Affinage

BTRC

F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 1A · UniProt Q9Y297

Length
605 aa
Mass
68.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 56 papers cited in narrative 55 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

BTRC (β-TrCP1) is the substrate-recognition subunit of an SCF (Skp1–Cul1) E3 ubiquitin ligase that selectively binds doubly phosphorylated DSGψXS-type phosphodegrons through its WD40 repeat domain and marks the bound substrate for ubiquitin–proteasome degradation (PMID:10074433, PMID:10023660, PMID:12820959). Its two best-defined functions establish the paradigm: it recognizes GSK3β-phosphorylated β-catenin within the Axin/APC/GSK-3β destruction complex to restrain Wnt/β-catenin signaling and dorsal axis formation (PMID:10074433, PMID:10228155, PMID:10339577), and it recognizes IKK-phosphorylated IκBα/β/ε at the conserved DSGψXS motif to license NF-κB nuclear translocation (PMID:10097128, PMID:10075690, PMID:10497169, PMID:10514433). A 3.0 Å crystal structure of the β-TrCP1–Skp1–β-catenin complex defined how the WD40 domain reads the doubly phosphorylated motif and showed that ubiquitination efficiency is set by the spacing between the acceptor lysine and the degron (PMID:12820959). The same recognition logic extends across pathways, where degron phosphorylation by a dedicated kinase commits substrates to destruction: IKK on p105/p100 (PMID:11158290, PMID:16303288), Chk1/Plk1/CK2 on cell-cycle regulators Cdc25A, Emi1, hBora, USP37, cyclin F and Plk4 (PMID:14603323, PMID:12791267, PMID:14752276, PMID:20516151, PMID:23027877, PMID:30257202), and growth-factor kinases (S6K1, RSK, CK1α) on the translational and mTOR regulators PDCD4 and DEPTOR (PMID:17053147, PMID:22017876, PMID:22017877). Through these substrates BTRC governs the DNA-damage intra-S checkpoint, mitotic and centrosome integrity, circadian rhythm via PER2 degradation, mTOR/autophagy balance, and apoptosis via Mcl-1 and BimEL turnover (PMID:14603323, PMID:12791266, PMID:17387146, PMID:17876059, PMID:19150432, PMID:31406304). Genetic ablation confirms physiological importance: β-TrCP1-knockout cells show impaired IκB and β-catenin handling with mitotic defects, and combined β-TrCP1/2 loss in male germ cells blocks the mitosis–meiosis transition through failed DMRT1 degradation (PMID:12791266, PMID:12843402, PMID:28982686). BTRC activity is itself regulated by competition (HIV-1 Vpu sequestration), by post-translational modification of β-TrCP (PARP11 mono-ADP-ribosylation, AMPK phosphorylation, SAG/CUL5-mediated K11 ubiquitylation), and by cytoplasmic-versus-nuclear localization (PMID:14561767, PMID:27910872, PMID:30988430, PMID:31406304, PMID:21454620).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 9 steps
  1. 1999 High

    Established BTRC as the substrate receptor of an SCF ligase that couples GSK3β phosphorylation of β-catenin to its destruction, answering how Wnt signaling controls β-catenin stability.

    Evidence Phospho-dependent direct binding and Co-IP with Skp1/Cul1, dominant-negative stabilization, and Xenopus axis assays across multiple labs

    PMID:10023660 PMID:10074433 PMID:10228155 PMID:10339577

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve atomic basis of phosphodegron recognition
    • Did not address how BTRC discriminates among many DSGψXS-bearing substrates
  2. 1999 High

    Identified the doubly phosphorylated DSGψXS degron as BTRC's recognition motif on IκBα/β/ε, explaining how IKK signaling triggers NF-κB activation through targeted IκB destruction.

    Evidence Phospho-dependent Co-IP, degron mutagenesis (D31A), in vitro ubiquitination, F-box deletion, and NF-κB reporters

    PMID:10075690 PMID:10097128 PMID:10497169 PMID:10514424 PMID:10514433

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative affinity differences among IκB family members not yet quantified
    • Kinetics of degradation vs. processing not distinguished
  3. 2003 High

    A crystal structure provided the structural rule for substrate selection, showing the WD40 domain reads the doubly phosphorylated motif and that lysine-to-degron spacing dictates ubiquitination efficiency.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of β-TrCP1–Skp1–β-catenin with in vitro ubiquitination of mutant peptides

    PMID:12820959

    Open questions at the time
    • Structure limited to one substrate peptide; non-canonical degrons not structurally explained
    • Does not address full-length SCF architecture or processivity
  4. 2003 High

    Extended BTRC function to cell-cycle and checkpoint control, showing it degrades phospho-Cdc25A and Emi1 to enforce the intra-S checkpoint and prevent centrosome overduplication.

    Evidence siRNA of both paralogs, radioresistant DNA synthesis assays, knockout mice, in vitro ubiquitination, and centrosome counting

    PMID:12791266 PMID:12791267 PMID:12843402 PMID:14603323

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional redundancy between β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 not fully partitioned
    • Tissue-specific substrate dependencies unresolved
  5. 2003 High

    Demonstrated the recognition paradigm is conserved across kingdoms and pathways, with BTRC homolog FWD1 degrading the circadian protein FRQ in Neurospora and BTRC controlling NF-κB1 p105 processing.

    Evidence Co-IP, genetic disruption with circadian readout, in vitro kinase assays, and phosphopeptide competition

    PMID:11158290 PMID:12482991 PMID:12941694

    Open questions at the time
    • Why p105 affinity is lower than IκBα mechanistically unexplained at structural level
  6. 2009 High

    Showed BTRC integrates growth-factor and stress kinase signaling into protein turnover, degrading apoptotic and translational regulators (Mcl-1, BimEL, PDCD4) following GSK3β, RSK, ERK, and S6K1 phosphorylation.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assays, phospho-mutant binding, ubiquitination assays, and apoptosis/translation/cell-size readouts

    PMID:17053147 PMID:17387146 PMID:19150432

    Open questions at the time
    • Hierarchy among competing substrates under a given stimulus not defined
    • Cellular context determining apoptotic vs. survival outcome unclear
  7. 2011 High

    Defined BTRC as a node in mTOR/AKT signaling by establishing DEPTOR as a physiological substrate whose phosphorylation-triggered degradation activates mTOR.

