-DNAAF2 physical interaction is maintained even in the presence of this PCD-causing mutation. Co-immunoprecipitation of DNAAF4 with DNAAF2 after plasmid transfection; Western blot for protein stability; whole-exome sequencing Frontiers in genetics Low 36583018

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 65 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2008 Ktu/PF13 is required for cytoplasmic pre-assembly of axonemal dyneins. Nature 293 19052621
2013 DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility. Nature genetics 222 23872636
2012 Mutations in axonemal dynein assembly factor DNAAF3 cause primary ciliary dyskinesia. Nature genetics 212 22387996
1993 Cloning of flagellar genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by DNA insertional mutagenesis. Genetics 191 8244002
2013 Molecular evidence for the localization of Plasmodium falciparum immature gametocytes in bone marrow. Blood 134 24335496
2017 X-linked primary ciliary dyskinesia due to mutations in the cytoplasmic axonemal dynein assembly factor PIH1D3. Nature communications 120 28176794
2016 Mutations in PIH1D3 Cause X-Linked Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia with Outer and Inner Dynein Arm Defects. American journal of human genetics 112 28041644
2007 Features of apoptosis in Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic stage through a putative role of PfMCA1 metacaspase-like protein. The Journal of infectious diseases 91 17492602
2014 Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum K13 propeller gene from Bangladesh (2009-2013). Malaria journal 79 25404021
2021 Defects in the cytoplasmic assembly of axonemal dynein arms cause morphological abnormalities and dysmotility in sperm cells leading to male infertility. PLoS genetics 67 33635866
2018 Establishment of the early cilia preassembly protein complex during motile ciliogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 67 29358401
2010 Discrete PIH proteins function in the cytoplasmic preassembly of different subsets of axonemal dyneins. The Journal of cell biology 61 20603327
2018 Systematic studies of all PIH proteins in zebrafish reveal their distinct roles in axonemal dynein assembly. eLife 54 29741156
2018 Mutations in C11orf70 Cause Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia with Randomization of Left/Right Body Asymmetry Due to Defects of Outer and Inner Dynein Arms. American journal of human genetics 53 29727693
2011 Ciliary motility: the components and cytoplasmic preassembly mechanisms of the axonemal dyneins. Differentiation; research in biological diversity 51 22154137
2012 Hydrophobin genes of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum, are differentially expressed and corresponding mutants are decreased in virulence. Current genetics 49 22388867
2020 Deletion of genomic islands in the Pseudomonas putida KT2440 genome can create an optimal chassis for synthetic biology applications. Microbial cell factories 38 32188438
1987 The use of operon fusions in studies of the heat-shock response: effects of altered sigma 32 on heat-shock promoter function in Escherichia coli. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 38 3299002
2021 Genome-wide association studies of preweaning growth and in vivo carcass composition traits in Esme sheep. Journal of animal breeding and genetics = Zeitschrift fur Tierzuchtung und Zuchtungsbiologie 36 34331347
2009 The motile cilium in development and disease: emerging new insights. BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 36 19492356
2011 Allelic diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 entails variant-specific red cell surface epitopes. PloS one 35 21298021
2021 A promoter engineering-based strategy enhances polyhydroxyalkanoate production in Pseudomonas putida KT2440. International journal of biological macromolecules 34 34582907
2017 Combinatorial metabolic engineering of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for efficient mineralization of 1,2,3-trichloropropane. Scientific reports 31 28765600
2010 Association of microsatellite variations of Plasmodium falciparum Na+/H+ exchanger (Pfnhe-1) gene with reduced in vitro susceptibility to quinine: lack of confirmation in clinical isolates from Africa. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 31 20439955
2019 Chlamydomonas WDR92 in association with R2TP-like complex and multiple DNAAFs to regulate ciliary dynein preassembly. Journal of molecular cell biology 27 30428028
2014 Comparative analysis of IgG responses to Plasmodium falciparum MSP1p19 and PF13-DBL1α1 using ELISA and a magnetic bead-based duplex assay (MAGPIX®-Luminex) in a Senegalese meso-endemic community. Malaria journal 27 25326042
2007 Characterization of a UBC13 kinase in Plasmodium falciparum. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 25 17452636
2012 Expression of a type B RIFIN in Plasmodium falciparum merozoites and gametes. Malaria journal 24 23259643
2010 Identification of a major rif transcript common to gametocytes and sporozoites of Plasmodium falciparum. Malaria journal 24 20509952
2010 SAM domain-dependent activity of PfTKL3, an essential tyrosine kinase-like kinase of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 24 20582613
2012 In vitro-reduced susceptibility to artemether in P. falciparum and its association with polymorphisms on transporter genes. The Journal of infectious diseases 23 22615315
2009 The diamidine DB75 targets the nucleus of Plasmodium falciparum. Malaria journal 22 19442305
1992 Multicenter study of change in dialysis therapy-maintenance hemodialysis to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 22 1553969
