{"gene":"DCTN4","run_date":"2026-06-09T23:54:41","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2006,"finding":"DCTN4 (dynactin subunit p62) was identified as a binding partner of the Wilson disease copper ATPase ATP7B via yeast two-hybrid screening of a human liver cDNA library, confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation from mammalian cells. The interaction required copper, the metal-binding CXXC motifs, and the region between MBS 4 and MBS 6 of ATP7B. DCTN4 did not interact with the related copper ATPase ATP7A.","method":"Yeast two-hybrid screen + co-immunoprecipitation from mammalian cells; domain-mapping with CXXC mutants","journal":"The Journal of biological chemistry","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — reciprocal yeast two-hybrid and co-IP from mammalian cells with domain mapping, single lab, two orthogonal methods","pmids":["16554302"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2021,"finding":"DCTN4 (p62 subunit of dynactin) interacts with the HSV-1 major capsid protein VP5 (ICP5) at early times post-infection, as shown by co-immunoprecipitation, and this interaction is part of the dynactin-dependent retrograde transport of virion capsids toward the nucleus of infected cells.","method":"Co-immunoprecipitation from HSV-1-infected cells; shRNA knockdown of dynactin subunits with assessment of intracellular capsid transport","journal":"Journal of virology","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — co-IP with functional shRNA knockdown of dynactin subunits, single lab, two orthogonal methods","pmids":["33472938"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2013,"finding":"siRNA knockdown of DCTN4 in mouse Hepa-1 cells reduced AHR expression and abolished TCDD-induced CYP1A1 mRNA induction, establishing DCTN4 as required for AHR expression and AHR-dependent transcriptional induction of CYP1A1.","method":"Genome-wide siRNA screen (5600-gene library) with secondary esiRNA confirmation and qRT-PCR for CYP1A1 mRNA and AHR protein","journal":"Toxicological sciences","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — redundant siRNA screen validated by secondary esiRNA and mRNA assays, single lab, two orthogonal confirmation methods","pmids":["23997114"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2025,"finding":"CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of the dctn4 microexon in zebrafish resulted in mild neural phenotypes (altered brain activity patterns) at the larval stage, indicating the microexon-encoded sequence contributes to normal brain function.","method":"CRISPR/Cas9 microexon deletion in zebrafish; larval brain activity imaging and behavioral assays","journal":"eLife","confidence":"Low","confidence_rationale":"Tier 3 / Weak — single-organism loss-of-function with mild phenotype, single lab, no molecular pathway placement","pmids":["41252186"],"is_preprint":false}],"current_model":"DCTN4 (dynactin subunit p62) functions as part of the dynactin complex that links cargo to cytoplasmic dynein for retrograde microtubule-mediated transport; it directly binds the copper ATPase ATP7B in a copper-dependent manner to facilitate copper-regulated vesicular trafficking, interacts with the HSV-1 capsid protein VP5 to support viral capsid transport toward the nucleus, and is required for AHR protein expression and downstream CYP1A1 transcriptional induction."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"DCTN4 (dynactin subunit p62) functions as a cargo-adaptor component of the dynactin complex that supports microtubule-based retrograde transport, with documented roles in copper handling, viral capsid trafficking, and xenobiotic signaling [PMID:16554302, PMID:33472938]. It binds the Wilson disease copper ATPase ATP7B in a copper-dependent manner, requiring the metal-binding CXXC motifs and the region between MBS 4 and MBS 6 of ATP7B, and does not engage the related ATPase ATP7A, indicating a selective link between dynactin and copper-regulated vesicular trafficking [PMID:16554302]. During HSV-1 infection DCTN4 interacts with the major capsid protein VP5 (ICP5) at early times post-infection, contributing to dynactin-dependent retrograde transport of incoming capsids toward the nucleus [PMID:33472938]. DCTN4 is also required for AHR protein expression and TCDD-induced CYP1A1 transcriptional induction [PMID:23997114]. Beyond these interaction and requirement findings, the structural basis of cargo selection and the mechanism by which DCTN4 supports AHR expression have not been characterized in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2006,"claim":"Established that the dynactin subunit DCTN4 physically and selectively links to the copper-transporting ATPase ATP7B, connecting retrograde transport machinery to copper homeostasis.","evidence":"Yeast two-hybrid screen of a human liver cDNA library with co-IP from mammalian cells and CXXC domain-mapping","pmids":["16554302"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Functional consequence of the interaction for ATP7B trafficking not demonstrated","No structural model of the DCTN4-ATP7B interface","Single lab; physiological relevance in hepatocytes not established"]},{"year":2013,"claim":"Identified DCTN4 as required