Affinage

CNN1

Calponin-1 · UniProt P51911

Round 2 corrected
Length
297 aa
Mass
33.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
66 papers in source corpus 17 papers cited in narrative 17 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

CNN1 (calponin-1) is a smooth muscle-restricted actin-filament-associated protein that inhibits actin-activated myosin MgATPase activity through direct actin binding, thereby fine-tuning smooth muscle contractility; this inhibition is abolished by PKC- or CaM-kinase II-mediated phosphorylation, which reduces actin affinity while preserving calmodulin and tropomyosin binding (PMID:2161834, PMID:26970176). Beyond its contractile role, CNN1 functions as a scaffold linking MAPK and PKC-ε to the plasma membrane in vascular smooth muscle and participates in a cGMP kinase signaling complex in airway smooth muscle (PMID:9312127, PMID:12480535). CNN1 expression is transcriptionally controlled by a single intronic CArG/SRF element and post-transcriptionally regulated by multiple miRNAs (miR-1274B, miR-106b-5p, miR-330) and LINC00337-recruited DNMT1 promoter methylation; CNN1 overexpression suppresses neointimal formation after vascular injury and inhibits cancer cell invasion and metastasis across multiple tumor types (PMID:21817093, PMID:26315405, PMID:31986487, PMID:33328585). CNN1 protein is stabilized post-translationally by USP48, and the USP48–CNN1 axis protects cardiomyocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury by inactivating ERK1/2-dependent CXCL1/2 release (PMID:40513941).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 1988 High

    Identification of calponin as a novel thin-filament-associated protein in smooth muscle established its candidacy as a contractile regulator analogous to troponin T.

    Evidence Biochemical purification from bovine aortic smooth muscle with binding assays for actin, tropomyosin, and calmodulin

    PMID:2455687

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of actin binding on contractility not yet tested
    • Tissue distribution and isoform diversity unknown
  2. 1990 High

    Reconstitution experiments resolved CNN1's core molecular function: direct actin binding inhibits myosin ATPase, and PKC/CaM-kinase II phosphorylation serves as the off-switch by reducing actin affinity.

    Evidence Reconstituted actomyosin ATPase assay with in vitro phosphorylation and binding measurements

    PMID:2161834

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphorylation sites not mapped
    • In vivo relevance of ATPase inhibition not demonstrated
    • Structural basis of actin interaction unknown
  3. 1995 High

    Cloning the human CNN1 cDNA confirmed smooth muscle-exclusive expression and mapped the gene to chromosome 19p13, enabling genetic and regulatory studies.

    Evidence cDNA cloning from human aorta, RT-PCR tissue profiling, FISH chromosomal mapping

    PMID:8526917

    Open questions at the time
    • Transcriptional regulatory elements not identified
    • No functional genomics in disease context
  4. 1997 Medium

    Discovery that CNN1 co-immunoprecipitates with MAPK and PKC-ε and co-redistributes to the plasma membrane upon agonist stimulation expanded CNN1's role beyond ATPase inhibition to a signaling scaffold in smooth muscle cells.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, overlay assay for direct MAPK binding, confocal microscopy of phenylephrine-stimulated VSMCs

    PMID:9312127

    Open questions at the time
    • Binding domains on CNN1 for MAPK/PKC-ε not mapped
    • Functional consequence of scaffolding on downstream signaling not tested
    • Single lab finding without independent replication
  5. 2003 Medium

    Identification of CNN1 as a component of a cGMP kinase I signaling complex (with IP3RI, IRAG, phospholamban, α-actin) in tracheal smooth muscle placed CNN1 within a second signal transduction node beyond the MAPK/PKC-ε axis.

    Evidence MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry identification and reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation with multiple antibodies

    PMID:12480535

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional role of CNN1 within the cGMP kinase complex not determined
    • Whether CNN1 is stoichiometric or substoichiometric in the complex is unknown
  6. 2011 High

    In vivo transgenic studies demonstrated that CNN1 overexpression suppresses neointimal formation after arterial injury and that a single intronic CArG/SRF element is necessary for smooth muscle-restricted CNN1 transcription, connecting gene regulation to vascular disease phenotype.

    Evidence BAC transgenic mice with CArG element mutations, femoral artery injury model, lacZ reporter

    PMID:21817093

    Open questions at the time
    • Sufficiency of CArG element for full expression not established
    • Mechanism by which CNN1 suppresses neointimal formation not defined
  7. 2015 Medium

    Discovery that XBP1s induces miR-1274B to degrade CNN1 mRNA, promoting SMC proliferation and neointimal formation, established the first post-transcriptional regulatory axis controlling CNN1 levels in vascular disease.