    Evidence Independently replicated Co-IP, siRNA, stable degron mutants, and mTOR/AKT activity assays

    PMID:22017876 PMID:22017877

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative contribution of DEPTOR degradation to mTOR set-point not measured
    • Crosstalk with other mTOR-regulating substrates not resolved
  8. 2019 Medium

    Revealed BTRC is itself regulated post-translationally, with PARP11 mono-ADP-ribosylation promoting IFNAR1 degradation and AMPK phosphorylation driving β-TrCP1 degradation by β-TrCP2, linking paralog cross-regulation to immune signaling and mTOR/autophagy.

    Evidence ADP-ribosylation and ubiquitination assays, AMPK kinase assays, degron-mutant analysis, in vivo viral infection and autophagy readouts

    PMID:30988430 PMID:31406304

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry and reversibility of β-TrCP modifications in vivo unclear
    • Mutual paralog degradation kinetics single-lab
  9. 2019 Medium

    Established competition and localization as additional regulatory layers, with viral and cellular proteins sequestering or displacing BTRC and isoform/localization changes redirecting its activity.

    Evidence Co-IP displacement, β-TrCP stability assays, subcellular fractionation, and in vivo tumor/localization models

    PMID:14561767 PMID:21454620 PMID:31341163

    Open questions at the time
    • Endogenous physiological triggers for nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling not fully defined
    • Quantitative competition among endogenous decoys not established

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How BTRC prioritizes among its large substrate repertoire within a single cell, and how degron affinity, localization, and self-regulation are integrated in real time, remains unresolved.
  • No quantitative competition model across endogenous substrates
  • Substrate selection under simultaneous multi-pathway activation undefined
  • Distinct in vivo roles of β-TrCP1 vs β-TrCP2 incompletely separated

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 5 GO:0016874 ligase activity 4 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 4 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 5 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 4 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2 R-HSA-9909396 Circadian clock 2
Partners
CTNNB1CUL1DEPTOREMI1NFKBIAPER2SKP1USP47
Complex memberships
SCF(β-TrCP) E3 ubiquitin ligase

