Affinage

CRTAP

Cartilage-associated protein · UniProt O75718

Length
401 aa
Mass
46.6 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 13 papers cited in narrative 13 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

CRTAP functions as an obligate structural scaffold within the endoplasmic reticulum-resident P3H1/CRTAP/PPIB ternary complex, which catalyzes prolyl 3-hydroxylation at Pro986 of fibrillar collagen α chains (types I, II, and V) coupled with peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerization to facilitate proper collagen folding and secretion (PMID:18566967, PMID:39245686). Cryo-EM structures demonstrate that CRTAP positions the P3H1 and PPIB active sites in a face-to-face bifunctional reaction center with multiple collagen-binding sites forming a substrate-interacting zone (PMID:39245686). CRTAP and P3H1 are mutually stabilized through proteasome-dependent mechanisms, such that loss of either protein leads to degradation of the other and abolition of collagen 3-hydroxylation, resulting in collagen overmodification, ER retention, severely reduced extracellular matrix deposition, and abnormal collagen fibril architecture (PMID:19846465, PMID:32173581, PMID:21955071). Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CRTAP cause osteogenesis imperfecta type VII, characterized by defective bone formation, hypermineralization, and connective tissue fragility including tendon dysfunction (PMID:18566967, PMID:19895918, PMID:34036937).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 8 steps
  1. 1997 Medium

    Identifying that CRTAP is a cartilage-expressed extracellular matrix protein in the developing skeleton established the gene's tissue context before any enzymatic function was known.

    Evidence Immunohistochemistry and Northern blot in chick embryo chondrocytes

    PMID:9217321

    Open questions at the time
    • No enzymatic activity or binding partners identified
    • Only avian system examined
    • No functional perturbation performed
  2. 2008 High

    Demonstrating that the CRTAP/P3H1 complex performs prolyl 3-hydroxylation of Pro986 on type I and II collagen α1 chains and recruits cyclophilin B established the core enzymatic function of the complex and linked it to osteogenesis imperfecta.

    Evidence Collagen hydroxylation assays and biochemical analysis in fibroblasts from patients with CRTAP/LEPRE1 mutations

    PMID:18566967

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of complex assembly unknown
    • Relative contributions of 3-hydroxylation vs. chaperone activity unclear
  3. 2009 High

    Showing that CRTAP and P3H1 are mutually stabilized and that loss of either leads to proteasomal degradation of the other, with rescue by stable transfection, revealed the obligate nature of complex formation for protein stability and function.

    Evidence Western blot, immunofluorescence, proteasomal inhibitor treatment, and stable cDNA rescue in patient fibroblasts

    PMID:19846465

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific interaction domains mediating mutual stabilization not mapped
    • Role of PPIB in complex stability not addressed
  4. 2009 High

    Mass spectrometry of Crtap-null mouse tissues demonstrated substrate specificity of the complex for clade A fibrillar collagens (types I, II, V) but not type IV collagen, defining the in vivo substrate repertoire and showing that CRTAP deficiency leads to abnormal bone mineralization.

    Evidence Mass spectrometry of collagen from Crtap−/− mouse tissues; quantitative backscattered electron imaging of bone mineral density in KO mice and patient biopsies

    PMID:19895918 PMID:20485499

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking loss of 3-hydroxylation to hypermineralization unknown
    • Whether other P3H family members compensate for specific substrates not tested
  5. 2011 Medium

    Pulse-chase and electron microscopy experiments in CRTAP-deficient fibroblasts revealed that the primary matrix defect is severely impaired collagen deposition (not increased turnover), with disorganized fibrils of increased diameter, establishing the downstream cellular consequence.

    Evidence Quantitative pulse-chase, immunofluorescence of long-term cultures, electron microscopy of dermal collagen fibrils in patient fibroblasts

    PMID:21955071

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether secretion rate or post-secretory assembly is the rate-limiting step not resolved
    • Single lab study
  6. 2020 High

    Zebrafish crtap and p3h1 knockouts, which naturally lack the 3-hydroxylation target site, still showed collagen overmodification, ER retention, and fibril disorganization, demonstrating that the complex functions as a collagen chaperone independently of its hydroxylase activity.

