Affinage

C2

Complement C2 · UniProt P06681

Audit flag: rerun needed
Length
752 aa
Mass
83.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus

Mechanistic narrative

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Mechanism profile

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Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2006 Variation in factor B (BF) and complement component 2 (C2) genes is associated with age-related macular degeneration. Nature genetics 872 16518403
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
2003 Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nature genetics 754 14702039
1996 The C2 domain calcium-binding motif: structural and functional diversity. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 709 8976547
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2013 Seven new loci associated with age-related macular degeneration. Nature genetics 649 23455636
1994 Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. Gene 492 8125298
2013 Identification of 23 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci using the iCOGS custom genotyping array. Nature genetics 463 23535732
2015 Widespread macromolecular interaction perturbations in human genetic disorders. Cell 454 25910212
2004 The lectin-complement pathway--its role in innate immunity and evolution. Immunological reviews 443 15199963
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2010 Genetic variants near TIMP3 and high-density lipoprotein-associated loci influence susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 433 20385819
2010 Genome-wide association study of advanced age-related macular degeneration identifies a role of the hepatic lipase gene (LIPC). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 376 20385826
2005 Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. Journal of proteome research 350 16335952
2009 Plasma complement components and activation fragments: associations with age-related macular degeneration genotypes and phenotypes. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 255 19661236
1976 Inherited structural polymorphism in human C2: evidence for genetic linkage between C2 and Bf. The Journal of experimental medicine 249 978135
1967 Formation and functional significance of a molecular complex derived from the second and the fourth component of human complement. The Journal of experimental medicine 245 6019133
2008 Prediction model for prevalence and incidence of advanced age-related macular degeneration based on genetic, demographic, and environmental variables. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 238 19117936
2000 Proteolytic activities of two types of mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 232 10946292
2007 Autoinhibition of the HECT-type ubiquitin ligase Smurf2 through its C2 domain. Cell 231 17719543
2011 Common variants near FRK/COL10A1 and VEGFA are associated with advanced age-related macular degeneration. Human molecular genetics 208 21665990
1985 Rat medulla oblongata. III. Adrenergic (C1 and C2) neurons, nerve fibers and presumptive terminal processes. The Journal of comparative neurology 194 2858498
1980 Purification and characterization of two components of botulinum C2 toxin. Infection and immunity 190 6785232
2009 Interpretation of genetic association studies: markers with replicated highly significant odds ratios may be poor classifiers. PLoS genetics 188 19197355
2014 Signaling through C2 domains: more than one lipid target. Biochimica et biophysica acta 179 24440424
2002 Calcium-sensitive phospholipid binding properties of normal and mutant ferlin C2 domains. The Journal of biological chemistry 168 11959863
2012 Revised mechanism of complement lectin-pathway activation revealing the role of serine protease MASP-1 as the exclusive activator of MASP-2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 164 22691502
2009 Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip. American journal of human genetics 164 19913121
2009 Niemann-Pick C2 (NPC2) and intracellular cholesterol trafficking. Biochimica et biophysica acta 162 19232397
2007 Protective effect of complement factor B and complement component 2 variants in age-related macular degeneration. Human molecular genetics 153 17576744
2000 Stabilization and productive positioning roles of the C2 domain of PTEN tumor suppressor. Cancer research 151 11156408
1986 Primary structure of human complement component C2. Homology to two unrelated protein families. The Biochemical journal 150 2949737
2006 Mannan-binding lectin activates C3 and the alternative complement pathway without involvement of C2. The Journal of clinical investigation 146 16670774
2013 In-depth proteomic analyses of exosomes isolated from expressed prostatic secretions in urine. Proteomics 138 23533145
2009 Paths reunited: Initiation of the classical and lectin pathways of complement activation. Immunobiology 122 19783065
2019 Multiple C2 domains and transmembrane region proteins (MCTPs) tether membranes at plasmodesmata. EMBO reports 118 31286648
2012 Otoferlin: a multi-C2 domain protein essential for hearing. Trends in neurosciences 114 22959777
1997 Ca2+-signaling cycle of a membrane-docking C2 domain. Biochemistry 108 9340010
2006 Structure and action of the binary C2 toxin from Clostridium botulinum. Journal of molecular biology 102 17027031
1975 Hereditary complement (C2) deficiency with dermatomyositis. The American journal of medicine 101 1090155
2006 A role for hnRNP C1/C2 and Unr in internal initiation of translation during mitosis. The EMBO journal 88 17159903
