Affinage

CARM1

Histone-arginine methyltransferase CARM1 · UniProt Q86X55

Length
608 aa
Mass
65.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 46 papers cited in narrative 46 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

CARM1 (PRMT4) is a type I protein arginine methyltransferase that asymmetrically dimethylates histone H3 at R17 and R26 and a broad spectrum of non-histone substrates to regulate transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA stability, autophagy, metabolism, DNA replication stress responses, mitochondrial dynamics, and ferroptosis. As a transcriptional coactivator, CARM1 is recruited to gene promoters via p160/GRIP1 coactivators, cooperates with p300/CBP in an ordered histone-modification cascade, and deposits H3R17me2a marks whose deposition depends on prior H3K18 acetylation; its enzymatic activity is indispensable for all known in vivo functions, as demonstrated by enzyme-dead knock-in mice that phenocopy CARM1 knockouts (PMID:11010967, PMID:12498683, PMID:15186775, PMID:19897492). Beyond histones, CARM1 methylates transcription factors (Pax7, Sox9, pRb, Nrf2, PPARγ), chromatin regulators (BAF155/R1064, MED12/R1899), metabolic enzymes (PKM2, GAPDH/R234, MDH1/R248), splicing factors (CA150, SmB, U1C, SAP49), RNA-binding proteins (HuR/R217, p54nrb), and signaling components (DRP1/R403,R634, ACSL4/R339), with methylation marks read by Tudor-domain effectors such as TDRD3 and SMN, or triggering ubiquitin-dependent degradation of substrates (PMID:17218272, PMID:22863532, PMID:24434208, PMID:30456381, PMID:37946697). CARM1 protein stability and subcellular localization are controlled by SCF-SKP2 and SCF-FBXO9 E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitination in the nucleus, by AMPK–FOXO3a signaling during nutrient starvation that stabilizes nuclear CARM1 for autophagy gene activation via TFEB, and by p38γ-mediated phosphorylation at S595 that drives cytoplasmic relocalization, while phosphorylation at S217 inactivates catalytic activity by disrupting SAM binding (PMID:27309807, PMID:19843527, PMID:34480022, PMID:38838552).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 17 steps
  1. 2000 High

    Establishing that CARM1 functions as a transcriptional coactivator for nuclear receptors answered the foundational question of why a methyltransferase resides in transcriptional activation complexes, revealing its recruitment via p160 coactivator AD2 domains and synergy with p300.

    Evidence Reporter assays and GRIP1 domain-deletion analysis in mammalian cells

    PMID:11010967

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which methyltransferase activity contributes to coactivation not yet demonstrated
    • Direct histone substrate not identified in this study
  2. 2001 High

    Demonstrating that CARM1 methylates H3R17 and H3R26 at hormone-responsive promoters in a catalytic-activity-dependent manner established histone arginine methylation as a bona fide transcriptional activation mark, and showed that CARM1 also acts at non-nuclear-receptor promoters (MEF2C) during skeletal myogenesis.

    Evidence ChIP on MMTV arrays with methyltransferase-dead mutant; co-IP and ChIP at muscle creatine kinase promoter during C2C12 differentiation

    PMID:11713257 PMID:11747826

    Open questions at the time
    • How H3R17me2a is 'read' by downstream effectors unknown
    • Relative contribution of R17 vs. R26 methylation not resolved
  3. 2002 High

    Discovery of HuR R217 methylation and the ordered acetylation–methylation crosstalk on H3 revealed that CARM1 acts on non-histone substrates to regulate mRNA stability and that its histone methylation depends on prior p300-mediated H3K18 acetylation, establishing a sequential modification cascade.

    Evidence In vitro methylation with mutagenesis and anti-meR217 antibody in LPS-stimulated macrophages; ChIP time-course at pS2 promoter with acetyltransferase-dead CBP mutant

    PMID:12237300 PMID:12498683

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of HuR methylation on specific mRNA targets not fully mapped
    • Identity of H3K18ac 'reader' that facilitates CARM1 recruitment unclear
  4. 2004 High

    Reconstitution of the ordered PRMT1→p300→CARM1 histone modification pathway on chromatin templates at the p53-target GADD45 gene demonstrated that these enzymes form an obligatory, sequential activation cascade, extending CARM1's coactivator role beyond nuclear receptors to tumor suppressor pathways.

    Evidence In vitro reconstitution with recombinant chromatin and purified coactivators, validated by ChIP after p53 induction

    PMID:15186775

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the obligatory order applies genome-wide or is promoter-specific not resolved
  5. 2007 High

    Identification of splicing factors CA150, SAP49, SmB, and U1C as CARM1 substrates, with methylation-dependent Tudor-domain recognition by SMN, established CARM1 as a direct regulator of alternative splicing and connected arginine methylation to the splicing machinery.

    Evidence Small-pool substrate screening, in vitro methylation, methylation-dependent SMN co-IP, CD44 splicing reporter with enzyme-dead mutant

    PMID:15944154 PMID:17218272

    Open questions at the time
    • Global scope of CARM1-regulated splicing events unknown at this point
    • Whether splicing regulation is always methylation-dependent or involves scaffolding
  6. 2009 High

    Enzyme-dead knock-in mice phenocopying CARM1 knockouts, regulation of Sox9/β-catenin signaling in chondrocytes, and maintenance of ES cell pluripotency through H3R17/26me2a at Oct4/Sox2/Nanog promoters collectively established that CARM1 catalytic activity is universally required for its developmental and stem cell functions.

    Evidence Enzyme-dead knock-in mouse with T cell, adipocyte, and embryo phenotypes; CARM1-null mice with skeletal defects; ES cell ChIP and knockdown/overexpression

    PMID:19544422 PMID:19725955 PMID:19897492

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific substrates responsible for perinatal lethality not identified
    • Relative contributions of histone vs. non-histone methylation to embryonic phenotype unresolved
  7. 2009 High

    Structural and biochemical demonstration that Ser217 phosphorylation disrupts SAM binding and inactivates CARM1, with cytoplasmic redistribution during mitosis, revealed the first post-translational regulatory switch controlling CARM1 enzymatic output.