    Evidence CRISPR/Cas9 knockout in zebrafish with electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, micro-CT, and collagen biochemistry

    PMID:32173581

    Open questions at the time
    • Chaperone mechanism (binding kinetics, substrate recognition) not characterized
    • Whether chaperone and hydroxylase functions are separable in mammalian systems not tested
  7. 2021 High

    Comprehensive analysis of Crtap-null mouse tendons revealed that CRTAP-dependent collagen modification is required for tendon biomechanical integrity and identified downstream dysregulation of TGF-β and inflammatory signaling, expanding the functional scope beyond bone.

    Evidence Biomechanical testing, collagen cross-link analysis, RNA-seq, electron microscopy, and behavioral tests in Crtap−/− mice

    PMID:34036937

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether TGF-β pathway dysregulation is a direct consequence of altered collagen or secondary
    • Motor impairment contribution from tendon vs. bone vs. other tissues not dissected
  8. 2024 High

    Cryo-EM structures of the P3H1/CRTAP/PPIB ternary complex resolved the molecular architecture, showing CRTAP as a structural scaffold that orients P3H1 and PPIB active sites into a coupled bifunctional reaction center with a defined collagen substrate-binding zone.

    Evidence Cryo-EM structure determination with mutagenesis, inhibitor perturbation, and biochemical assays

    PMID:39245686

    Open questions at the time
    • No structure of the complex bound to a collagen substrate peptide
    • Dual-ternary complex functional significance in vivo not established
    • Mechanism by which CRTAP scaffold allosterically influences catalysis not defined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How the chaperone and hydroxylase activities of the complex are mechanistically coupled during collagen folding in the ER, and why loss of 3-hydroxylation at a single proline residue produces such severe skeletal and connective tissue phenotypes, remain unresolved.
  • No structure of complex engaged with collagen substrate
  • Relative contribution of chaperone vs. hydroxylase activity to disease pathogenesis not separated in mammalian models
  • No therapeutic rescue strategy validated in vivo

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0044183 protein folding chaperone 2 GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 1
Localization
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 4 GO:0031012 extracellular matrix 2
Pathway
R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-1474244 Extracellular matrix organization 2
Partners
P3H1PPIB
Complex memberships
P3H1/CRTAP/PPIB (collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylation complex)

