Affinage

COL5A2

Collagen alpha-2(V) chain · UniProt P05997

Length
1499 aa
Mass
144.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
40 papers in source corpus 17 papers cited in narrative 17 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

COL5A2 encodes the α2(V) chain of type V collagen, a regulatory fibrillar collagen that controls the nucleation, growth, and organization of type I collagen fibrils in connective tissues (PMID:7704020, PMID:25987251). In vivo, a structurally abnormal α2(V) chain produces disorganized collagen fibrils in skin and eye, while homozygous Col5a2 null mice are embryonic lethal at ~E12, yet retain detectable (though abnormally thick) fibrils — distinguishing COL5A2 from COL5A1 and indicating partial compensation by α1(V) homotrimers (PMID:7704020, PMID:25987251). Haploinsufficiency in mice produces skin hyperextensibility, reduced tensile strength, loss of dermal and abdominal adipose tissue, and a marked increase in abdominal aortic aneurysms and aortic dissections, and the two classical EDS dermal hallmarks (cauliflower-contoured fibril aggregates versus skin hyperextensibility) arise through mechanistically distinct loss of fibril-growth versus nucleation functions (PMID:25987251, PMID:28734943). In humans, a hemizygous COL5A2 deletion and a synonymous variant causing exon 29 skipping establish that haploinsufficiency and aberrant splicing cause classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, while a glycine-to-arginine substitution (G934R) within the triple-helical domain acts as a dominant negative (PMID:9783710, PMID:33834621, PMID:20648054). COL5A2 transcription is governed by upstream FP-A and FP-B regulatory sites, where cooperative PBX1/PREP1 and PBX1/HOXB1 heterodimers binding the bipartite FPB element drive cell-type-specific expression, and B-Myb represses the promoter indirectly by blocking the positive regulator MRF-V at CRE-like elements; ECM composition itself feeds back on expression, as matrix bearing mutant fibrillin-1 downregulates Col5a2 mRNA (PMID:1460034, PMID:10748126, PMID:10429946, PMID:16583319). In cancer, COL5A2 supports proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT-associated programs across multiple tumor types (PMID:33816226, PMID:36712590, PMID:38818582).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 1992 High

    Established the cis-regulatory architecture controlling cell-type-specific COL5A2 transcription, identifying which upstream elements are essential for expression.

    Evidence Promoter-reporter transfection, gel shift, and site-directed mutagenesis of FP-A and FP-B sites

    PMID:1460034

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify the trans-acting factors binding FP-A/FP-B
    • No in vivo confirmation of element function
  2. 1995 High

    Demonstrated in vivo that the α2(V) chain is a determinant of collagen fibril assembly, defining COL5A2's core matrix function.

    Evidence Knock-in of a structurally abnormal α2(V) chain in mice with histological and ultrastructural analysis of fibrils in skin and eye

    PMID:7704020

    Open questions at the time
    • Dominant-negative knock-in, not a clean null
    • Molecular mechanism of fibril growth control not resolved
  3. 1998 Medium

    Linked a specific triple-helical glycine substitution in COL5A2 to dominant-negative disruption and classical EDS, establishing a disease mechanism beyond loss of expression.

    Evidence cDNA sequencing of patient dermal fibroblasts with haplotype exclusion of COL5A1

    PMID:9783710

    Open questions at the time
    • Single family
    • Dominant-negative effect inferred genetically, not biochemically reconstituted
  4. 1999 Medium

    Identified a repressive arm of COL5A2 regulation, showing B-Myb antagonizes a positive matrix regulatory factor at the promoter.

    Evidence Reporter transfection, EMSA with B-Myb-GST fusion, mutagenesis of CRE-like elements, and Northern blot of endogenous mRNA

    PMID:10429946

    Open questions at the time
    • MRF-V identity not determined
    • Physiological context of B-Myb repression unclear
  5. 2000 High

    Defined the trans-acting transcription complex driving COL5A2, showing cooperative PBX/PREP/HOX heterodimers transactivate the FPB element.

    Evidence DNA binding assays with recombinant PBX1/2, PREP1, HOXB1 and transfection overexpression comparing COL5A2-positive vs -negative cells

    PMID:10748126

    Open questions at the time
    • No genetic confirmation in vivo
    • Upstream signals selecting PBX1/PREP1 vs PBX1/HOXB1 not defined
  6. 2006 Medium

    Showed that ECM composition feeds back onto COL5A2 transcription, linking matrix state to collagen gene expression.