Evidence

Reading pass · 55 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1999 β-TrCP directly binds phosphorylated β-catenin through its WD40 repeat domain in a GSK3β phosphorylation-dependent manner, forming part of an SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (with Skp1 and Cul1) that targets β-catenin for proteasomal degradation; overexpression of wild-type β-TrCP promotes β-catenin downregulation, while a dominant-negative deletion mutant upregulates β-catenin and activates Tcf-dependent signaling. Direct binding assay, Co-IP from mammalian cells, dominant-negative overexpression, β-catenin stability assay Current biology : CB High 10074433
1999 FWD1 (mouse homolog of β-TrCP) forms a multi-molecular complex with β-catenin, Axin, GSK-3β, and APC; phosphorylation at the N-terminal signal-induced sites of β-catenin is required for FWD1 association; FWD1 facilitates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of β-catenin as part of the SCF(FWD1) ubiquitin ligase. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro ubiquitination assay, dominant-negative overexpression, β-catenin stability assay The EMBO journal High 10228155
1999 Human β-TrCP associates with Skp1 and Cul1 to form a novel SCF ubiquitin ligase complex, and interacts with β-catenin in vivo; expression of a dominant-negative β-TrCP stabilizes β-catenin. Co-immunoprecipitation, dominant-negative overexpression Oncogene High 10023660
1999 β-TrCP (FWD1) specifically recognizes the doubly phosphorylated DSGψXS motif in IκBα; an F-box-deleted β-TrCP inhibits IκBα degradation; β-TrCP mediates ubiquitination of phosphorylated IκBα in vitro and in cells, enabling NF-κB nuclear translocation. Co-IP (phosphorylation-dependent), dominant-negative overexpression, in vitro ubiquitination, NF-κB reporter assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 10097128
1999 β-TrCP interacts specifically with phosphorylated IκBα (Ser32/Ser36) but not unmodified or phosphorylation-deficient IκBα; F-box deletion abolishes ability to ubiquitinate IκBα; β-TrCP is the adaptor for IκBα recognition by SCFβTrCP E3 complex. Co-IP (phosphorylation-dependent), dominant-negative expression, NF-κB transcription assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 10075690
1999 β-Trcp negatively regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and dorsal axis formation in Xenopus; phosphorylated β-catenin is specifically recognized by β-Trcp; inhibition of endogenous β-Trcp by dominant-negative mutant stabilizes β-catenin, activates Wnt signaling, and induces axis duplication. Xenopus embryo injection, dominant-negative overexpression, co-IP Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 10339577
1999 FWD1/β-TrCP recognizes the conserved DSGψXS phospho-motif in IκBα, IκBβ, and IκBε; phosphorylation of both conserved serines is required for FWD1-mediated ubiquitination of all three IκB proteins; the D31A mutation in IκBα abolishes FWD1 binding without affecting phosphorylation. Co-IP, in vitro ubiquitination, site-directed mutagenesis, degradation assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 10497169 10514433
1999 β-TrCP interacts specifically with IκBβ in a manner dependent on phosphorylation of serines 19 and 23; F-box deletion abolishes β-TrCP-mediated ubiquitination of IκBβ. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, dominant-negative mutant The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 10514424
2001 β-TrCP controls ATF4 stability by binding ATF4 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner (requiring Ser219 in a DSGXXXS motif); an F-box-deleted β-TrCP acts as dominant-negative to inhibit ATF4 ubiquitination and degradation, thereby enhancing ATF4-dependent cAMP-mediated transcription; β-TrCP and ATF4 are co-localized in the nucleus. Co-IP, dominant-negative overexpression, ubiquitination assay, luciferase reporter, subcellular localization Molecular and cellular biology Medium 11238952
2001 IKKβ directly phosphorylates NF-κB1 p105 at C-terminal serines 923 and 927 (within a DSGψ-like motif), and this phosphorylation recruits both β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 for polyubiquitination and complete proteasomal degradation of p105. In vitro kinase assay, Co-IP, RNAi knockdown, ubiquitination assay Molecular and cellular biology High 11158290
2003 Crystal structure (3.0 Å) of a β-TrCP1-Skp1-β-catenin complex reveals the basis of substrate recognition by the β-TrCP1 WD40 domain binding the doubly phosphorylated DpSGφXpS destruction motif; ubiquitination efficiency is determined by lysine-to-destruction motif spacing, confirmed by in vitro ubiquitination of mutant β-catenin peptides. X-ray crystallography, in vitro ubiquitination assay with mutant peptides Molecular cell High 12820959
2003 β-TrCP is the F-box protein of SCF that targets phosphorylated Cdc25A for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation during S phase and in response to DNA damage; siRNA knockdown of both β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 prevents Cdc25A degradation induced by ionizing radiation and causes radioresistant DNA synthesis, indicative of an intra-S-phase checkpoint defect. siRNA knockdown, ubiquitination assay, DNA damage checkpoint assay (radioresistant DNA synthesis) Nature High 14603323
2003 β-TrCP1 knockout mice display defects in meiotic progression (accumulation of metaphase I spermatocytes) and mitotic defects in MEFs including centrosome overduplication, multipolar spindles, and misaligned chromosomes; Emi1 is a bona fide substrate of β-TrCP1; stabilization of β-catenin and IκBα requires silencing of both β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2. Gene knockout mice, siRNA, substrate stability assay, cell biology (centrosome counting) Developmental cell High 12791266