    Evidence SMC knockdown/overexpression, miRNA target validation, femoral artery injury mouse model

    PMID:26315405

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct miR-1274B binding site on CNN1 3'UTR not mapped by mutagenesis
    • TGF-β3 counterregulatory mechanism incompletely defined
  8. 2020 Medium

    Multiple studies revealed CNN1 as a convergent tumor suppressor target silenced by distinct miRNAs (miR-106b-5p in breast cancer) and by DNMT1-mediated promoter methylation (recruited by LINC00337 in colorectal cancer), with functional consequences for proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.

    Evidence Dual-luciferase 3'UTR assays, bisulfite/methylation-specific PCR, gain/loss-of-function in cancer cell lines, nude mouse xenograft and lung metastasis models

    PMID:31986487 PMID:33328585

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct downstream effectors of CNN1 tumor suppression not identified in most cancer types
    • Whether CNN1 acts cell-autonomously or through microenvironment remodeling in tumors is unresolved
  9. 2022 Medium

    In cancer-associated fibroblasts, CNN1 stabilizes PDLIM7 by blocking NEDD4-1-mediated ubiquitination, activating ROCK1/MLC-dependent matrix stiffening that drives YAP activation and chemoresistance in adjacent tumor cells — defining a non-cell-autonomous tumor-promoting mechanism distinct from CNN1's cell-autonomous tumor suppressor role.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, atomic force microscopy in 3D culture, mouse gastric cancer model

    PMID:36423735

    Open questions at the time
    • Binding domain between CNN1 and PDLIM7 not mapped
    • Whether this CAF mechanism applies beyond gastric cancer is unknown
    • Reconciliation with CNN1's tumor-suppressive roles in epithelial cells not addressed
  10. 2024 Medium

    Expanding CNN1 biology beyond smooth muscle, UTX was shown to bind CNN1 to orchestrate trauma-induced endothelial cell senescence and SASP, while a MEG3/miR-330/CNN1 ceRNA axis was validated in breast cancer, and CNN1 knockdown impaired satellite cell proliferation and lipid accumulation in avian skeletal muscle.

    Evidence Spinal cord injury mouse model with endothelial UTX deletion; RIP and luciferase validation of MEG3–miR-330–CNN1 axis; siRNA knockdown in chicken satellite cells

    PMID:38240701 PMID:38528029 PMID:38669818

    Open questions at the time
    • Nature of the UTX–CNN1 interaction (direct vs. transcriptional) not biochemically resolved
    • Satellite cell findings lack pathway placement and are in a non-mammalian model
    • Relative contribution of CNN1 to endothelial senescence versus smooth muscle phenotypes unclear
  11. 2025 Medium

    Identification of USP48 as a deubiquitinase that stabilizes CNN1 protein in cardiomyocytes, with the USP48–CNN1 axis suppressing ERK1/2-mediated CXCL1/2 release to protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury, extended CNN1's protective role to cardiac tissue.

    Evidence Cardiac-specific USP48 knockout/overexpression in diabetic mice, proteomics, CNN1 silencing rescue, ERK1/2 pathway and CXCL antibody blockade

    PMID:40513941

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct deubiquitination of CNN1 by USP48 not demonstrated by in vitro reconstitution
    • Whether CNN1 is expressed endogenously in cardiomyocytes or only under stress is not established
    • Mechanism linking CNN1 to ERK1/2 inactivation not defined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the structural basis of CNN1's actin-binding and ATPase-inhibitory activity, the identity of CNN1 phosphorylation sites in vivo, how CNN1 toggles between tumor-suppressive (epithelial-autonomous) and tumor-promoting (CAF-mediated) roles, and whether its newly described cardiac and endothelial functions represent de novo expression or re-activation of a latent smooth muscle program.
  • No high-resolution structure of CNN1 bound to actin
  • In vivo phosphosite mapping not performed
  • Context-dependent tumor suppressor versus promoter mechanism unexplained