Evidence

Reading pass · 13 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2008 CRTAP and P3H1 (encoded by LEPRE1) form a complex that performs prolyl 3-hydroxylation of Pro986 in the triple-helical domain of type I collagen α1(I) and type II collagen α1(II) chains, and brings cyclophilin-B (CYPB) to unfolded collagen. Biochemical analysis of patient fibroblasts with CRTAP/LEPRE1 mutations, collagen hydroxylation assays Human mutation High 18566967
2009 CRTAP and P3H1 are mutually stabilized in the ER collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylation complex: null mutations in either gene lead to loss of both proteins at the protein level (but not mRNA level), proteasomal degradation accounts for part of P3H1 loss in CRTAP-null cells, and stable transfection of the missing cDNA restores both proteins and normalizes collagen helical modification. Western blot, immunofluorescence, stable transfection rescue, proteasomal inhibitor treatment, collagen modification assay in patient fibroblasts Human molecular genetics High 19846465
2009 Loss of CRTAP in Crtap-/- mice abolishes prolyl 3-hydroxylation at Pro986 of α1(I) and α1(II) collagen chains and also of α2(V) chains, but does not affect 3-hydroxylation at two known 3Hyp sites in α1(IV) chains, indicating substrate specificity of the CRTAP/P3H1 complex for clade A fibrillar collagens. Mass spectrometry of collagen from Crtap-/- mouse tissues, histology, cellular proliferation assays PloS one High 20485499
2009 CRTAP deficiency leads to abnormally high bone matrix mineralization and altered mineralization kinetics in both Crtap-/- mice and OI type VII patients, indicating that CRTAP-dependent collagen modification is required for normal bone mineral density distribution. Quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI) of bone mineral density distribution in Crtap-/- mice and patient bone biopsies Bone Medium 19895918
2011 CRTAP deficiency results in a severe deficiency (10–15% of control) of collagen deposited in extracellular matrix, with disorganized fibrillar networks and increased dermal collagen fibril diameters, due to defective matrix deposition rather than increased turnover, as shown by pulse-chase experiments. Immunofluorescence of long-term cultures, quantitative pulse-chase experiments, electron microscopy of dermal collagen fibrils in patient fibroblasts Clinical genetics Medium 21955071
1997 Cartilage-associated protein (CASP/CRTAP) is expressed at very high levels in hypertrophic chondrocytes and localizes to the cartilage extracellular matrix in the developing chick embryo skeleton. Immunohistochemistry with specific antisera, Northern blot of chondrocyte differentiation stages Journal of cell science Medium 9217321
1999 Mouse Crtap gene (mapped to chromosome 9F3-F4) encodes a protein expressed in all embryonic cartilages; the protein belongs to a novel family distinct from mammalian nuclear antigens despite sequence relatedness. cDNA cloning, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for chromosomal mapping Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology Medium 10429950
2020 In zebrafish crtap and p3h1 knockouts (which lack endogenous collagen type I 3-hydroxylation), loss of the CRTAP/P3H1 complex causes intracellular collagen type I overmodification, partial ER retention with enlarged ER cisternae, and disorganized extracellular collagen fibers with altered diameter, supporting that the primary function of the complex is as a collagen chaperone rather than solely for 3-hydroxylation. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout in zebrafish, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, micro-CT, collagen biochemistry Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology High 32173581
2024 Cryo-EM structures of the P3H1/CRTAP/PPIB ternary complex reveal that the active sites of P3H1 and PPIB form a face-to-face bifunctional reaction center indicating coupled modification of collagen; CRTAP serves as a structural scaffold; multiple collagen-binding sites form a substrate interacting zone; a dual-ternary complex exists and its equilibrium is altered by mutations in the P3H1/PPIB active site or PPIB inhibitors. Cryo-EM structure determination, mutagenesis, PPIB inhibitor addition, biochemical assays Nature communications High 39245686
2023 A deep intronic variant in CRTAP (c.794_1403A>G) introduces cryptic splice sites generating two mutant isoforms; both isoforms are unstable due to a 'GWxxI' degron, leading to loss of prolyl 3-hydroxylation and aggregation of type I collagen, with cell death by senescence. Genome sequencing, transcript analysis, protein stability assays, collagen hydroxylation assay, autophagy and senescence markers in patient cells Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease Medium 37146916
2021 Loss of CRTAP in Crtap-/- mice results in thinner, weaker tendons with increased collagen cross-links, reduced collagen fibril size, altered tendon progenitor-like cell numbers, dysregulation of TGF-β and inflammatory signaling pathways, and severe motor impairments, demonstrating a role for CRTAP-dependent collagen modification in tendon integrity and motor function. Biomechanical testing, collagen cross-link analysis, electron microscopy, RNA-seq, immunohistochemistry, behavioral tests in Crtap-/- mouse model eLife High 34036937
2015 In-frame deletion affecting crucial amino acids in CRTAP leads to severely reduced CRTAP and P3H1 protein levels (though CRTAP transcript is normal) and decreased Pro986 3-hydroxylation, demonstrating that these residues are important for CRTAP/P3H1 complex interaction and/or stabilization. Western blot, transcript analysis, collagen 3-hydroxylation assay in patient fibroblasts American journal of medical genetics. Part A Medium 21964860
2024 Biallelic CRTAP mutations cause reduced CRTAP mRNA and absent CRTAP protein in osteoblasts, with significantly reduced prolyl 3-hydroxylation at Pro986 of the α1 chain of type I collagen, markedly reduced osteoid volume, decreased osteoblast numbers, and impaired active bone formation. Bone specimen analysis from OI patient, mRNA and protein quantification, prolyl 3-hydroxylation quantification in collagen from patient osteoblasts The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Medium 38214665