2003 Emi1 is phosphorylated by Cdc2 on a DSGxxS consensus site and is subsequently recognized and ubiquitinated by SCF(βTrCP/Slimb), leading to its destruction in prophase; failure of βTrCP-dependent Emi1 destruction stabilizes APC substrates and results in mitotic catastrophe including centrosome overduplication. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, phospho-mutant analysis, centrosome overduplication assay Developmental cell High 12791267
2003 β-TrCP1-deficient MEFs show impaired (but not abolished) degradation of IκBα and IκBβ, reduced NF-κB nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, and altered β-catenin subcellular localization; β-TrCP1 knockout MEFs display reduced proliferation, increased cell size, and increased polyploidy. Gene knockout mice, immunofluorescence, NF-κB reporter, FACS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 12843402
2003 FWD1/β-TrCP mediates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the circadian clock protein FREQUENCY (FRQ) in Neurospora; FRQ and FWD1 interact physically in vivo; fwd1 disruption results in accumulation of hyperphosphorylated FRQ and abolishes circadian rhythms. Co-IP in vivo, genetic disruption, circadian reporter assay, FRQ stability assay The EMBO journal High 12941694
2003 β-TrCP binding and processing of NF-κB1 p105 requires IKK-mediated phosphorylation at serines 927 and 932; βTrCP RNAi blocks TNF-α-induced p105 ubiquitination and proteolysis; βTrCP affinity for doubly phosphorylated p105 is substantially lower than for IκBα, contributing to delayed p105 proteolysis. RNAi knockdown, phosphopeptide competition, in vitro kinase assay, ubiquitination assay Molecular and cellular biology High 12482991
2003 HIV-1 Vpu sequesters β-TrCP in the cytoplasm by binding through its phosphorylated DS52GXXS56 motif, acting as a competitive inhibitor that prevents β-TrCP-mediated degradation of endogenous substrates (β-catenin, IκBα, ATF4, Emi1, Cdc25A) and excludes β-TrCP from the nucleus. GFP fusion imaging, substrate stability assay, dominant-negative competition The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 14561767
2004 Hierarchical phosphorylation of Cdc25A commits it to β-TrCP-dependent degradation: Chk1-dependent phosphorylation at Ser76 is a priming step required for subsequent phosphorylation at Ser82 within the DSG motif, which anchors Cdc25A to β-TrCP. Phospho-site mutagenesis, Co-IP, degradation assay Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Medium 14752276
2004 SCF(β-TrCP1) ubiquitinates and destabilizes Smad4; β-TrCP1 interacts with Smad4 in yeast two-hybrid and mammalian cells but not Smad2, and weakly with Smad3 only through Smad4; ectopic SCF(β-TrCP1) induces Smad4 ubiquitination and degradation, inhibiting TGF-β transcriptional responses. Yeast two-hybrid, Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, siRNA, TGF-β reporter The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 14988407
2005 β-TrCP binding and ubiquitination of NF-κB2/p100 requires NIK/IKKα-dependent phosphorylation of p100 at serines 866 and 870; mutation of either serine abolishes β-TrCP recruitment and ubiquitination of p100. Co-IP, phospho-mutant analysis, in vivo ubiquitination assay Cellular signalling Medium 16303288
2006 β-TrCP2 directly binds Gli2 and promotes its ubiquitination and degradation; single amino acid substitution in the Gli2 β-TrCP binding site abolishes interaction, ubiquitination, and stabilizes Gli2 protein, leading to enhanced Gli-dependent transcription. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis, transcriptional reporter The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 16651270
2006 S6K1-mediated phosphorylation of PDCD4 on Ser67 in response to mitogens recruits SCF(βTRCP) E3 ligase for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of PDCD4; expression of a stable PDCD4 mutant unable to bind βTRCP inhibits translation of mRNAs with structured 5'UTRs, reduces cell size, and slows cell cycle progression. Kinase assay, Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, translation reporter, stable mutant overexpression, cell size measurement Science (New York, N.Y.) High 17053147
2006 Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf signaling elevates βTrCP mRNA and protein expression in a Tcf-dependent manner, creating a negative feedback loop: increased βTrCP accelerates wild-type β-catenin degradation while also upregulating NF-κB transactivation without affecting IKK activity. Tcf reporter, mRNA analysis, β-catenin degradation assay, NF-κB reporter Molecular cell Medium 10882123
2007 β-TrCP (as part of SCF) mediates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the erythropoietin receptor (Epo-R); β-TrCP binds via its WD40 domain to a novel recognition motif (the ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis motif) in Epo-R; mutation of Ser462 abolishes β-TrCP binding, Epo-R ubiquitination, and degradation, causing prolonged Epo-R signaling and hypersensitivity to Epo. Co-IP, siRNA knockdown, site-directed mutagenesis, receptor degradation/endocytosis assay Blood Medium 17327410
2007 GSK-3β associates with and phosphorylates Mcl-1 at Ser155/Ser159/Thr163, leading to association with β-TrCP and SCF(β-TrCP)-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of Mcl-1; a triple-alanine Mcl-1 mutant (3A) resists phosphorylation, is not ubiquitinated by β-TrCP, is more stable, and blocks GSK-3β-induced apoptosis. Co-IP, in vitro kinase assay, ubiquitination assay, phospho-mutant analysis, apoptosis assay Molecular and cellular biology High 17387146
2007 β-TrCP1 degradation of PER2 is required for mammalian circadian rhythm generation; β-TrCP1-interaction-deficient PER2 variants are dramatically stabilized and disrupt circadian rhythmicity when expressed; β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 both target PER2 via the m2 degron site in vitro. Dominant-negative β-TrCP, siRNA, PER2 mutant expression, circadian reporter assay Journal of biological rhythms Medium 17876059
