| 2003 |
Human DACT2 (DAPPER2) was identified as containing seven conserved DAPH domains including a leucine zipper (DAPH2), serine-rich region (DAPH3), and C-terminal PDZ-binding motif (DAPH7), establishing it as a DVL-binding protein homolog involved in WNT signaling. |
Bioinformatics/in silico characterization with evolutionary analysis |
International journal of oncology |
Low |
12632086
|
| 2006 |
Mouse Dact2 (mDpr2) overexpression inhibited TGF-β-induced Smad-responsive reporter activity and targeted TGF-β type I receptor ALK5 for lysosomal degradation in mammalian cells, demonstrating evolutionarily conserved negative regulation of TGF-β/Nodal signaling. |
Overexpression in mammalian cells with Smad-reporter assays, receptor degradation assays, and zebrafish embryo overexpression |
FASEB journal |
Medium |
17197390
|
| 2010 |
Dact2 is specifically expressed in ureteric bud/collecting duct epithelium of the developing mouse kidney; siRNA knockdown in collecting duct cells resulted in constitutive phospho-Smad2, elevated TGF-β-induced phospho-Smad2, defective actomyosin cable assembly at the leading edge during wound healing, and abnormal cyst/tubule morphology in 3D culture, placing Dact2 as a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling controlling collecting duct morphogenesis. |
siRNA knockdown, phospho-Smad2 immunoblotting, monolayer wound-healing assay, 3D culture morphology, immunofluorescence |
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology |
Medium |
20685821
|
| 2013 |
DACT2 suppresses canonical Wnt signaling in lung cancer cells by inhibiting TCF/LEF transcriptional activity; its expression is silenced by promoter CpG hypermethylation, and restoration of DACT2 reduces β-catenin expression and inhibits tumor proliferation in vitro and in xenograft models. |
Methylation-specific PCR, western blotting, siRNA knockdown, TCF/LEF reporter assay, xenograft mouse model |
The Journal of pathology |
Medium |
22806826
|
| 2013 |
Dact2 inhibits the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in odontogenesis by physically interacting with the transcription factor PITX2, repressing PITX2-driven activation of downstream targets (Dlx2 and amelogenin promoters) and attenuating PITX2-mediated Topflash Wnt reporter activity; Pitx2 in turn endogenously activates Dact2 expression forming a feedback loop. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, transient transfection, Topflash reporter assay, loss-of-function/gain-of-function studies, immunohistochemistry |
PloS one |
Medium |
23349981
|
| 2013 |
DACT2 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting Wnt signaling: re-expression suppressed TCF-4 transcriptional activity and Wnt downstream gene expression, induced G2-M arrest, and inhibited xenograft tumor growth; depletion of DACT2 reactivated TCF-4 activity. |
TCF-4 reporter assay, flow cytometry, siRNA knockdown, xenograft nude mice, western blotting |
Epigenetics |
Medium |
23449122
|
| 2014 |
DACT2 restoration in papillary thyroid cancer cells (TPC-1) decreased β-catenin, c-Myc, cyclinD1, and MMP-9 and increased phospho-β-catenin, inhibited TCF/LEF activity in wild-type or mutant β-catenin contexts, and suppressed proliferation, invasion, and migration; co-transfection of DACT2 with Dvl2 increased TCF/LEF activity, indicating Dact2 modulates β-catenin phosphorylation and acts upstream of the TCF/LEF complex. |
TCF/LEF reporter assay, western blotting, siRNA knockdown, co-transfection, migration/invasion assays |
PloS one |
Medium |
25375359
|
| 2014 |
DACT2 inhibits both canonical and noncanonical WNT signaling in gastric cancer cells (SGC7901) and suppresses gastric cancer xenograft growth; restoration of DACT2 expression also inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. |
siRNA, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, xenograft mouse model, WNT reporter assays |
American journal of cancer research |
Medium |
25520862
|
| 2016 |
DACT2 inhibits esophageal cancer growth by suppressing Wnt signaling; its expression is silenced by promoter hypermethylation, and restoration suppressed colony formation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumor growth. |
MSP, 5-aza treatment, colony formation, migration/invasion assays, xenograft model |
Oncotarget |
Medium |
26919254
|
| 2016 |
DACT2 ectopic expression in breast cancer cells induced apoptosis, inhibited proliferation and migration, suppressed EMT, and acted through antagonizing both Wnt/β-catenin and Akt/GSK-3 signaling pathways. |
Ectopic expression, apoptosis assays, migration assays, western blotting for pathway components, EMT marker analysis |
Oncotarget |
Medium |
27708215
|
| 2017 |
DACT2 overexpression in glioma cells suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis by increasing phospho-YAP and phospho-β-catenin, preventing YAP nuclear translocation and sequestering it in the cytoplasm for degradation, placing DACT2 upstream of the YAP pathway via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. |