    Evidence Crystal structure analysis, phosphomimetic mutant methyltransferase assays, mitotic cell fractionation and immunofluorescence

    PMID:19843527

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the kinase phosphorylating Ser217 remains unknown
    • Physiological triggers for Ser217 phosphorylation outside mitosis not characterized
  8. 2010 High

    Discovery of CARM1 automethylation at R551 that is dispensable for enzymatic activity but required for both transcription and splicing provided a molecular mechanism coupling these two processes through the C-terminal domain.

    Evidence Top-down mass spectrometry, R551K mutant analysis in transcription and splicing reporters

    PMID:21138967

    Open questions at the time
    • How R551me2a is read by downstream effectors unknown
    • Whether automethylation occurs in cis or in trans not resolved
  9. 2012 High

    Demonstration that CARM1 methylates Pax7 to recruit MLL1/2 complexes to Myf5 regulatory elements during asymmetric satellite stem cell divisions established a paradigm for methylation-dependent recruitment of H3K4 methyltransferases and connected CARM1 to adult muscle stem cell fate.

    Evidence Co-IP, in vitro methylation, ChIP, and conditional Carm1 KO in satellite cells

    PMID:22863532

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether other tissue stem cells use analogous Pax-CARM1-MLL axis unknown
    • Specific arginine sites on Pax7 mediating MLL binding not fully mapped
  10. 2014 High

    Identification of BAF155 R1064 methylation directing SWI/SNF to unique chromatin regions, and pRb arginine methylation facilitating its phosphorylation and E2F derepression, expanded CARM1's non-histone substrate repertoire to chromatin remodelers and cell-cycle regulators.

    Evidence ZFN-generated CARM1 KO, MS substrate identification, ChIP, migration/metastasis assays for BAF155; in vitro methylation, methylmimetic mutants, co-IP for pRb

    PMID:24434208 PMID:25348716

    Open questions at the time
    • How methylated BAF155 is targeted to specific genomic loci mechanistically unclear
    • In vivo validation of pRb R787 methylation in cell-cycle regulation limited
  11. 2016 High

    The AMPK–FOXO3a–SKP2 axis controlling nuclear CARM1 stability and the resulting H3R17me2a-dependent TFEB coactivation of autophagy/lysosomal genes revealed that CARM1 is a metabolic sensor linking nutrient status to transcriptional control of autophagy, while MDH1 R248 methylation directly inhibiting glutamine metabolism showed CARM1 regulates metabolic enzymes.

    Evidence Ubiquitination assays, ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, AMPK epistasis, FOXO3a phosphomimetics for autophagy axis; in vitro methylation, dimerization disruption, metabolic flux for MDH1

    PMID:27309807 PMID:27840030

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether CARM1-TFEB interaction is direct or bridged unknown
    • Extent to which metabolic enzyme methylation occurs under physiological (non-cancer) conditions not established
  12. 2017 High

    Global profiling of >130 CARM1 substrates revealing proline-containing recognition motifs and N-terminal domain-dependent substrate binding, together with the discovery that PKM2 methylation suppresses InsP3R-mediated calcium flux to drive aerobic glycolysis, provided a systems-level view of CARM1 substrate scope and a direct metabolic rewiring mechanism.

    Evidence SILAC-based quantitative proteomics with >90% in vitro validation, N-terminal deletion mutants; PKM2 methylation co-IP with InsP3Rs, calcium flux and metabolic profiling

    PMID:28537268 PMID:29058718

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequences of most of the >130 substrates remain unexplored
    • Structural basis for N-terminal domain substrate recognition not solved
  13. 2018 High

    Multiple studies converged on MED12 as a key CARM1 substrate: methylation at R1899 recruits TDRD3 to ERα enhancers, JMJD6 facilitates CARM1 access to MED12, and methylated MED12 regulates transcriptional pause release and p21 suppression, establishing MED12 methylation as a central node in estrogen-regulated transcription and chemoresistance.

    Evidence MS substrate identification, R1899 mutagenesis, co-IP of TDRD3/MED12 and JMJD6/CARM1, ChIP-seq, drug sensitivity assays

    PMID:26601288 PMID:29628309 PMID:30456381

    Open questions at the time
    • How TDRD3 reading of MED12 methylation mechanistically enables ncRNA loading not resolved
    • Whether JMJD6 demethylates MED12 arginines as a reversibility mechanism unknown
  14. 2020 High

    Demonstration that BAF155 methylation drives a SWI/SNF-to-EZH2 switch at the MAD2L2 promoter to promote homologous recombination and PARP inhibitor resistance revealed a chromatin-level mechanism by which CARM1 controls DNA repair pathway choice in cancer.

    Evidence ChIP with methylated-BAF155 antibody, CARM1 KO/reconstitution, EZH2 inhibitor epistasis, xenograft models

    PMID:32004442

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether this SWI/SNF–EZH2 switch occurs at additional loci genome-wide not determined
    • Patient-derived validation of CARM1-high/PARP-inhibitor resistance limited
  15. 2021 High

    CARM1 localizes to replication forks and stimulates PARP1 activity independently of its methyltransferase function, promoting fork reversal during replication stress; separately, the SCFFBXO9 E3 ligase was identified as a second ubiquitin-dependent CARM1 degradation pathway, distinct from SCF-SKP2.

    Evidence iPOND, in vitro PARP1 stimulation with HPF1, DNA fiber assays, epistasis with fork reversal/TLS factors; FBXO9 co-IP, K228 ubiquitination assay, murine lung injury model

    PMID:33412112 PMID:34480022

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for methyltransferase-independent PARP1 stimulation unknown
    • Relative contributions of SCF-SKP2 vs. SCFFBXO9 in different tissues/contexts not delineated
  16. 2022 High

    Discovery that CARM1 methylates ACSL4 (R339) to recruit RNF25 for ACSL4 degradation and Nrf2 to restrict its nuclear entry and GPX4 expression established CARM1 as a dual regulator of ferroptosis through both lipid metabolism and antioxidant transcription pathways.