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 3 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 2 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 3 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 5 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4 R-HSA-397014 Muscle contraction 3
Partners
ACTA2KDM6AMAPK1PDLIM7PRKCЕPRKG1USP48
Complex memberships
cGMP kinase I signaling complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 17 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1988 Calponin was purified from bovine aortic smooth muscle as a novel troponin T-like protein that binds actin, tropomyosin, and calmodulin. It was identified as a component of the smooth muscle thin filament with potential regulatory roles in the contractile apparatus. Protein purification, SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing, calmodulin-binding assay, tropomyosin-binding assay, immunological cross-reactivity with troponin T Hypertension High 2455687
1990 Calponin (CNN1) inhibits actin-activated myosin MgATPase activity in a reconstituted smooth muscle contractile system. Inhibition requires calponin–actin interaction (not calponin–tropomyosin interaction) and is independent of Ca2+ or myosin phosphorylation state. Phosphorylation of calponin by protein kinase C or Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II abolishes ATPase inhibition and greatly reduces actin binding, while calmodulin- and tropomyosin-binding capabilities are retained. Reconstituted actomyosin ATPase assay, in vitro phosphorylation by PKC and CaM-kinase II, actin-binding assay, calmodulin-binding assay, tropomyosin-binding assay The Journal of Biological Chemistry High 2161834
1995 Human basic calponin (CNN1) cDNA was cloned from human aorta, encoding 297 amino acids (33,169 Da). CNN1 mRNA is expressed exclusively in smooth muscle tissues. The CNN1 gene localizes to chromosome 19p13.1–13.2 by fluorescent in situ hybridization. cDNA cloning, RT-PCR tissue expression profiling, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications High 8526917
1997 In differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells, calponin co-immunoprecipitates with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and with protein kinase C-epsilon (PKC-ε). An overlay assay confirmed direct interaction between MAPK and calponin, though MAPK does not phosphorylate calponin in vitro. During phenylephrine stimulation, calponin redistributes to the cell membrane coincident with MAPK and PKC-ε membrane targeting, suggesting calponin acts as an adapter/scaffold linking these kinases to the plasma membrane. Co-immunoprecipitation, overlay assay, in vitro kinase assay, high-resolution digital confocal microscopy The Journal of Biological Chemistry Medium 9312127
2003 Calponin H1 (CNN1) is a component of a cGMP kinase signaling complex in tracheal smooth muscle membranes, co-immunoprecipitating with IP3 receptor I, IRAG, cGMP kinase I, alpha-actin, and phospholamban. The complex was validated by mutual co-immunoprecipitation using antibodies to each member protein. Protein complex purification, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, MS/MS sequencing, immunoprecipitation with multiple antibodies, Western blotting Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Medium 12480535
2011 CNN1 overexpression suppresses neointimal formation following arterial injury in transgenic mice. A single intronic CArG element (serum response factor binding site) is necessary but insufficient for correct smooth muscle cell-restricted expression of CNN1 in vivo; deletion of orthologous intronic sequences abolishes endogenous Cnn1 promoter activity. Transgenic mouse model (BAC transgenics), BAC recombineering with CArG element mutations, femoral artery injury model, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, lacZ reporter assay Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology High 21817093
2015 XBP1s (spliced XBP1) decreases CNN1 expression in smooth muscle cells by directing transcription of miR-1274B, which targets CNN1 mRNA for degradation, thereby promoting SMC proliferation. TGF-β3 (but not TGF-β1 or TGF-β2) attenuates XBP1s-induced CNN1 decrease and SMC proliferation. XBP1 deficiency in SMCs abrogates neointimal formation in vivo. SMC knockdown/overexpression, miRNA target validation, femoral artery injury mouse model, proteomic analysis of culture media, RT-PCR, Western blotting Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology Medium 26315405
2016 CNN1 (calponin 1) is specifically expressed in smooth muscle cells and functions to inhibit actin-activated myosin ATPase and stabilize the actin cytoskeleton, fine-tuning smooth muscle contractility. Phosphorylation regulates CNN1 function. The CNN1 gene is one of three vertebrate calponin isoform genes, with smooth muscle-restricted expression. Review synthesizing in vitro ATPase assays, phosphorylation studies, expression profiling, and cytoskeletal analyses from multiple studies Gene High 26970176
