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Showing FLVCR2 — CCT is a alias.

FLVCR2

Choline/ethanolamine transporter FLVCR2 · UniProt Q9UPI3

Length
526 aa
Mass
57.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 9 papers cited in narrative 9 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

FLVCR2 (MFSD7C/SLC49A2) is a multi-pass major facilitator superfamily transporter that governs choline supply to the brain and is essential for cerebral angiogenesis (PMID:38693257, PMID:32369453). It is the principal blood-brain barrier choline importer: cryo-EM structures captured in inward- and outward-facing states show choline bound within an aromatic cage, and in vivo and in vitro assays confirm FLVCR2-mediated choline uptake (PMID:38693257). Transport is facilitative and electrogenic, enhanced by downstream choline-metabolizing enzymes, and functionally conserved to the extent that FLVCR2 complements the yeast choline importer HNM1; beyond import from blood, it also mediates export of lysophosphatidylcholine-derived choline, such that endothelial loss paradoxically raises brain choline (PMID:38302740). The same transporter binds heme and was independently characterized as a heme importer whose overexpression sensitizes cells to heme toxicity (PMID:20823265), and at the mitochondrion heme binding to its N-terminal domain triggers dissociation from electron transport chain complexes III/IV/V and stabilization of SERCA2b, switching respiration from ATP synthesis toward thermogenesis (PMID:32973183). FLVCR2 is required for endothelial tip-cell formation and angiogenic sprouting in the CNS but dispensable for blood-brain barrier maintenance; its loss produces glomeruloid vascular malformations, brain hypovascularization, hypoxia, and hydrocephalus (PMID:32369453, PMID:32369449). Loss-of-function mutations in FLVCR2 cause autosomal recessive, prenatally lethal Fowler syndrome (proliferative vasculopathy with hydranencephaly-hydrocephaly), and patient missense mutations abolish or reduce choline transport activity (PMID:20206334, PMID:38302740). FLVCR2 also serves as a cell-surface entry receptor for FY981 feline leukemia virus (PMID:19369334).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 6 steps
  1. 2009 Medium

    Identification of FLVCR2 as a functional receptor answered what cell-surface molecule mediates FY981 FeLV entry, distinguishing it from the related FLVCR1.

    Evidence Pseudotype virus infection and functional complementation across resistant and permissive cell lines

    PMID:19369334

    Open questions at the time
    • Receptor role inferred from infection phenotype without direct virus-protein binding reconstitution
    • Relationship between viral receptor function and physiological transport activity not addressed
  2. 2010 High

    Demonstrating heme binding and heme uptake established a biochemical transport activity for FLVCR2, framing it as a heme importer.

    Evidence Hemin-agarose pulldown with free-hemin competition, radiolabeled heme uptake in Xenopus oocytes and mammalian cells, siRNA knockdown, and FeLV envelope competition

    PMID:20823265

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not establish the physiological substrate in vivo
    • Direction and tissue context of heme transport not resolved
    • Relationship of heme handling to later-identified choline transport unclear
  3. 2010 Medium

    Genetic mapping in consanguineous families answered whether FLVCR2 is a disease gene, establishing it as the cause of Fowler syndrome and linking it to brain vascular development.

    Evidence Autozygosity mapping, targeted/high-throughput sequencing, and fetal brain immunostaining across multiple families

    PMID:20206334 PMID:20690116

    Open questions at the time
    • Disease mechanism inferred genetically rather than reconstituted
    • Pericyte/smooth-muscle-actin deficit was an observed correlate, not experimentally manipulated
    • How loss of transport activity produces vasculopathy unaddressed
  4. 2020 High

    Conditional and global knockout mice answered where FLVCR2 acts in the vasculature, showing it is required for endothelial tip-cell formation and CNS angiogenic sprouting but not for blood-brain barrier maintenance, and that loss recapitulates the human glomeruloid vasculopathy.

    Evidence Conditional and global Flvcr2/Mfsd7c knockout mice with vascular morphology, tip-cell markers, transcriptomics, hypoxia staining, and BBB integrity assays

    PMID:32369449 PMID:32369453

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular substrate driving the angiogenic phenotype not defined
    • Mechanism linking transporter activity to tip-cell gene expression unknown
  5. 2020 High

    Mechanistic dissection at the mitochondrion answered how heme regulates FLVCR2, revealing a heme-triggered conformational switch that uncouples respiration toward thermogenesis.