    Evidence In vitro methylation, methylation-dependent RNF25 co-IP and ubiquitylation assay, ferroptosis sensitivity assays; Nrf2 methylation with nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation and GPX4 reporter

    PMID:35383293 PMID:37946697

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific arginine sites on Nrf2 not mapped
    • Whether CARM1-mediated ferroptosis regulation is tissue-specific remains unexplored
  17. 2024 High

    Identification of DRP1 R403/R634 methylation driving mitochondrial fission and a ROS–p38γ–CARM1(S595) positive feedback loop established a cytoplasmic, non-transcriptional role for CARM1 in mitochondrial dynamics and cellular senescence.

    Evidence In vitro DRP1 methylation, co-IP of methylated DRP1 with Mff, live mitochondrial imaging, p38γ kinase assay with S595 mutant

    PMID:38838552 PMID:39265499

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether p38γ-S595 phosphorylation is the sole driver of CARM1 cytoplasmic relocalization or cooperates with S217 phosphorylation not resolved
    • In vivo relevance of this feedback loop in aging tissues not demonstrated

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the identity of the Ser217 kinase, the structural basis for N-terminal domain substrate recognition, the global functional consequences of the >130 identified substrates, and whether CARM1's methyltransferase-independent role at replication forks represents a broader non-catalytic scaffolding function.
  • Ser217 kinase identity unknown
  • No structure of full-length CARM1 with substrate
  • Functional annotation of most of the >130 substrates missing
  • Methyltransferase-independent functions beyond PARP1 stimulation not explored