2008 Plk1, following Cdk1-dependent recruitment, phosphorylates a SCF(βTrCP) recognition site on hBora to trigger its ubiquitin-mediated destruction; Plk1 depletion causes massive hBora accumulation, Aurora A mislocalization, and centrosome maturation defects; co-depletion of hBora partially restores Aurora A localization and bipolar spindle formation. Co-IP, siRNA co-depletion, ubiquitination assay, immunofluorescence, epistasis Chromosoma Medium 18521620
2008 ERK-mediated phosphorylation of STAT1 at Ser727 targets it for proteasomal degradation by SCF(βTRCP); βTRCP binds wild-type STAT1 but not the non-phosphorylatable STAT1(S727A) mutant; silencing βTRCP or inhibiting ERK stabilizes STAT1. Co-IP, phospho-mutant analysis, siRNA, pharmacological ERK inhibition, STAT1 stability assay The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 18378670
2009 IKK2 phosphorylates p53 at Ser362 and Ser366, leading to p53 recruitment to and ubiquitination by β-TrCP1; this p53 degradation is independent of Mdm2; siRNA-mediated reduction of β-TrCP1 or dominant-negative β-TrCP1 enhances p53 stability; p53-S362A/S366A mutations reduce IKK2-mediated phosphorylation and β-TrCP1 association. Co-IP, siRNA, dominant-negative overexpression, phospho-mutant analysis, p53 stability assay, cell-cycle analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 19196987
2009 BimEL is phosphorylated on three serine residues in a conserved degron by Rsk1/2 (promoted by prior Erk1/2-mediated phosphorylation of Ser69), enabling binding and degradation via βTrCP; a BimEL phosphorylation mutant unable to bind βTrCP is stabilized and potently induces apoptosis by the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Co-IP, phospho-mutant analysis, kinase assay, apoptosis assay, siRNA Molecular cell High 19150432
2009 USP47 is a novel interactor of both β-Trcp1 and β-Trcp2; binding requires the β-Trcp WD-repeat region (point mutations abolish binding); unlike canonical β-TrCP substrates, USP47 protein levels are not affected by β-Trcp silencing; depletion of USP47 causes Cdc25A accumulation and decreased cell survival. Co-IP, WD-repeat point mutagenesis, siRNA knockdown, cell viability assay Oncogene Medium 19966869
2010 Human Plk4 undergoes βTrCP-dependent proteasomal degradation; Plk4 trans-autophosphorylation within homodimers creates the βTrCP binding/recognition site, promoting Plk4's own degradation; kinase-dead Plk4 disrupts trans-autophosphorylation, shielding endogenous Plk4 from βTrCP recognition and causing centriole overduplication. Protein stability assay, Co-IP, kinase-dead mutant overexpression, centriole counting Journal of cell science Medium 20516151
2011 DEPTOR is a physiological substrate of SCF(βTrCP); upon growth factor stimulation, RSK1 and S6K1 phosphorylate DEPTOR's degron sequence, enabling βTrCP binding and ubiquitination/degradation; blocking βTrCP-dependent DEPTOR degradation (via knockdown or stable mutant) inhibits mTOR and activates AKT. Co-IP, siRNA, stable degron mutant, mTOR/AKT activity assay Molecular cell High 22017876 22017877
2011 mTOR auto-amplification loop: mTORC1/2-mediated priming phosphorylation followed by CK1α phosphorylation of a conserved degron in DEPTOR facilitates βTrCP binding and degradation; blocking this pathway via βTrCP knockdown or stable DEPTOR mutant results in mTOR inhibition. Co-IP, siRNA, stable degron mutant, CK1α kinase assay Molecular cell High 22017877
2011 β-TrCP1 is mislocalized to the nucleus in glioblastoma (vs. cytoplasm in astrocytoma and normal brain), spatially separating it from its cytoplasmic substrate PHLPP1; restoring β-TrCP1 to the cytoplasm rescues the Akt-PHLPP1 negative feedback loop and β-catenin degradation. Subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence, pharmacological/genetic manipulation of localization, functional Akt/PHLPP1 assay The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 21454620
2011 βTrCP regulates BMI1 ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation; overexpression of wild-type βTrCP but not ΔF mutant promotes BMI1 ubiquitination; BMI1 recognition motif mutation stabilizes BMI1, increases its pro-oncogenic activity. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, ΔF mutant, recognition motif mutagenesis, cellular senescence assay Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Medium 21430439
2012 SCF(βTrCP) mediates proteasomal destruction of the deubiquitinase USP37 at the G2/M transition in a Plk1-dependent phosphorylation-dependent manner; USP37 interacts with βTrCP in a phospho-dependent manner; stabilization of a phospho-site mutant USP37 hinders the G2/M transition. Co-IP, siRNA, phospho-mutant analysis, cell-cycle analysis, Plk1 kinase assay The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 23027877
2012 β-TrCP1 targets HuR for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation upon metabolic stress (glycolysis inhibition); targeting requires PKCα-mediated Ser318 phosphorylation-dependent cytoplasmic translocation of HuR and IKKα-mediated phosphorylation at Ser304 in an unconventional β-TrCP1 recognition motif (EEAMAIAS). Co-IP, GST pull-down, ubiquitination assay, dominant-negative β-TrCP1, mutagenesis, subcellular fractionation The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 23115237
2013 SCFβ-TRCP mediates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of MTSS1; CK1δ phosphorylates Ser322 in the DSGXXS degron of MTSS1 to trigger β-TRCP interaction; depletion of Cullin 1 or β-TRCP1 increases MTSS1 levels; non-degradable MTSS1(S322A) shows stronger inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and migration. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, CK1δ kinase assay, siRNA knockdown, functional migration/proliferation assay Oncotarget Medium 24318128
2014 βTrCP controls lysosome-mediated degradation of CDK1; CDK1 is ubiquitinated by SCFβTrCP; DNA damage regulates βTrCP-induced CDK1 degradation in a cell-type-dependent manner. Ubiquitination assay, siRNA, lysosome inhibitor, DNA damage treatment Oncotarget Low 25149538