    Evidence Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation with ETC complexes III/IV/V, N-terminal-domain heme-binding assays, SERCA2b stability assays, and ATP-versus-heat functional readouts

    PMID:32973183

    Open questions at the time
    • How mitochondrial thermogenic role integrates with plasma-membrane transport function not reconciled
    • Physiological relevance to brain vascular phenotype not established
  6. 2024 High

    Cryo-EM structures and functional validation answered the molecular identity of FLVCR2's principal physiological substrate, defining it as the blood-brain barrier choline transporter and resolving the choline-binding aromatic cage in two conformational states.

    Evidence Cryo-EM in inward- and outward-facing states, in vivo mouse choline uptake, in vitro transport assays, patch-clamp electrophysiology, stable-isotope tracing, metabolomics, endothelial-specific KO, yeast HNM1 complementation, and patient-mutation testing

    PMID:38302740 PMID:38693257

    Open questions at the time
    • How choline transport mechanistically drives angiogenic sprouting not resolved
    • Relationship between choline transport and the separately reported heme functions unintegrated
    • Energetic coupling of the facilitative/electrogenic cycle only partly defined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • It remains unknown how FLVCR2's choline transport, heme handling, and mitochondrial thermogenic activities are mechanistically reconciled within one protein, and how transport activity is causally linked to endothelial tip-cell behavior and Fowler syndrome pathology.
  • No unified model connecting substrate transport to the angiogenic and disease phenotypes
  • Subcellular partitioning between plasma membrane and mitochondrion not defined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005215 transporter activity 3 GO:0008289 lipid binding 2 GO:0001618 virus receptor activity 1 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 1
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 2 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 2 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 2 R-HSA-382551 Transport of small molecules 2 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 1
Partners
SERCA2B