Overexpression and knockdown, flow cytometry, western blotting, nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation, xenograft model |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
28796248
|
| 2018 |
DACT2 ectopic expression in NPC cells induced G2/M arrest by directly suppressing β-catenin/Cdc25c signaling, which sensitized cells to paclitaxel and 5-FU but not cisplatin; DACT2 also suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion through downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases. |
Flow cytometric analysis, immunofluorescence, western blotting, dual-luciferase reporter assay, colony formation, chemosensitivity assay |
Clinical epigenetics |
Medium |
30359298
|
| 2018 |
TET1, a 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase, promotes demethylation of the DACT2 promoter in NPC cells, restoring DACT2 expression and thereby antagonizing Wnt/β-catenin signaling as part of TET1's tumor suppressor mechanism. |
Ectopic TET1 expression, MSP, RT-PCR, western blotting for nuclear β-catenin and downstream targets |
Clinical epigenetics |
Medium |
30075814
|
| 2019 |
The DACT2 promoter SNP rs9364433 modulates DACT2 expression through allele-specific binding of transcription factor TFAP2A; the G allele reduces TFAP2A binding and decreases DACT2 expression in NSCLC cells, establishing TFAP2A as a transcriptional activator of DACT2. |
Luciferase reporter gene assay, EMSA (Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay), genotyping, in vitro and in vivo DACT2 expression analysis |
Biochemical pharmacology |
Medium |
31866302
|
| 2020 |
DACT2 knockout in zebrafish (10-bp deletion via CRISPR-Cas9) enhanced expression of MMP2, MMP9, Snail, VEGF, and ZEB (EMT-related genes), caused gastrointestinal epithelial hyperplasia, pancreatic/hepatic fibrosis, and accelerated wound healing via EMT, establishing Dact2 as a negative regulator of EMT-related gene expression in vivo. |
CRISPR-Cas9 knockout zebrafish, RT-PCR, histology, wound healing assay |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
31983425
|
| 2020 |
DACT2 overexpression in HL-1 cardiac cells facilitated β-catenin accumulation by reducing its phosphorylation at Thr41/Ser45, and inhibited TGF-β signaling in primary atrial fibroblasts, reducing collagen I and III expression and regulating ion channel gene expression (increased KCNE5, decreased KCNH2 and SCN5A). |
Western blotting, RT-PCR, overexpression in HL-1 cells and primary atrial fibroblasts |
Journal of thoracic disease |
Low |
32642106
|
| 2021 |
miR-181a targets MLL3, a histone methyltransferase, downregulating it in PTC cells; this leads to decreased DACT2 expression and upregulation of YAP and VEGF, promoting angiogenesis, placing DACT2 downstream of MLL3 in an exosomal miR-181a/MLL3/DACT2/YAP-VEGF axis. |
miRNA mimic/inhibitor transfection, siRNA knockdown of MLL3, exosome extraction and treatment, in vitro tube formation and proliferation assays, in vivo tumor growth |
Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids |
Medium |
33898109
|
| 2022 |
DACT2 overexpression in lung myofibroblasts inhibited TGF-β-induced myofibroblast differentiation by promoting lysosome-mediated degradation of LDHA, thereby suppressing glycolysis (reduced glucose uptake, extracellular acidification rate, lactate, and ATP); AAV6-mediated DACT2 overexpression attenuated experimental pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. |
AAV6 overexpression in vivo, TGF-β-induced differentiation assays, LDHA degradation rate monitoring, lysosome colocalization, metabolic flux assays (ECAR, OCR, ATP, lactate) |
International journal of biological macromolecules |
Medium |
36481337
|
| 2022 |
DACT2 inhibits liver fibrosis by suppressing TGF-β/Smad signaling and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in HSC-T6 cells; lentiviral overexpression of DACT2 reduced α-SMA, TGF-β1, Smad3, β-catenin, and CyclinD1 protein levels, and decreased MMP-2 and TIMP-1 expression, while also attenuating CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in vivo. |
Lentiviral overexpression, western blotting (α-SMA, TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad7, β-catenin, CyclinD1), RT-PCR (MMP-2, TIMP-1), CCl4 liver fibrosis mouse model, histology |
Cellular and molecular biology |
Low |
35818217
|
| 2023 |
Dact2 knockout mice show elevated Igf1 expression (a Wnt target gene) with β-catenin directly binding and regulating Igf1 transcription; cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was alleviated in Dact2 KO mice through reduced apoptosis and downregulation of proapoptotic MAPK signaling, establishing a Dact2/Wnt/β-catenin/Igf1-MAPK axis in kidney injury response. |
Dact2 KO mouse model, RNA sequencing, western blotting, ChIP/β-catenin binding to Igf1 locus, Igf1 knockdown, Wnt agonist CHIR-99021 treatment |
Cell biology and toxicology |
Medium |
37603122
|