2011 Polymorphism of Plasmodium falciparum Na(+)/H(+) exchanger is indicative of a low in vitro quinine susceptibility in isolates from Viet Nam. Malaria journal 20 21669011
2022 Enhanced production of polyhydroxyalkanoates in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 by a combination of genome streamlining and promoter engineering. International journal of biological macromolecules 19 35395277
2021 Screening and characterization of hypothetical proteins of Plasmodium falciparum as novel vaccine candidates in the fight against malaria using reverse vaccinology. Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology 19 34269931
2017 Detection of Plasmodium falciparum male and female gametocytes and determination of parasite sex ratio in human endemic populations by novel, cheap and robust RTqPCR assays. Malaria journal 19 29149898
2016 Bioaffinity Mass Spectrometry Screening. Journal of biomolecular screening 19 26773071
2020 Mutations in PIH proteins MOT48, TWI1 and PF13 define common and unique steps for preassembly of each, different ciliary dynein. PLoS genetics 16 33141819
1995 Cytochrome P450 genes expressed in porcine ovaries: identification of novel forms, evidence for gene conversion, and evolutionary relationships. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 14 7542875
2021 Development of a novel promoter engineering-based strategy for creating an efficient para-nitrophenol-mineralizing bacterium. Journal of hazardous materials 13 34753648
2010 Plasmodium falciparum: nitric oxide modulates heme speciation in isolated food vacuoles. Experimental parasitology 13 20493843
2019 Assessment of predatory bacteria and prey interactions using culture-based methods and EMA-qPCR. Microbiological research 12 31422234
2023 Metabolic engineering of genome-streamlined strain Pseudomonas putida KTU-U27 for medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate production from xylose and cellobiose. International journal of biological macromolecules 10 37678685
2020 Novel compound heterozygous DNAAF2 mutations cause primary ciliary dyskinesia in a Han Chinese family. Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 10 32638265
2019 A null allele of Dnaaf2 displays embryonic lethality and mimics human ciliary dyskinesia. Human molecular genetics 10 31107948
2024 Unveiling potential repurposed drug candidates for Plasmodium falciparum through in silico evaluation: A synergy of structure-based approaches, structure prediction, and molecular dynamics simulations. Computational biology and chemistry 9 38471353
2022 Novel Gene Variants Associated with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Indian journal of pediatrics 8 35239159
2024 Genetics of 67 patients of suspected primary ciliary dyskinesia from India. Clinical genetics 7 39004944
2023 Creating an efficient 1,2-dichloroethane-mineralizing bacterium by a combination of pathway engineering and promoter engineering. The Science of the total environment 7 37001652
2022 Interaction of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus with Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria in Dual Species and Polymicrobial Communities. Microorganisms 7 35456843
2012 Co-expression network with protein-protein interaction and transcription regulation in malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Gene 7 23274650
2012 Plasmodium falciparum Na+/H+ exchanger (pfnhe-1) genetic polymorphism in Indian Ocean malaria-endemic areas. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 6 23208889
2022 Homozygous mutation in DNAAF4 causes primary ciliary dyskinesia in a Chinese family. Frontiers in genetics 3 36583018
2021 A transcriptome-wide association study to detect novel genes for volumetric bone mineral density. Bone 3 34252604
2016 A cross strain Plasmodium falciparum microarray optimized for the transcriptome analysis of Plasmodium falciparum patient derived isolates. Genomics data 3 27489776
2025 Creating a multifunctional degrader for co-mineralization of p-nitrophenol and 1,2-dichloroethane and its application in wastewater bioremediation. Journal of hazardous materials 2 39884036
2025 Systems Metabolic Engineering of Genome-Reduced Pseudomonas putida for Efficient Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoate from p-Coumaric Acid. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2 40372413
2018 Quantification of receptor activation by oxytocin and vasopressin in endocytosis-coupled bioluminescence reduction assay using nanoKAZ. Analytical biochemistry 2 29627593
1992 Identification of invasive Yersinia species using oligonucleotide probes. Molecular and cellular probes 2 1528199
2025 Smoothened Inhibitor, PF-04449913 Inhibits the Development of Myelofibrosis in a JAK2V617F Transgenic Mouse Model by Reducing TGF-β and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Research square 1 40386398
2024 Evaluation of the antiviral activity of new dermaseptin analogs against Zika virus. Biochemistry and biophysics reports 1 38939125
2025 Clinical features and genetic spectrum of children with primary ciliary dyskinesia in central China: a referral center retrospective analysis. Frontiers in pharmacology 0 40584616
2025 Prevalence and Nationality Distribution of Known and Novel Genetic Variants in Children With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in the State of Qatar. Clinical genetics 0 41267578
2018 Reading disability due to an ocular motor disorder: A case of an adolescent girl with a previous diagnosis of dyslexia. Brain & development 0 30266219

Missed literature

Know a paper Affinage missed for DNAAF2? Flag it for the maintainers and the community.

No submissions yet.