Evidence

Reading pass · 9 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2010 FLVCR2 functions as an importer of heme: it binds hemin-conjugated agarose (competed by free hemin), and mammalian cells and Xenopus oocytes expressing FLVCR2 display enhanced heme uptake. siRNA knockdown of FLVCR2 or binding of FY981 FeLV envelope protein to FLVCR2 reduces heme import. Cells overexpressing FLVCR2 show increased sensitivity to heme toxicity consistent with enhanced uptake. Hemin-agarose pulldown, heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes and mammalian cells with radiolabeled heme uptake assays, siRNA knockdown, retroviral envelope competition Molecular and cellular biology High 20823265
2009 FLVCR2 functions as a cell-surface receptor for the FY981 feline leukemia virus (FeLV), enabling viral infection of porcine ST-IOWA cells that are resistant to both FeLV-A and FeLV-C; FLVCR2 is distinct from but related to FLVCR1. Pseudotype virus infection assays across multiple cell lines; receptor identification by functional complementation and competition Journal of virology Medium 19369334
2010 Loss-of-function mutations in FLVCR2 cause Fowler syndrome (proliferative vasculopathy and hydranencephaly-hydrocephaly syndrome), an autosomal recessive prenatal lethal disorder; five distinct germline mutations identified by autozygosity mapping and direct sequencing in five families, establishing FLVCR2 as the causative gene. Autozygosity mapping (SNP microarray), microsatellite genotyping, direct sequencing of candidate genes in consanguineous families American journal of human genetics Medium 20206334
2010 FLVCR2 mutations (including a large deletion) were identified in lethal cerebral vasculopathy (Fowler syndrome/PGV); absence of alpha-smooth muscle actin immunostaining in abnormal fetal PGV brain vessels suggests a deficit in pericytes essential for capillary stabilization during brain angiogenesis. High-throughput sequencing of a 4.1 Mb linkage interval after sequence capture; immunostaining of fetal brain tissue Human mutation Medium 20690116
2020 MFSD7C (FLVCR2) uncouples mitochondrial respiration to switch ATP synthesis to thermogenesis in response to heme. When heme levels are low, MFSD7C promotes ATP synthesis by interacting with components of electron transport chain (ETC) complexes III, IV, and V and destabilizing SERCA2b. Upon heme binding to the N-terminal domain, MFSD7C dissociates from ETC components and SERCA2b, resulting in SERCA2b stabilization and thermogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation with ETC components, heme-binding assays to N-terminal domain, functional measurement of ATP synthesis vs. thermogenesis, SERCA2b stability assays, loss-of-function studies Nature communications High 32973183
2020 Flvcr2 (Mfsd7c) is required for angiogenic sprouting in the brain but is dispensable for blood-brain barrier maintenance. Endothelial cells lacking Flvcr2 fail to adopt tip cell properties, show altered expression of angiogenic factors, and display reduced sprouting, leading to glomeruloid vascular malformations, brain hypovascularization, hypoxia, and hydrocephalus in mice. Conditional and global Flvcr2 knockout mice; analysis of vascular morphology, tip cell markers, angiogenic factor expression, BBB integrity assays, histology The Journal of clinical investigation High 32369453
2020 Global knockout of Mfsd7c (FLVCR2) in mice results in late-gestation lethality with inhibited angiogenic growth of CNS blood vessels, dilated and fused vascular tips forming glomeruloid vessels, reduced cerebral cortical layers, enlarged ventricles, and microcephaly; transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of genes in glycolysis and angiogenesis pathways, and brain hypoxia with neuronal cell death. Global Mfsd7c knockout mice; histology, transcriptomics, hypoxia marker staining, comparison with human FLVCR2 mutation phenotypes The Journal of clinical investigation High 32369449
2024 FLVCR2 is a blood-brain barrier choline transporter responsible for the majority of choline uptake into the brain. Cryo-EM structures of choline-bound FLVCR2 in both inward-facing and outward-facing states reveal that choline binds within an aromatic cage. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirm FLVCR2-mediated choline import at the BBB. Cryo-EM structure determination (inward- and outward-facing states), in vivo choline uptake studies in mice, in vitro transport assays, aromatic cage identification by structural analysis Nature High 38693257
2024 MFSD7c (FLVCR2) functions as a facilitative choline transporter at the blood-brain barrier; choline uptake is electrogenic (shown by patch clamp), greatly enhanced by choline-metabolizing enzymes, and conserved in vertebrates but not yeast. MFSD7c is a functional ortholog of the yeast choline importer HNM1. Missense mutations from Fowler syndrome patients abolish or reduce choline transport activity. Endothelial-specific KO suppresses exogenous choline import from blood but paradoxically increases brain choline levels via impaired export of choline derived from lysophosphatidylcholine. Cell-based choline uptake assays, metabolomics of Mfsd7c-/- embryo brains and livers, single-cell patch clamp electrophysiology, stable-isotope tracing, endothelial-specific KO mice, functional complementation of yeast HNM1 mutant, patient mutation functional analysis Cell research High 38302740