2015 DNA damage triggers β-TRCP-dependent degradation of CReP (a PP1 regulatory subunit targeting eIF2α); depletion of CReP is required for full induction of eIF2α phosphorylation after DNA damage, reducing cap-dependent translation during recovery. Ligase Trapping (ubiquitin ligase-ubiquitin binding domain fusion), stable mutant CReP, eIF2α phosphorylation assay, translation assay PLoS genetics Medium 26091241
2016 SAG/RBX2-CUL5 E3 ligase (with E2s UBCH10/UBE2S) ubiquitylates β-TrCP1 via atypical K11-linked polyubiquitin chains for proteasomal degradation; SAG and β-TrCP1 levels are inversely correlated; silencing UBCH10 or UBE2S (but not UBCH5C) causes β-TrCP1 accumulation. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay with linkage specificity, siRNA knockdown, protein stability assay Scientific reports Medium 27910872
2017 β-TrCP targets DMRT1 for ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation to control the mitosis-meiosis transition in mouse male germ cells; DMRT1 contains a consensus β-TrCP degron; conditional inactivation of β-TrCP2 in β-TrCP1 KO male germ cells results in sterility, failure to enter meiosis, and apoptosis; heterozygous deletion of Dmrt1 in β-TrCP-deficient spermatogonia partially rescues meiotic entry. Conditional knockout, Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, genetic epistasis (heterozygous Dmrt1 deletion), in vivo spermatogenesis analysis Development (Cambridge, England) High 28982686
2018 β-TrCP recognizes cyclin F through a non-canonical TSGXXS degron (phosphorylated by casein kinase II) and mediates its degradation at the G2/M transition; this degradation is required for timely mitotic progression. Co-IP, phospho-mutant analysis, siRNA, CK2 kinase assay, cell-cycle analysis Cell reports Medium 30257202
2018 FOXN2 is ubiquitinated and degraded by β-Trcp in a manner requiring RSK2-mediated phosphorylation of Ser365 and Ser369 in a conserved DSGYAS motif; β-Trcp/RSK2-mediated FOXN2 degradation promotes tumorigenesis and radioresistance in lung cancer. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, RSK2 kinase assay, phospho-mutant analysis, gain/loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo Cell death and differentiation Medium 29396548
2018 TSPAN15 interacts specifically with BTRC to promote ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of phosphorylated IκBα, triggering NF-κB nuclear translocation and transcription of metastasis-related genes (ICAM1, VCAM1, MMP9, etc.) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, siRNA, NF-κB nuclear translocation assay, functional metastasis assay Nature communications Medium 29650964
2019 PARP11 mono-ADP-ribosylates β-TrCP; mono-ADP-ribosylation of β-TrCP promotes IFNAR1 ubiquitination and degradation, attenuating IFN-I antiviral signaling; PARP11 is upregulated by viral infection to promote this immune evasion mechanism. Co-IP, ADP-ribosylation assay, IFNAR1 stability assay, siRNA, mouse viral infection model Nature microbiology High 30988430
2019 ERAP1 binds USP47, displaces USP47-associated βTrCP, and promotes βTrCP degradation, leading to modulation of Gli transcription factors and enhancement of Hedgehog pathway activity; pharmacological inhibition of ERAP1 suppresses Hh-dependent tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Co-IP, βTrCP stability assay, Gli reporter assay, pharmacological inhibition, in vivo tumor model Nature communications Medium 31341163
2019 β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 are physiological substrates of SCF E3 ligase and mutually target each other for ubiquitination and degradation via their respective β-TrCP degron sequences; AMPK activated by glucose deprivation phosphorylates β-TrCP1, promoting its degradation by β-TrCP2 (but not vice versa); β-TrCP2 preferentially degrades DEPTOR and REDD1 (mTORC1 inhibitors) to activate mTORC1 and inhibit autophagy. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, AMPK kinase assay, degron mutant analysis, autophagy assay Cell death and differentiation Medium 31406304
2021 βTrCP is the E3 ligase for ubiquitination of transferrin receptor (TFRC); TRIB2 desensitizes cells to ferroptosis by facilitating βTrCP-mediated TFRC ubiquitination and degradation to decrease labile iron pools; βTrCP knockout abolishes TRIB2-mediated iron reduction and ferroptosis resistance. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, βTrCP knockout, labile iron pool measurement, ferroptosis assay Cell death discovery Medium 34315867
2008 Alternative splicing of β-TrCP1 produces isoforms where exon III insertion prevents Skp1 interaction and causes nuclear (vs. cytoplasmic) localization; exon-III-containing isoforms show reduced ability to antagonize Wnt/β-catenin signaling in Xenopus. Yeast two-hybrid, immunofluorescence of isoforms, Xenopus axis assay Cellular signalling Low 18929646
2005 FGD1 (a Cdc42 GEF) is a substrate of SCF(FWD1/β-TrCP); recognition requires phosphorylation of conserved serines in the DSGIDS motif; a phosphorylation-deficient FGD1(SA) mutant does not interact with FWD1/β-TrCP, is more stable, and shows enhanced cell motility; co-expression of SCF(FWD1/β-TrCP) reduces FGD1(WT)-induced morphological changes but not those of FGD1(SA). Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, phospho-mutant analysis, cell morphology and motility assay Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms Medium 15743413
2002 CK2-dependent phosphorylation of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC3B at Ser233 induces its interaction with β-TrCP; co-transfection of CK2α' with UBC3B (but not a C-terminal deletion) enhances β-catenin degradation. Yeast two-hybrid, Co-IP, in vitro phosphorylation, β-catenin degradation assay Oncogene Low 12037680
2016 RVFV NSs interacts with both FBXW11 (β-TrCP2) and β-TrCP1 and recruits SCF E3 ligase complexes containing these F-box proteins to target the antiviral kinase PKR for proteasomal degradation; siRNA depletion of both paralogs is required for maximal PKR protection. siRNA screen of ~70 F-box proteins, Co-IP, PKR stability assay, viral replication assay Journal of virology Medium 27122577