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0016740 transferase activity 19 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 8 GO:0042393 histone binding 5
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 6 GO:0005694 chromosome 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 12 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 6 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 5 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 4 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 4 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 2 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2 R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 2 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 2
Partners
BAF155EP300GRIP1MED12PARP1SKP2TDRD3TFEB
Complex memberships
MED12-Mediatorp160/GRIP1 coactivator complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 46 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2000 CARM1 functions as a transcriptional coactivator for nuclear receptors (e.g., estrogen receptor) by binding to the AD2 domain of p160 coactivators (e.g., GRIP1), and synergizes with p300 (which binds AD1) to enhance receptor-dependent transcription; both binding interactions are required for their respective coactivator functions. Transient transfection reporter assays, deletion mutant analysis of GRIP1 AD1/AD2 domains The Journal of biological chemistry High 11010967
2001 CARM1 methylates histone H3 at Arg17 and Arg26 in a hormone-dependent manner at specific gene promoters (e.g., MMTV), and this methyltransferase activity is required for its coactivator function in steroid hormone receptor-dependent transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence on stably integrated MMTV promoter arrays, methyltransferase-dead mutant rescue experiments Current biology : CB High 11747826
2001 CARM1 is required for skeletal myogenesis by coactivating MEF2C through direct protein-protein interactions with MEF2C and GRIP-1; CARM1 is recruited to the endogenous muscle creatine kinase promoter in a differentiation-dependent manner. Co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, antisense/methylation inhibitor loss-of-function, reporter assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 11713257
2002 CARM1 specifically methylates the RNA-binding protein HuR at Arg217 (in the hinge region between RRM2 and RRM3); this methylation is induced by lipopolysaccharide stimulation of macrophages and correlates with HuR-mediated stabilization of TNFα mRNA. In vitro methylation assays, arginine-to-lysine mutant mapping, radioactive peptide sequencing, anti-methylated HuR antibodies, in vivo methylation in LPS-stimulated macrophages The Journal of biological chemistry High 12237300
2002 Crosstalk exists between CBP/p300-mediated acetylation and CARM1-mediated arginine methylation on histone H3: acetylation at H3K18 and K23 (but not K14) tethers CARM1 to the H3 tail and enhances its methyltransferase activity at R17; at the estrogen-responsive pS2 promoter, CBP binding and H3K18 acetylation precede CARM1 recruitment and H3R17 methylation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation time-course following estrogen stimulation, in vitro binding/methylation assays with acetylated H3 peptides, CBP acetyltransferase-dead mutant Current biology : CB High 12498683
2004 PRMT1, p300/CBP, and CARM1 act in an ordered, cooperative manner during p53-dependent transcriptional activation: they interact directly with p53 and modify histones at the GADD45 gene in a defined sequence; reconstituted chromatin templates demonstrate these are obligatory histone modifications. Reconstitution with recombinant chromatin templates and purified (co)activators, chromatin immunoprecipitation following p53 induction/UV irradiation Cell High 15186775
2005 A specific CARM1 isoform (CARM1-v3), generated by intron retention and lacking the C-terminal domain, associates with U1C (U1 snRNP protein) and promotes alternative 5' splice site selection and exon skipping, in an isoform-specific manner requiring the v3-specific C-terminal sequences. Isoform-specific expression, minigene splicing reporter assays (E1A, CD44), co-immunoprecipitation with U1C, deletion mutant analysis The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 15944154
2006 CARM1 acts as a transcriptional coactivator for E2F1/DP1-driven expression of CCNE1 (Cyclin E1) and DHFR; it is recruited to these promoters via ACTR (p160 family), deposits H3R17 and H3R26 methylation at the transcriptional start site, and is required for proper CCNE1 expression kinetics following growth stimulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, CARM1-deficient cells, reporter gene assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 16938873
2007 CARM1 methylates splicing factors CA150, SAP49, SmB, and U1C; methylation of CA150 by CARM1 regulates its interaction with the Tudor domain of SMN in a methylation-dependent manner; CARM1 promotes exon skipping in an enzyme-dependent manner at CD44 and exogenous splicing reporters. Small-pool substrate screening, in vitro methylation assays, co-immunoprecipitation, splicing reporter assays (CD44 and exogenous minigene), enzyme-dead CARM1 mutant Molecular cell High 17218272
2009 CARM1 enzymatic activity is required for all its known in vivo functions: enzyme-dead knock-in mice phenocopy CARM1 knockout mice with respect to embryo lethality timing, T cell development, adipocyte differentiation, and transcriptional coactivator activity. Enzyme-dead knock-in mouse model (compared to knockout), T cell development assays, adipocyte differentiation assays, transcriptional reporter assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 19897492
2009 CARM1 methyltransferase activity is regulated by phosphorylation at Ser217 by an unidentified kinase: phosphorylation disrupts a hydrogen bond between Ser217 and Tyr154 that locks SAM in the binding cavity, thereby abolishing methyltransferase activity; phospho-Ser217 also promotes cytoplasmic relocalization of CARM1 during mitosis. Structural analysis of CARM1 crystal structures, in vitro methyltransferase assays with phosphomimetic mutants, cell fractionation/immunofluorescence during mitosis The Journal of biological chemistry High 19843527
2009 CARM1 regulates endochondral ossification by methylating Sox9 at its HMG domain; methylation of Sox9 disrupts its interaction with β-catenin, thereby regulating Cyclin D1 expression and chondrocyte cell cycle progression. CARM1 null and transgenic mice, in vitro and in vivo methylation assays, co-immunoprecipitation of Sox9/β-catenin BMC developmental biology High 19725955
2009 CARM1 is required for embryonic stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency by methylating H3R17 and H3R26 at pluripotency gene promoters (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog); CARM1 depletion downregulates these pluripotency genes and causes differentiation. CARM1 knockdown in ES cells, chromatin immunoprecipitation at Oct4/Sox2/Nanog promoters, CARM1 overexpression experiments Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) High 19544422
2010 CARM1 undergoes automethylation at Arg551 in its C-terminal domain (CTD); this automethylation does not affect enzymatic activity but is required for CARM1-activated transcription and pre-mRNA splicing, providing a mechanism linking transcription and splicing through the CTD. Top-down high-resolution mass spectrometry, in vitro and in vivo automethylation assays, Arg551Lys mutant functional analysis in transcription and splicing reporters Nucleic acids research High 21138967