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2000 Eukaryotic chaperonin CCT stabilizes actin and tubulin folding intermediates in open quasi-native conformations. The EMBO journal 182 11080144
2002 Structure and function of a protein folding machine: the eukaryotic cytosolic chaperonin CCT. FEBS letters 173 12354605
2008 The interaction network of the chaperonin CCT. The EMBO journal 172 18511909
2003 The CCT chaperonin promotes activation of the anaphase-promoting complex through the generation of functional Cdc20. Molecular cell 170 12887895
1991 Apical maxi K channels in intercalated cells of CCT. The American journal of physiology 141 1928381
2008 Activities of the chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT): implications for cell cycle progression and cytoskeletal organisation. Cell stress & chaperones 131 18595008
2013 Interaction of p53 with the CCT complex promotes protein folding and wild-type p53 activity. Molecular cell 124 23747015
2001 Review: cellular substrates of the eukaryotic chaperonin TRiC/CCT. Journal of structural biology 119 11580267
2006 Substantial CCT activity is required for cell cycle progression and cytoskeletal organization in mammalian cells. Experimental cell research 112 16765944
2019 The Chaperonin TRiC/CCT Associates with Prefoldin through a Conserved Electrostatic Interface Essential for Cellular Proteostasis. Cell 111 30955883
2010 The Fowler syndrome-associated protein FLVCR2 is an importer of heme. Molecular and cellular biology 111 20823265
2016 CCT complex restricts neuropathogenic protein aggregation via autophagy. Nature communications 106 27929117
2000 Protein folding: versatility of the cytosolic chaperonin TRiC/CCT. Current biology : CB 106 10753735
2020 The Molecular Chaperone CCT/TRiC: An Essential Component of Proteostasis and a Potential Modulator of Protein Aggregation. Frontiers in genetics 96 32265978
2019 Nascent Polypeptide Domain Topology and Elongation Rate Direct the Cotranslational Hierarchy of Hsp70 and TRiC/CCT. Molecular cell 96 31400849
1996 Review: the Cct eukaryotic chaperonin subunits of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other yeasts. Yeast (Chichester, England) 96 8771707
2014 Modulation of STAT3 folding and function by TRiC/CCT chaperonin. PLoS biology 86 24756126
2011 The crystal structure of yeast CCT reveals intrinsic asymmetry of eukaryotic cytosolic chaperonins. The EMBO journal 82 21701561
2018 The role of the molecular chaperone CCT in protein folding and mediation of cytoskeleton-associated processes: implications for cancer cell biology. Cell stress & chaperones 80 30506376
2001 Increased expression of cytosolic chaperonin CCT in human hepatocellular and colonic carcinoma. Cell stress & chaperones 77 11795471
2000 Origin and evolution of eukaryotic chaperonins: phylogenetic evidence for ancient duplications in CCT genes. Molecular biology and evolution 74 11018153
2019 The ATP-powered gymnastics of TRiC/CCT: an asymmetric protein folding machine with a symmetric origin story. Current opinion in structural biology 73 30978594
2015 Contribution of the Type II Chaperonin, TRiC/CCT, to Oncogenesis. International journal of molecular sciences 73 26561808
2020 Structural Insight into DNA Recognition by CCT/NF-YB/YC Complexes in Plant Photoperiodic Flowering. The Plant cell 71 32843433
2019 Structural and functional analysis of the role of the chaperonin CCT in mTOR complex assembly. Nature communications 66 31253771
2006 PhLP3 modulates CCT-mediated actin and tubulin folding via ternary complexes with substrates. The Journal of biological chemistry 65 16415341
2015 Membrane lipid compositional sensing by the inducible amphipathic helix of CCT. Biochimica et biophysica acta 63 26747646
2013 GroEL and CCT are catalytic unfoldases mediating out-of-cage polypeptide refolding without ATP. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 63 23584019
2005 CCT chaperonin complex is required for the biogenesis of functional Plk1. Molecular and cellular biology 63 15923617
2013 The cytosolic chaperonin CCT/TRiC and cancer cell proliferation. PloS one 60 23613750
2009 Subunits of the chaperonin CCT interact with F-actin and influence cell shape and cytoskeletal assembly. Experimental cell research 60 19913534
2010 Mutations in FLVCR2 are associated with proliferative vasculopathy and hydranencephaly-hydrocephaly syndrome (Fowler syndrome). American journal of human genetics 59 20206334
2022 Structural visualization of the tubulin folding pathway directed by human chaperonin TRiC/CCT. Cell 58 36493755
2001 Analysis of the interaction between the eukaryotic chaperonin CCT and its substrates actin and tubulin. Journal of structural biology 57 11580270
2021 mTORC1-chaperonin CCT signaling regulates m6A RNA methylation to suppress autophagy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 56 33649236
2006 Role of the chaperonin CCT/TRiC complex in G protein betagamma-dimer assembly. The Journal of biological chemistry 56 16702223