2020 miR-106b-5p directly binds to the CNN1 mRNA 3'UTR (validated by dual-luciferase assay) and suppresses CNN1 expression, activating the Rho/ROCK1 signaling pathway to promote breast cancer cell survival, migration, invasion, adhesion, and in vivo lung metastasis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, CNN1 overexpression/knockdown in breast cancer cell lines, cell viability/migration/invasion/adhesion assays, in vivo lung metastasis assay, transcript half-life assay, Rho/ROCK1 inhibition assay Aging Medium 31986487
2020 LINC00337 recruits DNMT1 to the promoter region of CNN1, causing hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing of CNN1 in colorectal cancer. Reduced CNN1 expression promotes CRC cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and tumor angiogenesis (VEGF upregulation), whereas CNN1 overexpression suppresses these phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP), methylation-specific PCR (MSP), loss/gain-of-function experiments, MTT assay, Transwell assay, tube formation assay, nude mouse xenograft, DNMT1 recruitment ChIP-like assay Cancer Gene Therapy Medium 33328585
2021 CNN1 overexpression in lung squamous cell carcinoma cells activates TIMP2 expression and inhibits the DKK1/Wnt/β-catenin/c-myc signaling pathway, suppressing invasion, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Inhibition of DKK1 reverses these CNN1-mediated effects, restoring β-catenin and c-myc expression. CNN1 transient overexpression, GEPIA database correlation analysis, wound healing assay, Transwell invasion assay, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine Low 34178128
2022 CNN1 in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) interacts with PDZ and LIM Domain 7 (PDLIM7) and prevents its degradation by the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1, stabilizing PDLIM7 and thereby activating the ROCK1/MLC pathway. This increases matrix stiffness (CAF contraction), which in turn activates YAP in adjacent gastric cancer cells to confer 5-fluorouracil resistance. Co-immunoprecipitation, CAF knockdown in 3D culture and mouse GC model, atomic force microscopy for matrix stiffness, NEDD4-1 ubiquitination assay, YAP activity readout Matrix Biology Medium 36423735
2022 CNN1 overexpression in bladder cancer cells suppresses glycolysis by decreasing protein levels of GLUT1, PKM2, and LDHA, with concomitant reduction of HIF-1α and PDK1 mRNA and protein levels, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo. CNN1 overexpression in BC cell lines, CCK8 proliferation assay, Transwell assay, Western blotting, RT-PCR, glucose uptake/lactate secretion/ATP level kits, nude mouse xenograft, immunohistochemistry Frontiers in Oncology Low 35903683
2024 UTX (Kdm6a/lysine demethylase 6A) forms an epigenetic regulatory axis by binding to CNN1, orchestrating trauma-induced senescence of spinal cord microvascular endothelial cells (SCMECs) and their senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). UTX upregulation after spinal cord injury induces CNN1-dependent SCMEC senescence and proinflammatory SASP release; UTX deletion protects SCMECs against senescence and promotes neurological recovery. Spinal cord injury mouse model, endothelial cell-specific UTX deletion, UTX overexpression, binding assay (UTX–CNN1 interaction), senescence markers, SASP cytokine profiling, functional neurological recovery assessment, senolytic drug delivery Bone Research Medium 38528029
2024 lncRNA MEG3 acts as a ceRNA (competing endogenous RNA) by directly binding miR-330, preventing miR-330 from suppressing CNN1 expression in breast cancer. Overexpression of MEG3 inhibits breast cancer cell viability, migration, invasion, and promotes apoptosis; these effects are reversed by miR-330 mimic, which decreases CNN1 levels. Validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), CNN1/MEG3 overexpression/knockdown, cell viability, migration/invasion assays, flow cytometry for apoptosis and cell cycle Aging Medium 38240701
2024 CNN1 knockdown by siRNA in chicken (Ross 708 and Randombred) breast muscle satellite cells reduces proliferation, affects differentiation, and decreases lipid accumulation during differentiation, demonstrating a functional role for CNN1 in satellite cell-mediated muscle growth and regeneration. siRNA knockdown of CNN1, satellite cell isolation, proliferation assay, differentiation assay, lipid accumulation assay Poultry Science Low 38669818
2025 USP48 (ubiquitin-specific protease 48) stabilizes and upregulates CNN1 protein in cardiomyocytes; CNN1 silencing abrogates the cardioprotective effects of USP48. The USP48/CNN1 axis inhibits release of CXCL1 and CXCL2 by inactivating the ERK1/2 pathway, protecting against diabetes-aggravated myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cardiac-specific USP48 knockout and overexpression mouse models (STZ-induced diabetic), proteomics, RNA sequencing, CNN1 silencing rescue experiments, ERK1/2 pathway analysis, CXCL1/2 antibody blockade, infarct size measurement, mitochondrial damage assessment Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental Medium 40513941