2010 PKA phosphorylates CARM1 at a single serine, which is necessary and sufficient for CARM1 to bind directly to the unliganded hormone-binding domain (HBD) of ERα, enabling cAMP/PKA-dependent, ligand-independent activation of ERα transcription. In vitro kinase assays, direct binding assays (GST pulldown), phosphomimetic mutants, reporter gene assays, ERα deletion mutant mapping Genes & development High 20360387
2011 Crystal structures of CARM1 catalytic domain in complex with cofactors (SAH or sinefungin) and inhibitors reveal that inhibitors bind in the arginine-binding cavity at the N-/C-terminal domain interface; binding requires pre-formed cofactor SAH; key selectivity residues distinguish CARM1 from PRMT1 and PRMT3. X-ray crystallography, isothermal titration calorimetry The Biochemical journal High 21410432
2012 CARM1 methylates multiple arginines in the N-terminus of Pax7; methylated Pax7 directly binds the C-terminal cleavage forms of MLL1/2 trithorax proteins, recruiting the ASH2L:MLL1/2:WDR5:RBBP5 H3K4 methyltransferase complex to Myf5 regulatory elements, thereby driving de novo Myf5 transcription during asymmetric satellite stem cell divisions. Co-immunoprecipitation of Pax7 with CARM1 and MLL1/2, in vitro methylation assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, conditional Carm1 knockout in satellite cells Cell stem cell High 22863532
2014 CARM1 methylates the SWI/SNF core subunit BAF155 at R1064; methylated BAF155 is directed to unique chromatin regions (e.g., c-Myc pathway gene loci) and regulates breast cancer cell migration and metastasis. Zinc-finger nuclease CARM1 knockout cell lines, mass spectrometry substrate identification, site-specific mutagenesis (R1064), chromatin immunoprecipitation, migration/metastasis assays Cancer cell High 24434208
2015 CARM1 methylates p54nrb at its coiled-coil domain, reducing p54nrb binding to mRNAs containing inverted repeated Alu elements (IRAlus); CARM1 also transcriptionally suppresses NEAT1 lncRNA to reduce paraspeckle formation, together attenuating nuclear retention of IRAlu-containing mRNAs. CARM1 knockout/knockdown, RNA immunoprecipitation, in vitro methylation of p54nrb, paraspeckle imaging, mRNA nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation Genes & development High 25792598
2015 CARM1 methylates MED12 at R1862 and R1912; methylated MED12 suppresses p21/WAF1 transcription through a mechanism distinct from TGF-βR signaling, and methylation-deficient MED12 cells are resistant to chemotherapy drugs. In vitro methylation assays, site-specific mutagenesis, drug sensitivity assays, ChIP, CARM1/MED12 co-immunoprecipitation Science advances High 26601288
2015 Crystal structures of human CARM1 with sinefungin cofactor and peptide substrates from histone H3 and PABP1 (both unmethylated and monomethylated arginine) reveal how the CARM1 binding site accommodates diverse peptide sequences while maintaining a core binding mode. X-ray crystallography of ternary complexes ACS chemical biology High 26551522
2016 CARM1 protein stability is regulated in the nucleus (but not cytoplasm) by the SCF-SKP2 E3 ubiquitin ligase under nutrient-rich conditions; nutrient starvation activates AMPK-dependent phosphorylation of FOXO3a, which transcriptionally represses SKP2, leading to CARM1 accumulation, increased H3R17 dimethylation, and transcriptional coactivation of autophagy-related and lysosomal genes through TFEB. In vivo ubiquitination assays, AMPK inhibitor/activator experiments, FOXO3a phosphomimetic mutants, ChIP-seq (H3R17me2a), RNA-seq, co-immunoprecipitation of CARM1/TFEB Nature High 27309807
2016 CARM1 methylates MDH1 at R248, inhibiting its enzymatic activity by disrupting MDH1 dimerization; this methylation negatively regulates glutamine metabolism and NADPH production in pancreatic cancer cells. In vitro methylation assays, MDH1 dimerization assays, site-specific mutagenesis (R248), metabolic flux measurements, CARM1 knockdown with rescue experiments Molecular cell High 27840030
2017 Quantitative mass spectrometry globally profiled >130 CARM1 substrates in breast cancer cells; >90% of methylation sites were validated in vitro; bioinformatics revealed enrichment of proline-containing motifs; the N-terminus of CARM1 is critical for substrate recognition. Quantitative proteomics (SILAC), in vitro methylation validation, N-terminal deletion mutants for substrate recognition Nature communications High 28537268
2017 CARM1 methylates PKM2 (but not PKM1) at specific arginine residue(s); methylated PKM2 interacts with and suppresses inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3Rs), inhibiting calcium influx from ER to mitochondria and shifting metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. In vitro methylation assays, co-immunoprecipitation of methylated PKM2 with InsP3Rs, calcium flux measurements, metabolic profiling, nanoparticle-delivered competitive peptide inhibition Nature cell biology High 29058718
2018 CARM1 methylates GAPDH at R234, inhibiting GAPDH catalytic activity and suppressing glycolysis; glucose starvation increases CARM1 expression and R234 hypermethylation. In vitro methylation assays, site-specific mutagenesis (R234), GAPDH activity assays, glycolytic flux measurements, CARM1 KO/rescue experiments Cell reports High 30232003
2018 CARM1 methylates MED12 at R1899 (major site); methylated MED12 is recognized by the Tudor domain-containing effector TDRD3; this methylation-dependent TDRD3 recruitment to ERα-specific enhancers is required for MED12 to interact with activating noncoding RNAs and for estrogen-regulated gene transcription. CARM1 substrate motif antibody immunoprecipitation + mass spectrometry, site-specific mutagenesis (R1899), co-immunoprecipitation of TDRD3 with methylated MED12, ChIP-seq Life science alliance High 30456381
2018 CARM1 methylates p300 and this methylation negatively regulates the p300•ACT•CREMτ axis during spermiogenesis; high nuclear CARM1 impairs CREMτ-driven transcription during late stages of haploid germ cell development. Germline-specific conditional Carm1 knockout mice, RNA-seq, co-immunoprecipitation of ACT/CREMτ/p300 complex, in vitro methylation of p300 Nucleic acids research High 29659998
2018 JMJD6 is required for MED12 to interact with CARM1; CARM1 methylates MED12 at multiple arginine sites, regulating its chromatin binding at ERα-bound active enhancers, and is required for ERα-induced transcriptional pause release. Co-immunoprecipitation (JMJD6-MED12-CARM1 complex), ChIP-seq, in vitro methylation assays, JMJD6 knockdown epistasis Molecular cell High 29628309
2020 CARM1-mediated methylation of BAF155 (SWI/SNF subunit) drives a switch from SWI/SNF complex to EZH2 at the MAD2L2 promoter, silencing MAD2L2 expression and promoting homologous recombination; EZH2 inhibition restores MAD2L2 and sensitizes CARM1-high cancers to PARP inhibitors. ChIP at MAD2L2 promoter (BAF155, EZH2, SWI/SNF), methylated-BAF155 antibody, CARM1 KO/reconstitution, genetic epistasis with EZH2 inhibitor, xenograft models Cancer cell High 32004442
2021 CARM1 associates with replication forks and slows fork speed independently of its methyltransferase activity; it interacts with PARP1 and stimulates PARP1 activity by enhancing its DNA binding, acting jointly with HPF1; this promotes fork reversal over translesion synthesis during replication stress. iPOND (isolation of proteins on nascent DNA), in vitro PARP1 activity assays with CARM1 and HPF1, siRNA knockdown epistasis (RECQ1, RAD18), single-molecule DNA fiber analysis, co-immunoprecipitation of CARM1-PARP1 Molecular cell High 33412112