    Evidence Mouse embryonic fibroblasts grown on Tsk/Tsk mutant fibrillin-1 matrices with real-time PCR and Northern blot of Col5a2 mRNA

    PMID:16583319

    Open questions at the time
    • Signaling pathway from mutant Fbn1 matrix to Col5a2 promoter unknown
    • Correlative mRNA change only
  7. 2010 Medium

    Provided direct human evidence that one functional COL5A2 copy is insufficient, establishing haploinsufficiency as a disease mechanism.

    Evidence MLPA and microarray detection of hemizygous genomic deletion with clinical phenotyping

    PMID:20648054

    Open questions at the time
    • Single case
    • Deletion breakpoints may affect neighboring loci
  8. 2015 High

    Distinguished COL5A2 from COL5A1 by showing nulls retain fibrils via α1(V) homotrimer compensation while haploinsufficiency confers skin and aortic mechanical defects.

    Evidence Col5a2 null and heterozygous mice with embryonic lethality timing, EM of fibrils, and biomechanical tensile testing of skin and aorta

    PMID:25987251

    Open questions at the time
    • Extent and tissue specificity of homotrimer compensation not quantified
    • Molecular basis of aortic compliance change unresolved
  9. 2017 High

    Resolved that two classical EDS dermal hallmarks arise from distinct COL5A2 functions and broadened the haploinsufficiency phenotype to adipose loss and aneurysm.

    Evidence Ubiquitous postnatal Col5a2 knockdown in mice with EM, adipose histology, and aortic aneurysm/dissection assessment

    PMID:28734943

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking COL5A2 loss to adipose depletion unclear
    • Trigger for aneurysm/dissection progression undefined
  10. 2021 Medium

    Extended COL5A2 function into malignancy, showing it supports prostate cancer proliferation and invasion.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown in PC-3 and LNCaP cells with proliferation and invasion assays

    PMID:33816226

    Open questions at the time
    • No downstream pathway identified in this model
    • Cell-line only
  11. 2021 Low

    Defined COL5A2 as an output of a competing-endogenous-RNA axis and a regulator of synovial fibroblast behavior in rheumatoid arthritis.

    Evidence Luciferase reporter, RIP, RNA pull-down, and COL5A2 over/knockdown with proliferation and cytokine assays in RA-HFLS

    PMID:34766472

    Open questions at the time
    • COL5A2-specific downstream effects not fully validated
    • Single lab
    • Cell-line only
  12. 2021 Medium

    Demonstrated that synonymous coding variants can disrupt COL5A2 splicing to cause classical EDS, expanding the mutational spectrum.

    Evidence Whole exome and Sanger sequencing with RT-PCR demonstrating exon 29 skipping in patient mRNA

    PMID:33834621

    Open questions at the time
    • Single case
    • Effect of truncated chain on fibril assembly not directly tested
  13. 2024 Medium

    Provided the most detailed cancer mechanism, linking COL5A2 to LIFR suppression and p38/STAT3 activation in regorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Evidence Transcriptome sequencing, COL5A2 depletion/overexpression, LIFR rescue, and in vitro/in vivo proliferation, invasion, VM, and metastasis assays

    PMID:38818582

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism connecting COL5A2 to LIFR not biochemically defined
    • Single lab
  14. 2024 Low

    Implicated stromal CAF-derived COL5A2 in drug resistance via PI3K/AKT signaling in head and neck cancer.

    Evidence CAF-HNSCC co-culture, DEG analysis, erlotinib resistance assays, and PI3K/AKT pathway readout

    PMID:39286945

    Open questions at the time
    • In vitro only
    • Pathway link largely correlative
    • Receptor mediating COL5A2 signaling unidentified
  15. 2025 Low

    Connected COL5A2 overexpression to tumor immune evasion through ER stress, PD-L1 exosome secretion, and M2 macrophage polarization.

    Evidence qPCR/western for ER stress and PD-L1 markers, flow cytometry, exosome uptake confocal imaging, and in vivo assays in lung adenocarcinoma

    PMID:40345640

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct mechanism connecting COL5A2 to ER stress not established
    • Single lab

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a secreted ECM collagen chain triggers intracellular signaling cascades (LIFR/p38/STAT3, PI3K/AKT, ER stress) in cancer cells, and the receptor(s) mediating these effects, remains unresolved.
  • No receptor for COL5A2-driven signaling identified
  • Cancer mechanisms rest on single-lab cell-line studies
  • Link between matrix function and intracellular signaling undefined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 3
Localization
GO:0031012 extracellular matrix 3
Pathway
R-HSA-1474244 Extracellular matrix organization 3 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 3