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2008 Deregulated proteolysis by the F-box proteins SKP2 and beta-TrCP: tipping the scales of cancer. Nature reviews. Cancer 816 18500245
2006 S6K1- and betaTRCP-mediated degradation of PDCD4 promotes protein translation and cell growth. Science (New York, N.Y.) 610 17053147
1999 The F-box protein beta-TrCP associates with phosphorylated beta-catenin and regulates its activity in the cell. Current biology : CB 600 10074433
2003 Structure of a beta-TrCP1-Skp1-beta-catenin complex: destruction motif binding and lysine specificity of the SCF(beta-TrCP1) ubiquitin ligase. Molecular cell 562 12820959
1999 An F-box protein, FWD1, mediates ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of beta-catenin. The EMBO journal 481 10228155
1999 The human F box protein beta-Trcp associates with the Cul1/Skp1 complex and regulates the stability of beta-catenin. Oncogene 396 10023660
2003 Degradation of Cdc25A by beta-TrCP during S phase and in response to DNA damage. Nature 381 14603323
1999 beta-Trcp couples beta-catenin phosphorylation-degradation and regulates Xenopus axis formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 354 10339577
2007 Degradation of Mcl-1 by beta-TrCP mediates glycogen synthase kinase 3-induced tumor suppression and chemosensitization. Molecular and cellular biology 335 17387146
2003 Control of meiotic and mitotic progression by the F box protein beta-Trcp1 in vivo. Developmental cell 327 12791266
2003 Prophase destruction of Emi1 by the SCF(betaTrCP/Slimb) ubiquitin ligase activates the anaphase promoting complex to allow progression beyond prometaphase. Developmental cell 302 12791267
2004 The many faces of beta-TrCP E3 ubiquitin ligases: reflections in the magic mirror of cancer. Oncogene 285 15021890
2011 DEPTOR, an mTOR inhibitor, is a physiological substrate of SCF(βTrCP) E3 ubiquitin ligase and regulates survival and autophagy. Molecular cell 245 22017876
2001 ATF4 degradation relies on a phosphorylation-dependent interaction with the SCF(betaTrCP) ubiquitin ligase. Molecular and cellular biology 229 11238952
1999 Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of IkappaBalpha is mediated by a ubiquitin ligase Skp1/Cul 1/F-box protein FWD1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 188 10097128
2011 mTOR generates an auto-amplification loop by triggering the βTrCP- and CK1α-dependent degradation of DEPTOR. Molecular cell 181 22017877
2010 Plk4 trans-autophosphorylation regulates centriole number by controlling betaTrCP-mediated degradation. Journal of cell science 176 20516151
2009 betaTrCP- and Rsk1/2-mediated degradation of BimEL inhibits apoptosis. Molecular cell 164 19150432
2015 Dual regulation of transcription factor Nrf2 by Keap1 and by the combined actions of β-TrCP and GSK-3. Biochemical Society transactions 161 26551701
2000 Wnt/beta-catenin signaling induces the expression and activity of betaTrCP ubiquitin ligase receptor. Molecular cell 157 10882123
2004 Associations among beta-TrCP, an E3 ubiquitin ligase receptor, beta-catenin, and NF-kappaB in colorectal cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 149 15292388
2003 FWD1-mediated degradation of FREQUENCY in Neurospora establishes a conserved mechanism for circadian clock regulation. The EMBO journal 149 12941694
2007 Beta-TrCP1-mediated degradation of PERIOD2 is essential for circadian dynamics. Journal of biological rhythms 145 17876059
2009 Phosphorylation of p53 by IkappaB kinase 2 promotes its degradation by beta-TrCP. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 130 19196987
2008 Plk1 regulates mitotic Aurora A function through betaTrCP-dependent degradation of hBora. Chromosoma 130 18521620
1998 beta-TrCP is a negative regulator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and dorsal axis formation in Xenopus embryos. Mechanisms of development 125 9784611
2006 Gli2 is targeted for ubiquitination and degradation by beta-TrCP ubiquitin ligase. The Journal of biological chemistry 122 16651270
1999 Inducible degradation of IkappaBalpha by the proteasome requires interaction with the F-box protein h-betaTrCP. The Journal of biological chemistry 118 10075690
2001 Shared pathways of IkappaB kinase-induced SCF(betaTrCP)-mediated ubiquitination and degradation for the NF-kappaB precursor p105 and IkappaBalpha. Molecular and cellular biology 117 11158290
2003 betaTrCP-mediated proteolysis of NF-kappaB1 p105 requires phosphorylation of p105 serines 927 and 932. Molecular and cellular biology 116 12482991
2015 EBV-miR-BART10-3p facilitates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting BTRC. Oncotarget 101 26497204
2012 The Fbw7 and betaTRCP E3 ubiquitin ligases and their roles in tumorigenesis. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) 100 22652772
2018 USP24 induces IL-6 in tumor-associated microenvironment by stabilizing p300 and β-TrCP and promotes cancer malignancy. Nature communications 98 30266897
2003 Impaired degradation of inhibitory subunit of NF-kappa B (I kappa B) and beta-catenin as a result of targeted disruption of the beta-TrCP1 gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97 12843402
2002 Molecular genetic analysis of malignant melanomas for aberrations of the WNT signaling pathway genes CTNNB1, APC, ICAT and BTRC. International journal of cancer 94 12124804
2019 ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 modulates the interferon antiviral response by mono-ADP-ribosylating the ubiquitin E3 ligase β-TrCP. Nature microbiology 89 30988430
2014 KRAS protein stability is regulated through SMURF2: UBCH5 complex-mediated β-TrCP1 degradation. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 87 24709419
2005 beta-TrCP binding and processing of NF-kappaB2/p100 involve its phosphorylation at serines 866 and 870. Cellular signalling 87 16303288
2004 Smad4 protein stability is regulated by ubiquitin ligase SCF beta-TrCP1. The Journal of biological chemistry 87 14988407
2006 Oncogenic BRAF regulates beta-Trcp expression and NF-kappaB activity in human melanoma cells. Oncogene 86 17001349
2018 TSPAN15 interacts with BTRC to promote oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis via activating NF-κB signaling. Nature communications 78 29650964
1999 Common pathway for the ubiquitination of IkappaBalpha, IkappaBbeta, and IkappaBepsilon mediated by the F-box protein FWD1. The Journal of biological chemistry 75 10497169
2003 HIV-1 Vpu sequesters beta-transducin repeat-containing protein (betaTrCP) in the cytoplasm and provokes the accumulation of beta-catenin and other SCFbetaTrCP substrates. The Journal of biological chemistry 74 14561767
2009 BMP-2 modulates beta-catenin signaling through stimulation of Lrp5 expression and inhibition of beta-TrCP expression in osteoblasts. Journal of cellular biochemistry 72 19795382
2009 The ubiquitin-specific protease USP47 is a novel beta-TRCP interactor regulating cell survival. Oncogene 71 19966869
2008 The role of {beta}-TrCP1 and {beta}-TrCP2 in circadian rhythm generation by mediating degradation of clock protein PER2. Journal of biochemistry 67 18782782
2020 The characteristics and roles of β-TrCP1/2 in carcinogenesis. The FEBS journal 60 33021036
2007 beta-Trcp mediates ubiquitination and degradation of the erythropoietin receptor and controls cell proliferation. Blood 58 17327410
2011 β-TrCP is dispensable for Vpu's ability to overcome the CD317/Tetherin-imposed restriction to HIV-1 release. Retrovirology 56 21310048
2007 The ubiquitin ligase SCF(betaTrCP) regulates the degradation of the growth hormone receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry 54 17500058
2021 TRIB2 desensitizes ferroptosis via βTrCP-mediated TFRC ubiquitiantion in liver cancer cells. Cell death discovery 53 34315867
2012 Erioflorin stabilizes the tumor suppressor Pdcd4 by inhibiting its interaction with the E3-ligase β-TrCP1. PloS one 53 23056346