2021 CARM1 directly interacts with XBP1s and regulates XBP1s target gene expression during ER stress; CARM1-expressing ovarian cancer cells are selectively sensitive to IRE1α/XBP1s pathway inhibition. Co-immunoprecipitation of CARM1 and XBP1s, gene expression analysis, CARM1 KO cell lines, in vitro and xenograft models Nature communications Medium 34493732
2014 PRMT4/CARM1 methylates retinoblastoma protein (pRb) at R775, R787, and R798 in vitro (R787 in vivo); arginine methylation of pRb facilitates its phosphorylation and disrupts the E2F-1/DP1-pRb complex, thereby reducing pRb's ability to repress E2F-1 transcriptional activation. In vitro methylation assays, site-specific mutagenesis (R775/787/798), methylmimetic mutant pRb (R3F), co-immunoprecipitation of pRb-E2F-1, Gal4-E2F-1 reporter assay Molecular and cellular biology High 25348716
2015 CARM1 promotes nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) of PTC-containing mRNAs and associates with NMD factor UPF1, promoting UPF1 occupancy on PTC-containing transcripts; CARM1 upregulation in spinal muscular atrophy may exacerbate NMD of specific transcripts. NMD reporter assays, co-immunoprecipitation of CARM1 with UPF1, RNA immunoprecipitation, CARM1 knockdown with NMD target expression analysis Nucleic acids research Medium 26656492
2017 H3K27 acetylation recruits the Super Elongation Complex (SEC); this further stimulates H3R26 methylation by CARM1, which then abrogates SEC recruitment, forming a negative feedback loop; inhibiting CARM1 methyltransferase activity reactivates HIV-1 transcription in latency models. Histone modification ChIP, SEC binding assays with acetylated vs. methylated H3 peptides, CARM1 inhibitor treatment in HIV latency cell models including primary CD4+ T cells Nucleic acids research Medium 28637181
2013 CARM1 methylates HuR at R217, and this methylation enhances HuR's ability to regulate turnover of specific target mRNAs (cyclin A, cyclin B1, c-fos, SIRT1, p16); in replicative senescence, reduced CARM1 correlates with reduced HuR methylation and impaired mRNA stabilization function. CARM1 knockdown and R217K HuR mutant in HeLa cells, mRNA stability assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (p16 3'UTR binding), joint knockdown epistasis BMC molecular biology Medium 23837869
2018 CARM1 methylates NFIB transcription factor; the effector molecule TRIM29 binds methylated NFIB; both CARM1 and the CARM1 methylation site on NFIB are critical for rapid onset of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in a mouse model, and maintain similar open chromatin states in tumors. In vitro methylation assays, co-immunoprecipitation of TRIM29 with methylated NFIB, SCLC mouse model with CARM1 KO and methylation-site NFIB mutant, ATAC-seq Nature communications High 36690626
2020 PRMT6 can also deposit the H3R17me2a mark in vitro, partially redundantly with CARM1; CARM1/PRMT6 double-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts lack H3R17me2a during mitosis and show increased DNA damage, providing in vivo evidence of functional redundancy. In vitro histone methyltransferase assay with PRMT6, double-KO mouse embryos, immunofluorescence for H3R17me2a during mitosis, DNA damage markers The Journal of biological chemistry High 33008887
2024 CARM1 methylates DRP1 at R403 and R634 in the cytoplasm; methylated DRP1 interacts with mitochondrial fission factor (Mff) and self-assembles on the outer mitochondrial membrane to trigger mitochondrial fission, reducing oxygen consumption and increasing ROS; ROS-activated p38γ MAPK phosphorylates CARM1 at S595, promoting its translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm, establishing a positive feedback loop leading to cellular senescence. In vitro methylation assays (DRP1), co-immunoprecipitation of methylated DRP1 with Mff, live cell mitochondrial imaging, ROS measurements, p38γ kinase assays with CARM1 S595 mutant, CARM1/DRP1 knockdown phenotype analysis Redox biology High 38838552 39265499
2013 PRMT4/CARM1 acts as a coactivator of c-Myb target gene expression in hematopoietic cells by interacting with chromatin remodeler Mi2α/Mi2β; this coactivation requires both CARM1 methyltransferase activity and Mi2 ATPase activity; knockdown of CARM1 or Mi2α/β reduces c-Myb target gene expression, cell growth, and causes deregulated differentiation. Co-immunoprecipitation of CARM1 with Mi2α/β, ChIP at c-Myb target genes, methyltransferase-dead CARM1 mutant, Mi2 ATPase-dead mutant, CARM1/Mi2 knockdown in erythroid cells PLoS genetics High 23505388
2023 CARM1 methylates PPP1CA at R23; this methylation affects dephosphorylation of AKT-T450 and AMPK-T172, increases activities of phosphofructokinase-1 and PFKFB3, causing upregulation of glycolytic flux and promoting osteogenic differentiation while inhibiting osteoclastic differentiation. In vitro methylation assays, CARM1 CRISPR KO and lentiviral overexpression, transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling, AKT/AMPK phosphorylation assays, osteogenic/osteoclastic differentiation assays Clinical and translational medicine Medium 37649137
2022 CARM1 methylates ACSL4 at R339; this methylation promotes RNF25 binding to ACSL4, leading to RNF25-mediated ubiquitylation and degradation of ACSL4, thereby suppressing ferroptosis; CARM1 inhibition increases ACSL4 levels and sensitizes cells to ferroptosis inducers. In vitro methylation assays, site-specific mutagenesis (R339), co-immunoprecipitation of RNF25 with methylated ACSL4, ubiquitylation assays, ferroptosis sensitivity assays in vitro and in vivo Advanced science High 37946697
2022 PRMT4/CARM1 methylates Nrf2, restricting its nuclear translocation and suppressing GPX4 transcription, thereby promoting ferroptosis in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Co-immunoprecipitation of PRMT4 with Nrf2, in vitro methylation assay, nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation of Nrf2 with PRMT4 OE/KO, GPX4 reporter and protein expression, ferroptosis assays Cell death and differentiation High 35383293
2023 PRMT4/CARM1 methylates PPARγ at Arg240, enhancing its interaction with the coactivator PRDM16, thereby promoting thermogenic gene expression and white adipose tissue browning. In vitro methylation assay, site-specific mutagenesis (R240), co-immunoprecipitation of PPARγ-PRDM16 with WT vs. R240 mutant, gene expression analysis, adipose-specific PRMT4 overexpression mouse model Diabetes High 37216643
2021 CARM1 is normally targeted for proteasomal degradation by the SCFFBXO9 E3 ubiquitin ligase, which interacts with CARM1 via a phosphodegron and ubiquitinates CARM1 at K228; endotoxin reduces SCFFBXO9 levels, increasing CARM1 and causing caspase 3-mediated lung epithelial cell death. Co-immunoprecipitation of SCFFBXO9 with CARM1, in vitro ubiquitination assay at K228, PRMT4 KO in cellular and murine injury models, caspase 3 activity measurements Cell death & disease High 34480022
2016 CARM1 stability in the nucleus is regulated by the SCF-SKP2 E3 ubiquitin ligase; under nutrient starvation, AMPK-dependent FOXO3a phosphorylation represses SKP2 transcription, preventing CARM1 ubiquitination and degradation in the nucleus (but not cytoplasm). Ubiquitination assays, nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation, FOXO3a phosphomimetic mutants, SKP2 knockdown/overexpression, AMPK activation/inhibition Nature High 27309807