Evidence

Reading pass · 17 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1995 Type V collagen α2(V) chain is a key determinant in the assembly of tissue-specific collagen matrices: mice producing a structurally abnormal α2(V) chain exhibit disorganized type I collagen fibrils in skin and eye, demonstrating that COL5A2 regulates collagen fibril growth and organization. Targeted mutation (knock-in of structurally abnormal α2(V) chain) in mice; histological and ultrastructural analysis of collagen fibril organization Nature genetics High 7704020
1998 A single glycine-to-arginine substitution (G934R) within the triple-helical domain of the α2(V) collagen chain causes dominant-negative disruption of type V collagen structure and results in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type II. COL5A2 cDNA sequencing of cultured dermal fibroblasts from affected family members; haplotype analysis to exclude COL5A1; verification that mutation absent in 50 normal chromosomes Journal of medical genetics Medium 9783710
1992 Cell type-specific transcription of COL5A2 depends on two nuclear factor-binding sites (FP-A and FP-B) in the upstream regulatory region (~nucleotides -149 to -95); mutation of FP-B reduces promoter activity ~40-fold and FP-A ~3-fold, indicating these sites are essential positive regulators of COL5A2 expression. Transfection experiments with promoter-reporter constructs; DNA binding assays (gel shift); site-directed mutagenesis of FP-A and FP-B The Journal of biological chemistry High 1460034
2000 Cell type-specific transcription of COL5A2 is controlled by cooperative interactions among PBX1/2, PREP1, and HOXB1 proteins binding to the bipartite FPB element (5'-ATCAATCA-3'); PBX1 (not PBX2) is required for transactivation, and cooperative heterodimer binding of PBX1/PREP1 or PBX1/HOXB1 drives promoter activity. DNA binding assays with recombinant proteins; cell transfection overexpression experiments; comparison of FPB-bound complexes from COL5A2-positive vs. COL5A2-negative cells The Journal of biological chemistry High 10748126
1999 B-Myb represses COL5A2 promoter activity indirectly by inhibiting binding of a positively-acting matrix regulatory factor (MRF-V) to two CRE-like elements in the first exon; mutation of these elements abolishes both basal promoter activity and B-Myb-mediated repression. Reporter gene transfection; electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) with B-Myb-GST fusion protein; site-directed mutagenesis of CRE-like elements; measurement of endogenous α2(V) collagen mRNA by Northern blot Matrix biology Medium 10429946
2015 Homozygous null Col5a2 mice are embryonic lethal at ~E12, but unlike Col5a1-null embryos (which virtually lack fibrils), Col5a2-null embryos have detectable collagen fibrils (though thicker than wild-type), suggesting α1(V)3 homotrimers partially compensate. Heterozygous Col5a2+/- adults show marked skin hyperextensibility and reduced tensile strength at high strain, and aortas with increased compliance and reduced tensile strength. Generation of Col5a2 null mice; embryonic lethality timing; electron microscopy of collagen fibrils; biomechanical tensile testing of skin and aorta The American journal of pathology High 25987251
2017 Postnatal ubiquitous Col5a2 knockdown produces pathognomonic dermal cauliflower-contoured collagen fibril aggregates (reflecting loss of collagen V's role in fibril growth control) without skin hyperextensibility (which arises separately from loss of nucleation roles), demonstrating these two cEDS hallmarks arise through distinct mechanisms. Col5a2 haploinsufficiency also caused loss of dermal and abdominal white adipose tissue and markedly increased incidence/severity of abdominal aortic aneurysms and aortic arch dissections. Ubiquitous postnatal Col5a2 knockdown in mice; electron microscopy of collagen fibrils; histological analysis of adipose tissue; assessment of aortic aneurysms and dissections The American journal of pathology High 28734943
2006 Extracellular matrix containing mutant fibrillin-1 (Fbn1) down-regulates Col5a2 mRNA steady-state levels in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, demonstrating that ECM composition (via mutant Fbn1) signals to regulate Col5a2 transcription. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts grown on matrices produced by Tsk/Tsk, Tsk/+, or +/+ cells; real-time PCR and Northern blot analysis of Col5a2 mRNA levels Amino acids Medium 16583319