2012 The mRNA-stabilizing factor HuR protein is targeted by β-TrCP protein for degradation in response to glycolysis inhibition. The Journal of biological chemistry 52 23115237
1999 beta-TrCP mediates the signal-induced ubiquitination of IkappaBbeta. The Journal of biological chemistry 52 10514424
2016 NSs Virulence Factor of Rift Valley Fever Virus Engages the F-Box Proteins FBXW11 and β-TRCP1 To Degrade the Antiviral Protein Kinase PKR. Journal of virology 51 27122577
2014 TRIB2 inhibits Wnt/β-Catenin/TCF4 signaling through its associated ubiquitin E3 ligases, β-TrCP, COP1 and Smurf1, in liver cancer cells. FEBS letters 51 25311538
2005 SCF(beta-TrCP1) controls Smad4 protein stability in pancreatic cancer cells. The American journal of pathology 51 15855639
2019 ERAP1 promotes Hedgehog-dependent tumorigenesis by controlling USP47-mediated degradation of βTrCP. Nature communications 50 31341163
2007 Somatic mutations of the beta-TrCP gene in gastric cancer. APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica 48 17295679
2009 An insertion/deletion polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region of beta-transducin repeat-containing protein (betaTrCP) is associated with susceptibility for hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 47 19931512
2007 Regulated degradation of the HIV-1 Vpu protein through a betaTrCP-independent pathway limits the release of viral particles. PLoS pathogens 47 17676996
2011 βTrCP regulates BMI1 protein turnover via ubiquitination and degradation. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 46 21430439
2008 Novel insights into FGD3, a putative GEF for Cdc42, that undergoes SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP)-mediated proteasomal degradation analogous to that of its homologue FGD1 but regulates cell morphology and motility differently from FGD1. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 46 18363964
2008 ERK and the F-box protein betaTRCP target STAT1 for degradation. The Journal of biological chemistry 46 18378670
2007 RASSF1C, an isoform of the tumor suppressor RASSF1A, promotes the accumulation of beta-catenin by interacting with betaTrCP. Cancer research 46 17283138
2006 Pin1 stabilizes Emi1 during G2 phase by preventing its association with SCF(betatrcp). EMBO reports 45 17159919
2019 p38 Stabilizes Snail by Suppressing DYRK2-Mediated Phosphorylation That Is Required for GSK3β-βTrCP-Induced Snail Degradation. Cancer research 44 31209060
2019 The cross talk of two family members of β-TrCP in the regulation of cell autophagy and growth. Cell death and differentiation 44 31406304
2018 β-Trcp ubiquitin ligase and RSK2 kinase-mediated degradation of FOXN2 promotes tumorigenesis and radioresistance in lung cancer. Cell death and differentiation 44 29396548
2002 CK2-dependent phosphorylation of the E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBC3B induces its interaction with beta-TrCP and enhances beta-catenin degradation. Oncogene 44 12037680
2011 Mislocalization of the E3 ligase, β-transducin repeat-containing protein 1 (β-TrCP1), in glioblastoma uncouples negative feedback between the pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1) and Akt. The Journal of biological chemistry 43 21454620
2008 Epigenetic silencing of AXIN2/betaTrCP and deregulation of p53-mediated control lead to wild-type beta-catenin nuclear accumulation in lung tumorigenesis. Oncogene 43 18372914
2013 SCF β-TRCP targets MTSS1 for ubiquitination-mediated destruction to regulate cancer cell proliferation and migration. Oncotarget 42 24318128
2012 Skp1-Cul1-F-box ubiquitin ligase (SCF(βTrCP))-mediated destruction of the ubiquitin-specific protease USP37 during G2-phase promotes mitotic entry. The Journal of biological chemistry 42 23027877
2005 Overexpression of human beta TrCP1 deleted of its F box induces tumorigenesis in transgenic mice. Oncogene 41 15735746
2017 β-TrCP1 Is a Vacillatory Regulator of Wnt Signaling. Cell chemical biology 40 28736239
2010 beta-TrCP inhibition reduces prostate cancer cell growth via upregulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. PloS one 40 20140206
2022 TRIM67 Suppresses TNFalpha-Triggered NF-kB Activation by Competitively Binding Beta-TrCP to IkBa. Frontiers in immunology 39 35273593
2020 The circular RNA FAM169A functions as a competitive endogenous RNA and regulates intervertebral disc degeneration by targeting miR-583 and BTRC. Cell death & disease 38 32366862
2016 SAG/RBX2 E3 ligase complexes with UBCH10 and UBE2S E2s to ubiquitylate β-TrCP1 via K11-linkage for degradation. Scientific reports 37 27910872
1999 Molecular dissection of the interactions among IkappaBalpha, FWD1, and Skp1 required for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of IkappaBalpha. The Journal of biological chemistry 37 10514433
2015 CD166 positively regulates MCAM via inhibition to ubiquitin E3 ligases Smurf1 and βTrCP through PI3K/AKT and c-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling in Bel-7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cellular signalling 35 26004137
2018 β-TrCP- and Casein Kinase II-Mediated Degradation of Cyclin F Controls Timely Mitotic Progression. Cell reports 33 30257202
2015 Erbin is a novel substrate of the Sag-βTrCP E3 ligase that regulates KrasG12D-induced skin tumorigenesis. The Journal of cell biology 33 26056141
2005 Regulation of lung cancer cell growth and invasiveness by beta-TRCP. Molecular carcinogenesis 32 15536641
2015 DNA Damage Regulates Translation through β-TRCP Targeting of CReP. PLoS genetics 30 26091241
2006 Silencing of both beta-TrCP1 and HOS (beta-TrCP2) is required to suppress human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu-mediated CD4 down-modulation. Journal of virology 30 17121803
2013 Hsp27 and F-box protein β-TrCP promote degradation of mRNA decay factor AUF1. Molecular and cellular biology 28 23530064
2023 The novel β-TrCP protein isoform hidden in circular RNA confers trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. Redox biology 27 37783059
2019 Merkel cell polyomavirus Tumor antigens expressed in Merkel cell carcinoma function independently of the ubiquitin ligases Fbw7 and β-TrCP. PLoS pathogens 27 30689667
2008 Multiple isoforms of beta-TrCP display differential activities in the regulation of Wnt signaling. Cellular signalling 27 18929646
2004 Hierarchical order of phosphorylation events commits Cdc25A to betaTrCP-dependent degradation. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 27 14752276
2021 β-Trcp and CK1δ-mediated degradation of LZTS2 activates PI3K/AKT signaling to drive tumorigenesis and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 26 33420362
2017 Regulation of mitosis-meiosis transition by the ubiquitin ligase β-TrCP in male germ cells. Development (Cambridge, England) 26 28982686
2016 Increased βTrCP are associated with imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice via NF-κB signaling pathway. Gene 25 27476970
2014 βTrCP controls the lysosome-mediated degradation of CDK1, whose accumulation correlates with tumor malignancy. Oncotarget 25 25149538
2019 An E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM9 is involved in WSSV infection via interaction with β-TrCP. Developmental and comparative immunology 24 30910419
2017 G1/S phase progression is regulated by PLK1 degradation through the CDK1/βTrCP axis. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 23 28360195
2005 The FWD1/beta-TrCP-mediated degradation pathway establishes a 'turning off switch' of a Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, FGD1. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 23 15743413
2021 WBP2 promotes BTRC mRNA stability to drive migration and invasion in triple-negative breast cancer via NF-κB activation. Molecular oncology 21 34197030

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