2017 The chaperonin CCT inhibits assembly of α-synuclein amyloid fibrils by a specific, conformation-dependent interaction. Scientific reports 55 28102321
2015 Three CCT domain-containing genes were identified to regulate heading date by candidate gene-based association mapping and transformation in rice. Scientific reports 55 25563494
2018 The substrate specificity of eukaryotic cytosolic chaperonin CCT. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 53 29735743
2004 Structure of the complex between the cytosolic chaperonin CCT and phosducin-like protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 52 15583139
1999 Structures and co-regulated expression of the genes encoding mouse cytosolic chaperonin CCT subunits. European journal of biochemistry 52 10336634
2015 Structures of the Gβ-CCT and PhLP1-Gβ-CCT complexes reveal a mechanism for G-protein β-subunit folding and Gβγ dimer assembly. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 45 25675501
2002 Function and regulation of cytosolic molecular chaperone CCT. Vitamins and hormones 45 12481552
2018 Chaperonin CCT checkpoint function in basal transcription factor TFIID assembly. Nature structural & molecular biology 43 30510221
2019 TRiC/CCT Chaperonin: Structure and Function. Sub-cellular biochemistry 42 31939165
2020 CCT domain-containing genes in cereal crops: flowering time and beyond. TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik 41 32006055
2017 Role of CCT chaperonin in the disassembly of mitotic checkpoint complexes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 41 28096334
2021 Genome-wide characterization and analysis of the CCT motif family genes in soybean (Glycine max). Planta 40 33392793
2014 The molecular chaperone TRiC/CCT binds to the Trp-Asp 40 (WD40) repeat protein WDR68 and promotes its folding, protein kinase DYRK1A binding, and nuclear accumulation. The Journal of biological chemistry 37 25342745
2022 Ginkgolide B targets and inhibits creatine kinase B to regulate the CCT/TRiC-SK1 axis and exerts pro-angiogenic activity in middle cerebral artery occlusion mice. Pharmacological research 36 35513225
2020 MFSD7C switches mitochondrial ATP synthesis to thermogenesis in response to heme. Nature communications 36 32973183
2005 Physiological effects of unassembled chaperonin Cct subunits in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast (Chichester, England) 36 15704212
2024 Structural and molecular basis of choline uptake into the brain by FLVCR2. Nature 34 38693257
2011 Functional Subunits of Eukaryotic Chaperonin CCT/TRiC in Protein Folding. Journal of amino acids 34 22312474
2019 TRiC/CCT chaperonins are essential for organ growth by interacting with insulin/TOR signaling in Drosophila. Oncogene 33 30792539
2020 Global analysis of CCT family knockout mutants identifies four genes involved in regulating heading date in rice. Journal of integrative plant biology 32 32889758
2017 Structure of the human TRiC/CCT Subunit 5 associated with hereditary sensory neuropathy. Scientific reports 32 28623285
2015 Critical role of the SPAK protein kinase CCT domain in controlling blood pressure. Human molecular genetics 32 25994507
2021 Structural and functional dissection of reovirus capsid folding and assembly by the prefoldin-TRiC/CCT chaperone network. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 31 33836586
2020 The chaperonin CCT controls T cell receptor-driven 3D configuration of centrioles. Science advances 30 33268369
2013 Programmed cell death protein 5 interacts with the cytosolic chaperonin containing tailless complex polypeptide 1 (CCT) to regulate β-tubulin folding. The Journal of biological chemistry 30 24375412
2020 The TRiC/CCT Chaperonin and Its Role in Uncontrolled Proliferation. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 28 32297209
2009 Identification of a feline leukemia virus variant that can use THTR1, FLVCR1, and FLVCR2 for infection. Journal of virology 28 19369334
2015 Vaccinia-Related Kinase 2 Controls the Stability of the Eukaryotic Chaperonin TRiC/CCT by Inhibiting the Deubiquitinating Enzyme USP25. Molecular and cellular biology 27 25755282
2010 High-throughput sequencing of a 4.1 Mb linkage interval reveals FLVCR2 deletions and mutations in lethal cerebral vasculopathy. Human mutation 27 20690116
2002 The eukaryote chaperonin CCT is a cold shock protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cell stress & chaperones 27 11892987
2018 Interactions between monomeric CCTδ and p150Glued: A novel function for CCTδ at the cell periphery distinct from the protein folding activity of the molecular chaperone CCT. Experimental cell research 26 29913154
2015 Chaperonin TRiC/CCT Modulates the Folding and Activity of Leukemogenic Fusion Oncoprotein AML1-ETO. The Journal of biological chemistry 26 26706127
2021 Chaperonin-Containing TCP1 Complex (CCT) Promotes Breast Cancer Growth Through Correlations With Key Cell Cycle Regulators. Frontiers in oncology 25 33996588