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2004 Ordered cooperative functions of PRMT1, p300, and CARM1 in transcriptional activation by p53. Cell 416 15186775
2016 AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 signalling cascade in transcriptional regulation of autophagy. Nature 379 27309807
2007 The arginine methyltransferase CARM1 regulates the coupling of transcription and mRNA processing. Molecular cell 321 17218272
2017 PKM2 methylation by CARM1 activates aerobic glycolysis to promote tumorigenesis. Nature cell biology 251 29058718
2022 PRMT4 promotes ferroptosis to aggravate doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy via inhibition of the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway. Cell death and differentiation 250 35383293
2002 Crosstalk between CARM1 methylation and CBP acetylation on histone H3. Current biology : CB 230 12498683
2002 Lipopolysaccharide-induced methylation of HuR, an mRNA-stabilizing protein, by CARM1. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase. The Journal of biological chemistry 214 12237300
2014 CARM1 methylates chromatin remodeling factor BAF155 to enhance tumor progression and metastasis. Cancer cell 202 24434208
2000 Synergistic, p160 coactivator-dependent enhancement of estrogen receptor function by CARM1 and p300. The Journal of biological chemistry 200 11010967
2001 Hormone-dependent, CARM1-directed, arginine-specific methylation of histone H3 on a steroid-regulated promoter. Current biology : CB 182 11747826
2016 Arginine Methylation of MDH1 by CARM1 Inhibits Glutamine Metabolism and Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer. Molecular cell 175 27840030
2012 Carm1 regulates Pax7 transcriptional activity through MLL1/2 recruitment during asymmetric satellite stem cell divisions. Cell stem cell 174 22863532
2006 Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is a positive regulator of the Cyclin E1 gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 155 16938873
2001 The coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase is necessary for muscle differentiation: CARM1 coactivates myocyte enhancer factor-2. The Journal of biological chemistry 135 11713257
2018 CARM1 Methylates GAPDH to Regulate Glucose Metabolism and Is Suppressed in Liver Cancer. Cell reports 127 30232003
2017 Global mapping of CARM1 substrates defines enzyme specificity and substrate recognition. Nature communications 113 28537268
2020 EZH2 Inhibition Sensitizes CARM1-High, Homologous Recombination Proficient Ovarian Cancers to PARP Inhibition. Cancer cell 111 32004442
2017 Identification of a CARM1 Inhibitor with Potent In Vitro and In Vivo Activity in Preclinical Models of Multiple Myeloma. Scientific reports 110 29269946
2010 Differential CARM1 expression in prostate and colorectal cancers. BMC cancer 108 20462455
2018 TP-064, a potent and selective small molecule inhibitor of PRMT4 for multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 105 29719619
2009 CARM1 is required in embryonic stem cells to maintain pluripotency and resist differentiation. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 102 19544422
2021 CARM1 regulates replication fork speed and stress response by stimulating PARP1. Molecular cell 90 33412112
2015 Protein arginine methyltransferase CARM1 attenuates the paraspeckle-mediated nuclear retention of mRNAs containing IRAlus. Genes & development 89 25792598
2021 CARM1 Inhibition Enables Immunotherapy of Resistant Tumors by Dual Action on Tumor Cells and T Cells. Cancer discovery 84 33707234
2011 CARM1 is an important determinant of ERα-dependent breast cancer cell differentiation and proliferation in breast cancer cells. Cancer research 82 21282336
2010 CARM1 mediates the ligand-independent and tamoxifen-resistant activation of the estrogen receptor alpha by cAMP. Genes & development 82 20360387
2021 CARM1/PRMT4: Making Its Mark beyond Its Function as a Transcriptional Coactivator. Trends in cell biology 81 33485722
2005 Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1, CARM1, affects pre-mRNA splicing in an isoform-specific manner. The Journal of biological chemistry 81 15944154
2011 Structural basis for CARM1 inhibition by indole and pyrazole inhibitors. The Biochemical journal 79 21410432
2010 Automethylation of CARM1 allows coupling of transcription and mRNA splicing. Nucleic acids research 79 21138967
2018 Long Non-coding RNA PVT1 Competitively Binds MicroRNA-424-5p to Regulate CARM1 in Radiosensitivity of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids 74 30861415
2015 MED12 methylation by CARM1 sensitizes human breast cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. Science advances 74 26601288
2018 JMJD6 Licenses ERα-Dependent Enhancer and Coding Gene Activation by Modulating the Recruitment of the CARM1/MED12 Co-activator Complex. Molecular cell 73 29628309
2009 Enzymatic activity is required for the in vivo functions of CARM1. The Journal of biological chemistry 71 19897492
2010 CARM1 is required for proper control of proliferation and differentiation of pulmonary epithelial cells. Development (Cambridge, England) 70 20530543
2009 Biochemical control of CARM1 enzymatic activity by phosphorylation. The Journal of biological chemistry 67 19843527
2014 Ubiquitination-dependent CARM1 degradation facilitates Notch1-mediated podocyte apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy. Cellular signalling 59 24726896
2014 High-glucose-induced CARM1 expression regulates apoptosis of human retinal pigment epithelial cells via histone 3 arginine 17 dimethylation: role in diabetic retinopathy. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 56 25072916
2009 Arginine methyltransferase CARM1/PRMT4 regulates endochondral ossification. BMC developmental biology 53 19725955
2013 PELP1 oncogenic functions involve CARM1 regulation. Carcinogenesis 52 23486015
2017 miR-195 enhances the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells by suppressing CARM1. OncoTargets and therapy 50 28255246
2017 Crosstalk between histone modifications indicates that inhibition of arginine methyltransferase CARM1 activity reverses HIV latency. Nucleic acids research 50 28637181
2016 Discovery of a Potent and Selective Coactivator Associated Arginine Methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) Inhibitor by Virtual Screening. Journal of medicinal chemistry 48 27390919
2019 A chemical probe of CARM1 alters epigenetic plasticity against breast cancer cell invasion. eLife 47 31657716
2020 A hypermethylation strategy utilized by enhancer-bound CARM1 to promote estrogen receptor α-dependent transcriptional activation and breast carcinogenesis. Theranostics 45 32206101
2013 Loss of CARM1 is linked to reduced HuR function in replicative senescence. BMC molecular biology 45 23837869
2013 MicroRNA-181 regulates CARM1 and histone arginine methylation to promote differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. PloS one 44 23301034
2018 CARM1 methylates MED12 to regulate its RNA-binding ability. Life science alliance 43 30456381
2017 Nuclear AMPK regulated CARM1 stabilization impacts autophagy in aged heart. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 43 28315332
2023 Arginine methylation of PPP1CA by CARM1 regulates glucose metabolism and affects osteogenic differentiation and osteoclastic differentiation. Clinical and translational medicine 42 37649137
2021 Targeting the IRE1α/XBP1s pathway suppresses CARM1-expressing ovarian cancer. Nature communications 42 34493732
2023 Inhibition of CARM1-Mediated Methylation of ACSL4 Promotes Ferroptosis in Colorectal Cancer. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 41 37946697