2021 Knockdown of COL5A2 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in prostate cancer PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines, demonstrating a functional role for COL5A2 in supporting these malignant behaviors. siRNA knockdown of COL5A2 in PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines; cell proliferation and invasion assays Frontiers in oncology Medium 33816226
2022 Downregulation of COL5A2 expression inhibits the TGF-β signaling and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in osteosarcoma cells, suppressing invasion and metastasis. CCK-8 assay, scratch assay, western blot for pathway components after COL5A2 knockdown in osteosarcoma cells; qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence for COL5A2 expression Frontiers in oncology Low 35280775
2023 COL5A2 promotes malignant phenotypes in gastric cancer cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), evidenced by upregulation of mesenchymal markers SNAI1, SNAI2, TWIST, VIM, and MMP2 upon COL5A2 expression, and inhibition of proliferation, migration, and invasion upon COL5A2 knockdown. COL5A2 knockdown in AGS and SGC-7901 gastric cancer cell lines; CCK-8, colony formation, transwell assays; qRT-PCR and western blot for EMT markers Open medicine Low 36712590
2024 COL5A2, aberrantly overexpressed in regorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells, promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and vasculogenic mimicry by suppressing LIFR expression and activating p38/STAT3 signaling; rescue experiments confirm that LIFR silencing reverses the inhibitory effects of COL5A2 depletion on aggressive behavior. Transcriptome sequencing; genetic depletion and overexpression of COL5A2; western blot for VE-cadherin, EphA2, Twist1, p-p38, p-STAT3; LIFR overexpression rescue experiments; in vitro and in vivo assays for proliferation, migration, invasion, VM formation, and lung metastasis Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica Medium 38818582
2024 Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-secreted COL5A2 activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to mediate erlotinib resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. In vitro co-culture experiments with CAFs and HNSCC cell lines; GEO/TCGA DEG analysis; functional assays assessing erlotinib resistance; pathway analysis of PI3K/AKT activation Oral diseases Low 39286945
2025 COL5A2 overexpression in lung adenocarcinoma induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to increased PD-L1 exosome secretion and macrophage uptake of PD-L1 exosomes, thereby driving M2 macrophage polarization. qPCR and western blot for COL5A2, GRP78, CHOP (ER stress markers), PD-L1; flow cytometry for CD206/CD68 M2 markers; confocal microscopy for exosome uptake; immunofluorescence; in vivo animal assays Cell stress & chaperones Low 40345640
2021 COL5A2 is a downstream target of miR-1286; BZRAP1-AS1 lncRNA sequesters miR-1286 to increase COL5A2 expression, and luciferase reporter, RIP, and pull-down assays confirmed the BZRAP1-AS1/miR-1286/COL5A2 cascade, with COL5A2 suppressing RA-HFLS proliferation and inflammation. Luciferase reporter assay; RIP assay; RNA pull-down assay; COL5A2 overexpression/knockdown; CCK-8 and BrdU proliferation assays; ELISA for cytokines Immunity, inflammation and disease Low 34766472
2021 A synonymous COL5A2 variant (c.1977 G>A) causes exon 29 skipping in the RNA transcript, producing a mutant α2(V) chain and resulting in classical EDS, demonstrating that synonymous mutations can disrupt COL5A2 splicing. Whole exome sequencing; Sanger sequencing for parental validation; RT-PCR to demonstrate exon 29 skipping in patient mRNA Molecular genetics & genomic medicine Medium 33834621
2010 True haploinsufficiency of COL5A2 (hemizygous deletion) produces a clinical phenotype consistent with classical EDS, providing evidence that one functional copy of COL5A2 is insufficient for normal connective tissue function. MLPA detection of hemizygous genomic deletion; microarray breakpoint analysis; physical and laboratory examination of patient phenotype European journal of human genetics Medium 20648054