2020 Lack of Flvcr2 impairs brain angiogenesis without affecting the blood-brain barrier. The Journal of clinical investigation 25 32369453
2020 Upregulation of CCT-3 Induces Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation Through miR-223 Competition and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Activation. Frontiers in oncology 25 33072568
2020 Deficiency of MFSD7c results in microcephaly-associated vasculopathy in Fowler syndrome. The Journal of clinical investigation 24 32369449
2010 Interactions between the actin filament capping and severing protein gelsolin and the molecular chaperone CCT: evidence for nonclassical substrate interactions. Cell stress & chaperones 23 20890741
2023 Pathway and mechanism of tubulin folding mediated by TRiC/CCT along its ATPase cycle revealed using cryo-EM. Communications biology 22 37193829
2018 The CCT chaperonin is a novel regulator of Ca2+ signaling through modulation of Orai1 trafficking. Science advances 22 30263962
2018 The chaperonin TRiC/CCT is essential for the action of bacterial glycosylating protein toxins like Clostridium difficile toxins A and B. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 21 30181275
2017 TRiC/CCT chaperonins are essential for maintaining myofibril organization, cardiac physiological rhythm, and lifespan. FEBS letters 21 28963798
2015 Mutations in FLVCR2 associated with Fowler syndrome and survival beyond infancy. Clinical genetics 21 25677735
2012 Targeting β-tubulin:CCT-β complexes incurs Hsp90- and VCP-related protein degradation and induces ER stress-associated apoptosis by triggering capacitative Ca2+ entry, mitochondrial perturbation and caspase overactivation. Cell death & disease 21 23190606
2016 Regulation of GPCR expression through an interaction with CCT7, a subunit of the CCT/TRiC complex. Molecular biology of the cell 20 27708139
2011 Reconstitution of the human chaperonin CCT by co-expression of the eight distinct subunits in mammalian cells. Protein expression and purification 20 22133715
1997 Developmental and light-dependent changes of the cytosolic chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) subunits in maize seedlings, and the localization in coleoptiles. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 19 9450343
1996 Cloning, structure and mRNA expression of human Cctg, which encodes the chaperonin subunit CCT gamma. The Biochemical journal 19 8573069
2024 STYXL1 regulates CCT complex assembly and flagellar tubulin folding in sperm formation. Nature communications 18 38168070
2020 Targeting β-tubulin/CCT-β complex induces apoptosis and suppresses migration and invasion of highly metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Carcinogenesis 18 31400757
2015 The molecular chaperone CCT modulates the activity of the actin filament severing and capping protein gelsolin in vitro. Cell stress & chaperones 18 26364302
2023 Structural basis of plp2-mediated cytoskeletal protein folding by TRiC/CCT. Science advances 17 36921056
2022 Mechanistic insights into protein folding by the eukaryotic chaperonin complex CCT. Biochemical Society transactions 17 36196890
2021 Human Papillomavirus infection requires the CCT Chaperonin Complex. Journal of virology 17 33731457
2017 Disrupting CCT-β : β-tubulin selectively kills CCT-β overexpressed cancer cells through MAPKs activation. Cell death & disease 17 28906489
2024 MFSD7c functions as a transporter of choline at the blood-brain barrier. Cell research 16 38302740
2023 A hierarchical assembly pathway directs the unique subunit arrangement of TRiC/CCT. Molecular cell 16 37625406
2020 Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Analysis and Functional Study of CCT Gene Family in Medicago truncatula. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 16 32316208
2014 The chaperonin CCT interacts with and mediates the correct folding and activity of three subunits of translation initiation factor eIF3: b, i and h. The Biochemical journal 16 24320561
2014 Chaperonin CCT-mediated AIB1 folding promotes the growth of ERα-positive breast cancer cells on hard substrates. PloS one 15 24788909
2008 The CCT/TRiC chaperonin is required for maturation of sphingosine kinase 1. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 15 18775504
1997 Subunit characterization of the Caenorhabditis elegans chaperonin containing TCP-1 and expression pattern of the gene encoding CCT-1. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 15 9434769
2021 CCT and CCT-Like Modular Protein Interaction Domains in WNK Signaling. Molecular pharmacology 14 34312216
2019 Co-expression of CCT subunits hints at TRiC assembly. Cell stress & chaperones 14 31410727
2022 Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the CCT Gene Family in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) Response to Diurnal Rhythm and Abiotic Stress. Genes 13 36292714

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