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2021 Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)-Round XIV. Proteins 353 34533838
1999 Ab initio protein structure prediction of CASP III targets using ROSETTA. Proteins 334 10526365
2019 Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)-Round XIII. Proteins 317 31589781
2013 Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)--round x. Proteins 272 24344053
2002 Metallo-beta-lactamase fold within nucleic acids processing enzymes: the beta-CASP family. Nucleic acids research 261 12177301
1997 A CASP-8 mutation recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes on a human head and neck carcinoma. The Journal of experimental medicine 252 9271594
2003 Automated prediction of CASP-5 structures using the Robetta server. Proteins 220 14579342
2012 RNA-Puzzles: a CASP-like evaluation of RNA three-dimensional structure prediction. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 213 22361291
2017 Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)-Round XII. Proteins 211 29082672
2008 CRTAP and LEPRE1 mutations in recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. Human mutation 173 18566967
2003 Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)-round V. Proteins 167 14579322
2011 Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)--round IX. Proteins 145 21997831
2005 Progress over the first decade of CASP experiments. Proteins 135 16187365
1997 Cleavage of PITSLRE kinases by ICE/CASP-1 and CPP32/CASP-3 during apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor. The Journal of biological chemistry 127 9115219
2016 Prediction of homoprotein and heteroprotein complexes by protein docking and template-based modeling: A CASP-CAPRI experiment. Proteins 124 27122118
2005 Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)--round 6. Proteins 118 16187341
2007 Melatonin maintains mitochondrial membrane potential and attenuates activation of initiator (casp-9) and effector caspases (casp-3/casp-7) and PARP in UVR-exposed HaCaT keratinocytes. Journal of pineal research 102 18086147
2002 CASP, the alternatively spliced product of the gene encoding the CCAAT-displacement protein transcription factor, is a Golgi membrane protein related to giantin. Molecular biology of the cell 102 12429822
2023 Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)-Round XV. Proteins 93 37920879
2009 Null mutations in LEPRE1 and CRTAP cause severe recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. Cell and tissue research 84 19862557
2017 Transient cell-specific EXO70A1 activity in the CASP domain and Casparian strip localization. Nature plants 82 28436943
2020 Antidepressant Effect of Paeoniflorin Is Through Inhibiting Pyroptosis CASP-11/GSDMD Pathway. Molecular neurobiology 81 33025508
2013 CASP prediction center infrastructure and evaluation measures in CASP10 and CASP ROLL. Proteins 78 24038551
1998 Upregulation of CASP genes in human tumor cells undergoing etoposide-induced apoptosis. Oncogene 76 9671409
2004 The metallo-beta-lactamase/beta-CASP domain of Artemis constitutes the catalytic core for V(D)J recombination. The Journal of experimental medicine 73 14744996
2013 CASP10 results compared to those of previous CASP experiments. Proteins 72 24150928
2016 Sclerostin Antibody Treatment Improves the Bone Phenotype of Crtap(-/-) Mice, a Model of Recessive Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 68 26716893
2009 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1 and CRTAP are mutually stabilizing in the endoplasmic reticulum collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylation complex. Human molecular genetics 61 19846465
2012 Hydrophobic poly (amino acid) modified PEI mediated delivery of rev-casp-3 for cancer therapy. Biomaterials 57 22445251
2009 CRTAP deficiency leads to abnormally high bone matrix mineralization in a murine model and in children with osteogenesis imperfecta type VII. Bone 56 19895918
2010 Generalized connective tissue disease in Crtap-/- mouse. PloS one 52 20485499
2002 The N-terminal coiled coil domain of the cytohesin/ARNO family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors interacts with the scaffolding protein CASP. The Journal of biological chemistry 52 12052827
2001 Comparison of performance in successive CASP experiments. Proteins 52 11835494
2013 Emergence of the β-CASP ribonucleases: highly conserved and ubiquitous metallo-enzymes involved in messenger RNA maturation and degradation. Biochimica et biophysica acta 45 23403287
2010 Euryarchaeal beta-CASP proteins with homology to bacterial RNase J Have 5'- to 3'-exoribonuclease activity. The Journal of biological chemistry 41 20375016
2009 CRTAP mutations in lethal and severe osteogenesis imperfecta: the importance of combining biochemical and molecular genetic analysis. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 40 19550437
2012 Archaeal β-CASP ribonucleases of the aCPSF1 family are orthologs of the eukaryal CPSF-73 factor. Nucleic acids research 39 23222134