1996 Growth and differentiation of C2 myogenic cells are dependent on serum response factor. Molecular and cellular biology 87 8887636
1986 Effects of chlorpromazine and phencyclidine on mouse C2 acetylcholine receptor kinetics. The Journal of physiology 87 2432254
2001 Membrane targeting of C2 domains of phospholipase C-delta isoforms. The Journal of biological chemistry 81 11706040
2006 The C2 domain protein BAP1 negatively regulates defense responses in Arabidopsis. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 79 17018034
1997 Regulation of protein kinase C betaII by its C2 domain. Biochemistry 79 9398289
1981 On the significance of C2, C4, and factor B polymorphisms in disease. Human genetics 79 7016719
2002 Dissimilation of the C2 sulfonates. Archives of microbiology 69 12471498
1984 The factor B and C2 genes. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 69 6149579
1989 Expression of the Rhodobacter sphaeroides cytochrome c2 structural gene. Journal of bacteriology 68 2536660
1981 Primary structure of the phage P22 repressor and its gene c2. Biochemistry 66 7260059
2014 pRMH760, a precursor of A/C₂ plasmids carrying blaCMY and blaNDM genes. Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) 64 24841670
2018 Niemann-Pick C2 Proteins: A New Function for an Old Family. Frontiers in physiology 61 29472868
1991 A membrane protein is required for bacteriophage c2 infection of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis C2. Journal of bacteriology 58 1917843
2001 Roles of calcium ions in the membrane binding of C2 domains. The Biochemical journal 57 11672443
1994 Prevalence of a mutation causing C2 deficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus. The Journal of rheumatology 55 7932427
2015 Dual mTORC1/C2 inhibitors suppress cellular geroconversion (a senescence program). Oncotarget 54 26177051
2010 The hypersensitive response induced by the V2 protein of a monopartite begomovirus is countered by the C2 protein. Molecular plant pathology 53 20447273
1989 cDNA cloning and expression of human complement component C2. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 53 2493504
1976 Hereditary C2 deficiency: diagnosis and HLA gene complex associations. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 53 1082903
2015 Intramolecular C2 Domain-Mediated Autoinhibition of Protein Kinase C βII. Cell reports 52 26279568
2012 The role of C2 domains in PKC signaling. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 52 22453964
2017 Cryo-EM structure and biochemical analysis reveal the basis of the functional difference between human PI3KC3-C1 and -C2. Cell research 51 28731030
2016 Overexpression of Rice Glutaredoxin OsGrx_C7 and OsGrx_C2.1 Reduces Intracellular Arsenic Accumulation and Increases Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Frontiers in plant science 51 27313586
2016 Ring-like oligomers of Synaptotagmins and related C2 domain proteins. eLife 51 27434670
2005 The origin of C1A-C2 interdomain interactions in protein kinase Calpha. The Journal of biological chemistry 51 16079140
1983 P22 c2 repressor. Domain structure and function. The Journal of biological chemistry 51 6554278
2003 Mechanisms involved in exogenous C2- and C6-ceramide-induced cancer cell toxicity. Biochemical pharmacology 49 12754099
1986 Sensory function and gating of histaminergic neuron C2 in Aplysia. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 49 3746415
2011 Clostridial binary toxins: iota and C2 family portraits. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 46 22919577
1997 Interleukin-15 stimulates C2 skeletal myoblast differentiation. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 45 9345260
2007 Crystal structure of the bovine lactadherin C2 domain, a membrane binding motif, shows similarity to the C2 domains of factor V and factor VIII. Journal of molecular biology 43 17583728
2020 ARGX-117, a therapeutic complement inhibiting antibody targeting C2. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 42 32926878
2015 Identification of a Chemoreceptor for C2 and C3 Carboxylic Acids. Applied and environmental microbiology 41 26048936
1992 Occupancy of a C2-C2 type 'zinc-finger' protein domain by copper. Direct observation by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. FEBS letters 41 1505681
2010 Trp2313-His2315 of factor VIII C2 domain is involved in membrane binding: structure of a complex between the C2 domain and an inhibitor of membrane binding. The Journal of biological chemistry 40 20089867
1993 Antineoplastic agent doxorubicin inhibits myogenic differentiation of C2 myoblasts. The Journal of biological chemistry 40 8449915
1981 Linkage of total deficiency of the second component (C2) of the complement system and of genetic C2-polymorphism to the major histocompatibility complex of the guinea pig. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 37 7252150
2017 Visible-Light-Induced C2 Alkylation of Pyridine N-Oxides. The Journal of organic chemistry 36 28102664
1990 Production of staphylococcal enterotoxins C1 and C2 and thermonuclease throughout the growth cycle. Applied and environmental microbiology 36 2306093
1982 Prostatic steroid binding protein: organisation of C1 and C2 genes. Nucleic acids research 36 6292830
2013 Ubiquitin interacts with the Tollip C2 and CUE domains and inhibits binding of Tollip to phosphoinositides. The Journal of biological chemistry 35 23880770
2000 Double C2 protein. A review. Biochimie 35 10865129
1985 The structure and genetics of the C2 and factor B genes. Immunological reviews 35 3902623