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 40 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1995 Targeted mutation in the col5a2 gene reveals a regulatory role for type V collagen during matrix assembly. Nature genetics 182 7704020
2001 Colorectal carcinogenesis is associated with stromal expression of COL11A1 and COL5A2. Carcinogenesis 145 11375892
2013 Clinical and molecular characterization of 40 patients with classic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: identification of 18 COL5A1 and 2 COL5A2 novel mutations. Orphanet journal of rare diseases 97 23587214
1998 A single base mutation in COL5A2 causes Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type II. Journal of medical genetics 61 9783710
1989 Genetic evidence that mutations in the COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, or COL5A2 collagen genes are not responsible for mitral valve prolapse. British heart journal 47 2930668
2021 COL5A2 Promotes Proliferation and Invasion in Prostate Cancer and Is One of Seven Gleason-Related Genes That Predict Recurrence-Free Survival. Frontiers in oncology 42 33816226
2000 Cooperative interactions between PBX, PREP, and HOX proteins modulate the activity of the alpha 2(V) collagen (COL5A2) promoter. The Journal of biological chemistry 41 10748126
2021 COL5A2 as a potential clinical biomarker for gastric cancer and renal metastasis. Medicine 39 33607786
2022 COL5A2 Inhibits the TGF-β and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways to Inhibit the Invasion and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma. Frontiers in oncology 33 35280775
2010 Hemizygous deletion of COL3A1, COL5A2, and MSTN causes a complex phenotype with aortic dissection: a lesson for and from true haploinsufficiency. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 31 20648054
2017 Deficits in Col5a2 Expression Result in Novel Skin and Adipose Abnormalities and Predisposition to Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections. The American journal of pathology 29 28734943
2013 Analysis of a gene co-expression network establishes robust association between Col5a2 and ischemic heart disease. BMC medical genomics 27 23574622
1988 Genetic distance of two fibrillar collagen loci, COL3A1 and COL5A2, located on the long arm of human chromosome 2. Genomics 26 3224983
1992 Identification of an upstream regulatory region essential for cell type-specific transcription of the pro-alpha 2(V) collagen gene (COL5A2). The Journal of biological chemistry 25 1460034
2016 A novel missense mutation of COL5A2 in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Human genome variation 23 27656288
2019 Differential clinical significance of COL5A1 and COL5A2 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology 21 30972812
2015 Homozygosity and Heterozygosity for Null Col5a2 Alleles Produce Embryonic Lethality and a Novel Classic Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome-Related Phenotype. The American journal of pathology 21 25987251
2006 Extracellular matrix containing mutated fibrillin-1 (Fbn1) down regulates Col1a1, Col1a2, Col3a1, Col5a1, and Col5a2 mRNA levels in Tsk/+ and Tsk/Tsk embryonic fibroblasts. Amino acids 21 16583319
2001 Genomic organization of the human COL3A1 and COL5A2 genes: COL5A2 has evolved differently than the other minor fibrillar collagen genes. Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 21 11566270
2002 Sequence analysis of the COL5A2 gene in patients with spontaneous cervical artery dissections. Neurology 20 11940702
1990 Physical mapping by PFGE localizes the COL3A1 and COL5A2 genes to a 35-kb region on human chromosome 2. Genomics 20 1979060
1986 The pro alpha 2(V) collagen gene (COL5A2) maps to 2q14----2q32, syntenic to the pro alpha 1 (III) collagen locus (COL3A1). Human genetics 20 3011647
2021 Rare functional genetic variants in COL7A1, COL6A5, COL1A2 and COL5A2 frequently occur in Chiari Malformation Type 1. PloS one 18 33974636
2018 Collagen type V a2 (COL5A2) is decreased in steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head. American journal of translational research 17 30210685
2021 Involvement of COL5A2 and TGF-β1 in pathological scarring. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 14 34447460
1999 B-Myb represses trans-activation of the Col5A2 collagen promoter indirectly via inhibition of binding of factors interacting with positive elements within the first exon. Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 12 10429946
2023 Up-regulation of collagen type V alpha 2 (COL5A2) promotes malignant phenotypes in gastric cancer cell via inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) 11 36712590
2021 lncRNA BZRAP1-AS1 alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by regulating miR-1286/COL5A2 axis. Immunity, inflammation and disease 9 34766472
2022 A COL5A2 In-Frame Deletion in a Chihuahua with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Genes 7 35627319
2022 Phenotype of COL3A1/COL5A2 deletion patients. European journal of medical genetics 7 35964930
2021 Clinical and genetic analysis of classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome patient caused by synonymous mutation in COL5A2. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 7 33834621
2024 COL5A2 drives regorafenib resistance-induced metastatic phenotype via reducing LIFR expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica 6 38818582
2024 CAF-secreted COL5A2 activates the PI3K/AKT pathway to mediate erlotinib resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral diseases 3 39286945
2022 Classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with severe kyphoscoliosis due to a novel pathogenic variant of COL5A2. Clinical case reports 2 36447672
2025 Targeting the hsa_circ_0000253/miR-7/COL5A2 Axis: Unveiling CCT-018159's Role in Halting Osteosarcoma Progression. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 1 40970417
2024 Integrated analyses reveal the diagnostic and predictive values of COL5A2 and association with immune environment in Crohn's disease. Genes and immunity 1 38789829
2026 Integrative Bulk and Single-Nucleus Analyses Nominate COL5A2 as a CAF/ECM-Associated Marker Associated with PDAC Progression. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) 0 42072830
2025 Novel variations in the PLOD1, COL1A1, COL5A2 and COL4A1 genes related to keratoconus. Frontiers in genetics 0 40201566
2025 COL5A2-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes macrophage M2 polarization in lung adenocarcinoma. Cell stress & chaperones 0 40345640
2025 MiR-432-5p was involved in gestational diabetes mellitus by targeting COL5A2 regulation. Irish journal of medical science 0 40794255

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