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 66 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
1996 Alternative neural crest cell fates are instructively promoted by TGFbeta superfamily members. Cell 676 8616889
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
1994 Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. Gene 492 8125298
2011 Analysis of the myosin-II-responsive focal adhesion proteome reveals a role for β-Pix in negative regulation of focal adhesion maturation. Nature cell biology 490 21423176
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2015 Panorama of ancient metazoan macromolecular complexes. Nature 407 26344197
1990 Smooth muscle calponin. Inhibition of actomyosin MgATPase and regulation by phosphorylation. The Journal of biological chemistry 374 2161834
1999 Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators. Molecular cell 353 10198638
2013 Loci associated with N-glycosylation of human immunoglobulin G show pleiotropy with autoimmune diseases and haematological cancers. PLoS genetics 292 23382691
2000 Involvement of the TRAP220 component of the TRAP/SMCC coactivator complex in embryonic development and thyroid hormone action. Molecular cell 250 10882104
1999 A novel human SRB/MED-containing cofactor complex, SMCC, involved in transcription regulation. Molecular cell 232 10024883
2007 hORFeome v3.1: a resource of human open reading frames representing over 10,000 human genes. Genomics 222 17207965
2001 The TRAP/SMCC/Mediator complex and thyroid hormone receptor function. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM 209 11306338
1988 Vascular smooth muscle calponin. A novel troponin T-like protein. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 195 2455687
2009 Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip. American journal of human genetics 164 19913121
2016 Calponin isoforms CNN1, CNN2 and CNN3: Regulators for actin cytoskeleton functions in smooth muscle and non-muscle cells. Gene 144 26970176
1997 Calponin and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in differentiated vascular smooth muscle. The Journal of biological chemistry 119 9312127
2000 The USA-derived transcriptional coactivator PC2 is a submodule of TRAP/SMCC and acts synergistically with other PCs. Molecular cell 111 10882111
2012 Cnn1 inhibits the interactions between the KMN complexes of the yeast kinetochore. Nature cell biology 90 22561345
2016 Pooled-matrix protein interaction screens using Barcode Fusion Genetics. Molecular systems biology 89 27107012
2002 TRAP/SMCC/mediator-dependent transcriptional activation from DNA and chromatin templates by orphan nuclear receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4. Molecular and cellular biology 89 12101254
2022 SARS-CoV-2 N Protein Antagonizes Stress Granule Assembly and IFN Production by Interacting with G3BPs to Facilitate Viral Replication. Journal of virology 75 35652658
2020 miR-106b-5p contributes to the lung metastasis of breast cancer via targeting CNN1 and regulating Rho/ROCK1 pathway. Aging 73 31986487
2015 Myoepithelial cell differentiation markers in ductal carcinoma in situ progression. The American journal of pathology 57 26343330
2022 Calponin 1 increases cancer-associated fibroblasts-mediated matrix stiffness to promote chemoresistance in gastric cancer. Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 52 36423735
1998 Expression of the smooth muscle calponin gene in human osteosarcoma and its possible association with prognosis. International journal of cancer 42 9645345
2015 XBP 1-Deficiency Abrogates Neointimal Lesion of Injured Vessels Via Cross Talk With the PDGF Signaling. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 40 26315405
1995 Molecular cloning and gene mapping of human basic and acidic calponins. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 39 8526917
2003 Association of phospholamban with a cGMP kinase signaling complex. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 38 12480535
1997 Tissue distribution and metabolism of the [32P]-labeled oligodeoxynucleoside methylphosphonate-neoglycopeptide conjugate, [YEE(ah-GalNAc)3]-SMCC-AET-pUmpT7, in the mouse. Antisense & nucleic acid drug development 34 9212904
2011 Smooth muscle calponin: an unconventional CArG-dependent gene that antagonizes neointimal formation. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 30 21817093
2020 LINC00337 promotes tumor angiogenesis in colorectal cancer by recruiting DNMT1, which suppresses the expression of CNN1. Cancer gene therapy 29 33328585
1997 The presence of h2-calponin in human keratinocyte. Journal of dermatological science 29 9049805
2010 Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study. Diabetes care 28 20628086
2023 Multiplexed kinase interactome profiling quantifies cellular network activity and plasticity. Molecular cell 27 36736316
2002 Expression of smooth muscle calponin in tumor vessels of human hepatocellular carcinoma and its possible association with prognosis. Cancer 27 11920541