2020 Calycosin inhibited autophagy and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease skeletal muscle atrophy by regulating AMPK/SKP2/CARM1 signalling pathway. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 40 32910538
2015 Genome wide comparative analysis of the effects of PRMT5 and PRMT4/CARM1 arginine methyltransferases on the Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptome. BMC genomics 40 25880665
2015 PRMT1 and PRMT4 Regulate Oxidative Stress-Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Damage in SIRT1-Dependent and SIRT1-Independent Manners. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 40 26583059
2020 Genetic evidence for partial redundancy between the arginine methyltransferases CARM1 and PRMT6. The Journal of biological chemistry 38 33008887
2018 The arginine methyltransferase CARM1 represses p300•ACT•CREMτ activity and is required for spermiogenesis. Nucleic acids research 38 29659998
2011 The methyltransferases PRMT4/CARM1 and PRMT5 control differentially myogenesis in zebrafish. PloS one 37 22016767
2018 SKP2 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through Nuclear AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 Signaling Transcriptionally Regulating Nutrient-Deprived Autophagy Induction. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 36 29991055
2010 The expression of myogenic microRNAs indirectly requires protein arginine methyltransferase (Prmt)5 but directly requires Prmt4. Nucleic acids research 34 20947566
2023 The NFIB/CARM1 partnership is a driver in preclinical models of small cell lung cancer. Nature communications 33 36690626
2015 Structural Insights into Ternary Complex Formation of Human CARM1 with Various Substrates. ACS chemical biology 33 26551522
2021 Structure-Based Discovery of Potent CARM1 Inhibitors for Solid Tumor and Cancer Immunology Therapy. Journal of medicinal chemistry 32 34781683
2019 The long noncoding RNA ST7-AS1 promotes laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by stabilizing CARM1. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 32 30853182
2024 ROS-mediated cytoplasmic localization of CARM1 induces mitochondrial fission through DRP1 methylation. Redox biology 31 38838552
2015 A novel role for CARM1 in promoting nonsense-mediated mRNA decay: potential implications for spinal muscular atrophy. Nucleic acids research 31 26656492
2019 Functional interplay between YY1 and CARM1 promotes oral carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 30 31217904
2014 PRMT4-mediated arginine methylation negatively regulates retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein and promotes E2F-1 dissociation. Molecular and cellular biology 30 25348716
2011 Small molecule inhibitors that discriminate between protein arginine N-methyltransferases PRMT1 and CARM1. Organic & biomolecular chemistry 30 21952734
2021 ESRP1 regulates alternative splicing of CARM1 to sensitize small cell lung cancer cells to chemotherapy by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling. Aging 29 33495408
2018 CARM1 contributes to skeletal muscle wasting by mediating FoxO3 activity and promoting myofiber autophagy. Experimental cell research 29 30500392
2017 The Overexpression of CARM1 Promotes Human Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation through the pGSK3β/β-Catenin/cyclinD1 Signaling Pathway. International journal of biological sciences 27 28924379
2020 The CARM1-p300-c-Myc-Max (CPCM) transcriptional complex regulates the expression of CUL4A/4B and affects the stability of CRL4 E3 ligases in colorectal cancer. International journal of biological sciences 26 32140074
2022 Depletion of mmu_circ_0001751 (circular RNA Carm1) protects against acute cerebral infarction injuries by binding with microRNA-3098-3p to regulate acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4. Bioengineered 25 35114894
2020 CARM1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression through upregulating CCNE2 expression. Aging 25 32487779
2019 PRMT4 overexpression aggravates cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction by promoting cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 25 31627895
2014 CARM1 regulates astroglial lineage through transcriptional regulation of Nanog and posttranscriptional regulation by miR92a. Molecular biology of the cell 25 25392304
2023 PRMT4 Facilitates White Adipose Tissue Browning and Thermogenesis by Methylating PPARγ. Diabetes 24 37216643
2009 Disruption of histone modification and CARM1 recruitment by arsenic represses transcription at glucocorticoid receptor-regulated promoters. PloS one 24 19707557
2023 CARM1 arginine methyltransferase as a therapeutic target for cancer. The Journal of biological chemistry 23 37536629
2020 Gallic Acid Impedes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression via Suppression of EGFR-Dependent CARM1-PELP1 Complex. Drug design, development and therapy 23 32425504
2013 PRMT4 is a novel coactivator of c-Myb-dependent transcription in haematopoietic cell lines. PLoS genetics 23 23505388
2010 Expression and purification of full-length mouse CARM1 from transiently transfected HEK293T cells using HaloTag technology. Protein expression and purification 23 21126607
2024 CARM1 phosphorylation at S595 by p38γ MAPK drives ROS-mediated cellular senescence. Redox biology 22 39265499
2020 MicroRNA-184 negatively regulates corneal epithelial wound healing via targeting CDC25A, CARM1, and LASP1. Eye and vision (London, England) 22 32766356
2019 CARM1 regulates senescence during airway epithelial cell injury in COPD pathogenesis. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 22 31461302
2018 Cancer-related transcription regulator protein NAC1 forms a protein complex with CARM1 for ovarian cancer progression. Oncotarget 22 29983869
2023 CARM1 drives mitophagy and autophagy flux during fasting-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Autophagy 21 38018843
2022 Circular RNA circZNF532 facilitates angiogenesis and inflammation in diabetic retinopathy via regulating miR-1243/CARM1 axis. Diabetology & metabolic syndrome 21 35063035
2024 CARM1 drives triple-negative breast cancer progression by coordinating with HIF1A. Protein & cell 20 38476024
2013 β-Estradiol-dependent activation of the JAK/STAT pathway requires p/CIP and CARM1. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20 23434684
2023 Development of Potent and Selective Coactivator-Associated Arginine Methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) Degraders. Journal of medicinal chemistry 19 37703322
2021 The protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) PRMT1 and CARM1 as candidate epigenetic drivers in prostate cancer progression. Medicine 19 34516499
2020 WDR5-Myc axis promotes the progression of glioblastoma and neuroblastoma by transcriptional activating CARM1. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 19 31948749
2019 TRIM28 protects CARM1 from proteasome-mediated degradation to prevent colorectal cancer metastasis. Science bulletin 18 36659810
2018 p53 mediated regulation of coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) expression is critical for suppression of adipogenesis. The FEBS journal 18 29575726
2018 The co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) gene is overexpressed in type 2 diabetes. Endocrine 18 30173329
2021 Endotoxin stabilizes protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4) protein triggering death of lung epithelia. Cell death & disease 17 34480022
2015 PRMT4 is involved in insulin secretion via the methylation of histone H3 in pancreatic β cells. Journal of molecular endocrinology 17 25917831
2013 A TR-FRET-based functional assay for screening activators of CARM1. Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology 17 23585185