2017 Visible-light-mediated C2-amination of thiophenes by using DDQ as an organophotocatalyst. Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) 34 28294249
2021 Nickel-Catalyzed Dearomative Arylboration of Indoles: Regioselective Synthesis of C2- and C3-Borylated Indolines. Journal of the American Chemical Society 31 34582691
2020 Apolipoprotein C2 - CD36 Promotes Leukemia Growth and Presents a Targetable Axis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Blood cancer discovery 31 32944714
2009 Binding and internalization of Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin. Infection and immunity 30 19720757
2000 A Schistosoma protein, Sh-TOR, is a novel inhibitor of complement which binds human C2. FEBS letters 29 10734221
2018 Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C2 functions in auxin-modulated root development. Plant, cell & environment 28 30496625
2012 Association of C2 and CFB polymorphisms with anterior uveitis. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 28 22714898
2003 Immunoglobulin deficiencies and susceptibility to infection among homozygotes and heterozygotes for C2 deficiency. Journal of clinical immunology 28 12959222
1999 Modular PH and C2 domains in membrane attachment and other functions. FEBS letters 28 10376674
2010 DOC2B, C2 domains, and calcium: A tale of intricate interactions. Molecular neurobiology 27 20052564
2003 Apoptotic activities of C2-ceramide and C2-dihydroceramide homologues against HL-60 cells. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 27 12788346
2012 Cigarette smoke and muscle catabolism in C2 myotubes. Mechanisms of ageing and development 26 23262287
2011 PKCgamma in Vc and C1/C2 is involved in trigeminal neuropathic pain. Journal of dental research 26 21393551
2015 Biosynthesis of Epimers C2 and C2a in the Gentamicin C Complex. Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology 25 26083124
2015 Introduction of Methyl Groups at C2 and C6 Positions Enhances the Antiangiogenesis Activity of Curcumin. Scientific reports 25 26391485
2008 PD98059 enhances C2 myoblast differentiation through p38 MAPK activation: a novel role for PD98059. The Journal of endocrinology 25 18467380
2012 Protein kinase Cθ C2 domain is a phosphotyrosine binding module that plays a key role in its activation. The Journal of biological chemistry 24 22787157
2011 Geminivirus C2 protein might be the key player for geminiviral co- option of SCF-mediated ubiquitination. Plant signaling & behavior 23 21691154
2003 Efficient C2'alpha-hydroxylation of deoxyribose in protein-induced Z-form DNA. Journal of the American Chemical Society 23 12568612
2021 Improving the Thermostability of a Fungal GH11 Xylanase via Fusion of a Submodule (C2) from Hyperthermophilic CBM9_1-2. International journal of molecular sciences 22 35008888
2015 Transcriptome modulations due to A/C2 plasmid acquisition. Plasmid 22 26079188
2012 Modular dispensability of dysferlin C2 domains reveals rational design for mini-dysferlin molecules. The Journal of biological chemistry 22 22736764
2016 Staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 expedites bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society 21 27431811
2016 A generalized stoichiometric model of C3, C2, C2+C4, and C4 photosynthetic metabolism. Journal of experimental botany 21 27535993
2021 A unique C2 domain at the C terminus of Munc13 promotes synaptic vesicle priming. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20 33836576
2010 The C2 domains of classical and novel PKCs as versatile decoders of membrane signals. BioFactors (Oxford, England) 20 20049899
1985 Expression of complement proteins C2 and factor B in transfected L cells. The Journal of clinical investigation 19 3850903
2017 Integration of C₁ and C₂ Metabolism in Trees. International journal of molecular sciences 18 28946627
2002 Effects of C2-ceramide on the Malme-3M melanoma cell line. Journal of dermatological science 18 12354415
1993 Temporally Regulated Transcriptional Expression of the Genomes of Lactococcal Bacteriophages c2 and sk1. Applied and environmental microbiology 18 16349085
2005 Complement C2 receptor inhibitor trispanning: from man to schistosome. Springer seminars in immunopathology 17 16235057
2000 Sialic acid inhibits agrin signaling in C2 myotubes. Cell and tissue research 17 10741468
1994 SRD1, a S. cerevisiae gene affecting pre-rRNA processing contains a C2/C2 zinc finger motif. Nucleic acids research 17 8165142
1990 Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of cytochrome c2 from Rhodospirillum rubrum. The Biochemical journal 17 2154194
1978 Purification and properties of phage P22 c2 repressor. European journal of biochemistry 17 340229
2023 Chemoselective Late-Stage Functionalization of Peptides via Photocatalytic C2-Alkylation of Tryptophan. Organic letters 16 37462428
2020 Phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C2 regulates pattern-triggered immunity in Nicotiana benthamiana. Journal of experimental botany 16 32412590
2015 Voltage-sensing phosphatase modulation by a C2 domain. Frontiers in pharmacology 16 25904865
1986 C2 and factor B: structure and genetics. Biochemical Society symposium 16 3101701
1984 Structure and activation of complement components C2 and factor B. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 16 6149575
2017 The eΠg3 state of C2: A pathway to dissociation. The Journal of chemical physics 14 28711036
2013 SYT14L, especially its C2 domain, is involved in regulating melanocyte differentiation. Journal of dermatological science 14 23999003
1993 Structure of the human C2 gene. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 14 8326124