1997 CASP, a novel, highly conserved alternative-splicing product of the CDP/cut/cux gene, lacks cut-repeat and homeo DNA-binding domains, and interacts with full-length CDP in vitro. Gene 37 9332351
2010 Consistent refinement of submitted models at CASP using a knowledge-based potential. Proteins 35 20589633
2020 Crtap and p3h1 knock out zebrafish support defective collagen chaperoning as the cause of their osteogenesis imperfecta phenotype. Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 34 32173581
2020 Pan-cancer analysis of the CASP gene family in relation to survival, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and therapeutic targets. Genomics 34 32682809
2013 Analysis of association between IL-1β, CASP-9, and GDF5 variants and low-back pain in Chinese male soldier: clinical article. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 29 23725396
2011 Structure and activity of a novel archaeal β-CASP protein with N-terminal KH domains. Structure (London, England : 1993) 27 21565697
2007 Sorting nexin 27 interacts with the Cytohesin associated scaffolding protein (CASP) in lymphocytes. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 27 17577583
2007 Proapoptotic histone H1.2 induces CASP-3 and -7 activation by forming a protein complex with CYT c, APAF-1 and CASP-9. FEBS letters 27 17618626
2009 Methylation patterns of Rb1 and Casp-8 promoters and their impact on their expression in bladder cancer. Cancer investigation 26 19160091
2016 CASP 11 target classification. Proteins 25 26756794
2018 Small angle X-ray scattering and cross-linking for data assisted protein structure prediction in CASP 12 with prospects for improved accuracy. Proteins 23 29314274
2011 Deficiency of CRTAP in non-lethal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta reduces collagen deposition into matrix. Clinical genetics 23 21955071
1997 Cartilage associated protein (CASP) is a novel developmentally regulated chick embryo protein. Journal of cell science 23 9217321
2018 Effect of the exogenous anthocyanin extract on key metabolic pathways and antioxidant status of Brazilian elodea (Egeria densa (Planch.) Casp.) exposed to cadmium and manganese. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 22 29804017
2023 Directed growth and fusion of membrane-wall microdomains requires CASP-mediated inhibition and displacement of secretory foci. Nature communications 21 36959183
2021 Modeling SARS-CoV-2 proteins in the CASP-commons experiment. Proteins 20 34462960
2020 RNA processing machineries in Archaea: the 5'-3' exoribonuclease aRNase J of the β-CASP family is engaged specifically with the helicase ASH-Ski2 and the 3'-5' exoribonucleolytic RNA exosome machinery. Nucleic acids research 20 32030412
2013 HuGE systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate association of CASP-3 and CASP-7 genetic polymorphisms with cancer risk. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 20 23765963
2011 Severe osteogenesis imperfecta caused by a small in-frame deletion in CRTAP. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 20 21964860
2008 A histidine in the beta-CASP domain of Artemis is critical for its full in vitro and in vivo functions. DNA repair 20 19022407
2014 Prostasin may contribute to chemoresistance, repress cancer cells in ovarian cancer, and is involved in the signaling pathways of CASP/PAK2-p34/actin. Cell death & disease 19 24434518
2023 Deep intronic mutation in CRTAP results in unstable isoforms of the protein to induce type I collagen aggregation in a lethal type of osteogenesis imperfecta type VII. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease 18 37146916
2022 L-Carnitine alleviates hepatic and renal mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic progression induced by letrozole in female rats through modulation of Nrf-2, Cyt c and CASP-3 signaling. Drug and chemical toxicology 18 35176959
2015 Universal RNA-degrading enzymes in Archaea: Prevalence, activities and functions of β-CASP ribonucleases. Biochimie 18 26054421
1999 cDNA cloning, characterization and chromosome mapping of Crtap encoding the mouse cartilage associated protein. Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 18 10429950
2020 Dental and craniofacial defects in the Crtap-/- mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta type VII. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 17 32133710
2015 CRTAP mutation in a patient with Cole-Carpenter syndrome. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 17 25604815
2015 Mutational characterization of the P3H1/CRTAP/CypB complex in recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 16 26634552
2017 Metformin and epothilone A treatment up regulate pro-apoptotic PARP-1, Casp-3 and H2AX genes and decrease of AKT kinase level to control cell death of human hepatocellular carcinoma and ovary adenocarcinoma cells. Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA 15 29117515