2007 The calponin homology domain of Vav1 associates with calmodulin and is prerequisite to T cell antigen receptor-induced calcium release in Jurkat T lymphocytes. The Journal of biological chemistry 26 17550897
2015 Delivery of PUMA Apoptosis Gene Using Polyethyleneimine-SMCC-TAT/DNA Nanoparticles: Biophysical Characterization and In Vitro Transfection Into Malignant Melanoma Cells. Journal of biomedical nanotechnology 24 26502640
2020 Long non-coding RNA GAS5 overexpression inhibits M2-like polarization of tumour-associated macrophages in SMCC-7721 cells by promoting PTEN expression. International journal of experimental pathology 23 33146930
2009 Calponin is expressed in serous cystadenomas of the pancreas but not in adenocarcinomas or endocrine tumors. Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM 23 19391217
2021 CNN1 regulates the DKK1/Wnt/β-catenin/c-myc signaling pathway by activating TIMP2 to inhibit the invasion, migration and EMT of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 22 34178128
2020 The Structural Basis for Kinetochore Stabilization by Cnn1/CENP-T. Current biology : CB 16 32679099
2014 AFM-based study of fullerenol (C60(OH)24)-induced changes of elasticity in living SMCC-7721 cells. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials 16 25682196
2015 Establishment of N-succinimidyl 4-(maleimidomethyl) cyclohexanecarboxylate (SMCC) modified biochip enabling concurrent detection of serum infectious antibodies in neuroborreliosis. Biosensors & bioelectronics 15 26655180
2015 The Mps1 kinase modulates the recruitment and activity of Cnn1(CENP-T) at Saccharomyces cerevisiae kinetochores. Genetics 14 25716979
2022 CNN1 Represses Bladder Cancer Progression and Metabolic Reprogramming by Modulating HIF-1α Signaling Pathway. Frontiers in oncology 13 35903683
2024 Kdm6a-CNN1 axis orchestrates epigenetic control of trauma-induced spinal cord microvascular endothelial cell senescence to balance neuroinflammation for improved neurological repair. Bone research 10 38528029
2022 1,4-Naphthoquinone (CNN1) Induces Apoptosis through DNA Damage and Promotes Upregulation of H2AFX in Leukemia Multidrug Resistant Cell Line. International journal of molecular sciences 10 35897681
2017 Improved performance of collagen scaffolds crosslinked by Traut's reagent and Sulfo-SMCC. Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition 10 28277011
2014 [Effect of miR-30a-5p on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of SMCC-7721 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells]. Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology 8 25654285
2005 Direct proteomic mapping of Streptomyces Luteogriseus Strain 103 and cnn1 and insights into antibiotic biosynthesis. Journal of proteome research 8 16335944
2015 Potent antigen-specific immune response induced by infusion of spleen cells coupled with succinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl cyclohexane)-1-carboxylate (SMCC) conjugated antigens. International immunopharmacology 7 26735611
2021 Simple and Rapid LC-MS/MS Methods for Quantifying Catabolites of Antibody-Drug Conjugates with SMCC Linker. Journal of chromatographic science 5 33420505
2021 Effect of trypsin concentration on living SMCC-7721 cells studied by atomic force microscopy. Journal of microscopy 5 34350998
2024 Long non-coding RNA MEG3 acts as a suppressor in breast cancer by regulating miR-330/CNN1. Aging 4 38240701
2026 SMCC: A Novel Clustering Method for Single- and Multi-Omics Data Based on Co-Regularized Network Fusion. IEEE transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics 3 38215334
2024 Research Note: Chicken breast muscle satellite cell function: effect of expression of CNN1 and PHRF1. Poultry science 3 38669818
2022 Bombyx batryticatus Cocoonase Inhibitor Separation, Purification, and Inhibitory Effect on the Proliferation of SMCC-7721 HeLa-Derived Cells. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 3 35747381
2025 USP48 protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by stabilizing and upregulating CNN1 in type 1 diabetes mice. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 1 40513941
2025 Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction mediated upregulation of CNN1 induces ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells by regulating p53-related SLC7A11 expression. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1 40602187
2019 c[RGDyk]-coated liposomes loaded with adriamycin and miR-21 mimics inhibit the growth of hepatoma cell line SMCC-7721 via up-regulating Bax and p53. Translational cancer research 1 35116873
2015 [Effect of IFN-α on hepatic cancer SMCC-7721 cell via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and related mechanism research]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 1 26814075
2026 5'-NucA-SMCC-DM1 and 5'-NucA-SPDMV-DM1 are Potent Aptamer-Drug Conjugates against Pancreatic Cancer. ACS omega 0 41768714