2003 CASP and CAFASP experiments and their findings. Methods of biochemical analysis 15 12647401
2022 CASP microdomain formation requires cross cell wall stabilization of domains and non-cell autonomous action of LOTR1. eLife 14 35029147
2021 Tendon and motor phenotypes in the Crtap mouse model of recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. eLife 14 34036937
2013 Network properties of decoys and CASP predicted models: a comparison with native protein structures. Molecular bioSystems 13 23694935
2009 CASP-9: A susceptibility locus for multiple sclerosis in Italy. Journal of neuroimmunology 13 19359048
2017 Target highlights from the first post-PSI CASP experiment (CASP12, May-August 2016). Proteins 12 28960539
2014 Protein structure refinement of CASP target proteins using GNEIMO torsional dynamics method. Journal of chemical information and modeling 12 24397429
2012 DR2417, a hypothetical protein characterized as a novel β-CASP family nuclease in radiation resistant bacterium, Deinococcus radiodurans. Biochimica et biophysica acta 12 22503789
2024 The structural basis for the collagen processing by human P3H1/CRTAP/PPIB ternary complex. Nature communications 11 39245686
2016 CASP 3 genetic polymorphisms and risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-control study in a Chinese population. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 11 26758428
2009 Common variants in FLNB/CRTAP, not ARHGEF3 at 3p, are associated with osteoporosis in southern Chinese women. Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA 11 19727905
1999 cDNA cloning, characterization and chromosome mapping of the gene encoding human cartilage associated protein (CRTAP). Cytogenetics and cell genetics 11 10702664
2017 Biological and functional relevance of CASP predictions. Proteins 9 28975675
2016 Estimation of Uncertainties in the Global Distance Test (GDT_TS) for CASP Models. PloS one 9 27149620
2013 Association between CASP-8 gene polymorphisms and cancer risk in some Asian population based on a HuGE review and meta-analysis. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 9 23479148
2020 Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutations in CRTAP Cause Rare Autosomal Recessive Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Frontiers in genetics 8 32922437
2020 Tracking exogenous intracellular casp-3 using split GFP. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 8 33165988
2013 CASP-9 gene functional polymorphisms and cancer risk: a large-scale association study plus meta-analysis. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 8 23479167
2012 CASP-8 -652 6N ins/del polymorphism and cancer risk: A literature-based systematic HuGE review and meta-analysis. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 8 23170140
2012 Role of CASP-10 gene polymorphisms in cancer susceptibility: a HuGE review and meta-analysis. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 8 23212337
2008 Getting a GRASP on CASP: properties and role of the cytohesin-associated scaffolding protein in immunity. Immunology and cell biology 8 18825161
2018 FOXA1 knock-out via CRISPR/Cas9 altered Casp-9, Bax, CCND1, CDK4, and fibronectin expressions in LNCaP cells. Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 7 30043639
2024 Atramacronoid A induces the PANoptosis-like cell death of human breast cancer cells through the CASP-3/PARP-GSDMD-MLKL pathways. Journal of Asian natural products research 6 38958645
2023 Role of environmental specificity in CASP results. BMC bioinformatics 6 37950210
2021 β-CASP proteins removing RNA polymerase from DNA: when a torpedo is needed to shoot a sitting duck. Nucleic acids research 6 34551438
2015 Assessment of CASP gene polymorphisms in periodontal disease. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 6 26782454
2013 CASP-1, -2 and -5 gene polymorphisms and cancer risk: A review and meta-analysis. Biomedical reports 6 24648977
2024 Genetic Analysis, Phenotypic Spectrum and Functional Study of Rare Osteogenesis Imperfecta Caused by CRTAP Variants. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 5 38214665
2023 Açaí berry ameliorates cognitive impairment by inhibiting NLRP3/ASC/CASP axis in STZ-induced diabetic neuropathy in mice. Journal of neurophysiology 5 37584088
2008 Gene duplication in early vertebrates results in tissue-specific subfunctionalized adaptor proteins: CASP and GRASP. Journal of molecular evolution 5 18600293
2025 Updates to the CASP Infrastructure in 2024. Proteins 4 40890987
2022 Craniofacial and dental phenotype of two girls with osteogenesis imperfecta due to mutations in CRTAP. Bone 4 35970273
2014 Cytohesin-associated scaffolding protein (CASP) is involved in migration and IFN-γ secretion in natural killer cells. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 4 25058460
2013 A literature-based systematic HuGE review and meta-analysis show that CASP gene family polymorphisms are associated with risk of lung cancer. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 4 23315881