for AHR protein expression and AHR-dependent CYP1A1 induction, placing the subunit in xenobiotic-response signaling beyond classical transport.","evidence":"Genome-wide siRNA screen in mouse Hepa-1 cells with esiRNA confirmation and qRT-PCR for CYP1A1 and AHR","pmids":["23997114"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Mechanism by which DCTN4 supports AHR expression unknown","Whether the effect depends on dynactin transport function not tested","Direct versus indirect relationship to AHR not resolved"]},{"year":2021,"claim":"Showed DCTN4 binds the HSV-1 capsid protein VP5 and participates in dynactin-dependent retrograde capsid transport, demonstrating a viral cargo for the subunit.","evidence":"Co-IP from HSV-1-infected cells plus shRNA knockdown of dynactin subunits with capsid-transport readout","pmids":["33472938"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Whether DCTN4 directly contacts VP5 versus via the dynactin complex unclear","No reciprocal validation or interface mapping","Quantitative contribution of DCTN4 relative to other subunits not isolated"]},{"year":2025,"claim":"Tested the in vivo role of the DCTN4 microexon, indicating the alternatively spliced sequence contributes to normal brain function.","evidence":"CRISPR/Cas9 microexon deletion in zebrafish with larval brain-activity imaging and behavioral assays","pmids":["41252186"],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["Single-organism loss-of-function with only mild phenotype and no molecular pathway placement","Molecular function of the microexon-encoded sequence unknown","Relevance to mammalian DCTN4 not established"]},{"year":null,"claim":"How DCTN4 selects and discriminates among its diverse cargoes and whether its non-transport roles (AHR expression) depend on the dynactin complex remain unresolved.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["No structural model of DCTN4 within dynactin or at cargo interfaces","Mechanistic link between DCTN4 and AHR expression uncharacterized","Physiological role in mammalian copper trafficking not demonstrated"]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[{"term_id":"GO:0060090","term_label":"molecular adaptor activity","supporting_discovery_ids":[0,1]}],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":["dynactin"],"partners":["ATP7B","VP5"],"other_free_text":[]}},"prefetch_data":{"uniprot":{"accession":"Q9UJW0","full_name":"Dynactin subunit 4","aliases":["Dynactin subunit p62"],"length_aa":460,"mass_kda":52.3,"function":"Part of the dynactin complex that activates the molecular motor dynein for ultra-processive transport along microtubules","subcellular_location":"Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, stress fiber; Cytoplasm, cell cortex; Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9UJW0/entry"},"depmap":{"release":"DepMap","has_data":true,"is_common_essential":true,"resolved_as":"","url":"https://depmap.org/portal/gene/DCTN4","classification":"Common Essential","n_dependent_lines":1090,"n_total_lines":1208,"dependency_fraction":0.902317880794702},"opencell":{"profiled":false,"resolved_as":"","ensg_id":"","cell_line_id":"","localizations":[],"interactors":[{"gene":"CAPZB","stoichiometry":4.0},{"gene":"DCTN2","stoichiometry":4.0},{"gene":"DYNC1LI1","stoichiometry":4.0},{"gene":"ACTB","stoichiometry":0.2},{"gene":"ACTG1","stoichiometry":0.2},{"gene":"CLASP1","stoichiometry":0.2},{"gene":"CLIP1","stoichiometry":0.2},{"gene":"DYNC1I2","stoichiometry":0.2},{"gene":"DYNLL1","stoichiometry":0.2},{"gene":"TNPO1","stoichiometry":0.2}],"url":"https://opencell.sf.czbiohub.org/search/DCTN4","total_profiled":1310},"omim":[{"mim_id":"614758","title":"DYNACTIN 4; DCTN4","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/614758"},{"mim_id":"606882","title":"ATPase, Cu(2+)-TRANSPORTING, BETA POLYPEPTIDE; ATP7B","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/606882"},{"mim_id":"605143","title":"ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN 1A; ACTR1A","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/605143"},{"mim_id":"219700","title":"CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/219700"}],"hpa":{"profiled":true,"resolved_as":"","reliability":"Approved","locations":[{"location":"Nucleoplasm","reliability":"Approved"},{"location":"Centrosome","reliability":"Approved"},{"location":"Calyx","reliability":"Additional"}],"tissue_specificity":"Low tissue specificity","tissue_distribution":"Detected in all","driving_tissues":[],"url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/search/DCTN4"},"hgnc":{"alias_symbol":["Dyn4","p62"],"prev_symbol":[]},"alphafold":{"accession":"Q9UJW0","domains":[{"cath_id":"-","chopping":"25-68_269-304","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":94.0155,"start":25,"end":304},{"cath_id":"-","chopping":"70-135_234-268","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":89.5296,"start":70,"end":268},{"cath_id":"2.60.40","chopping":"307-456","consensus_level":"high","plddt":83.9859,"start":307,"end":456}],"viewer_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/Q9UJW0","model_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/files/AF-Q9UJW0-F1-model_v6.cif","pae_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/files/AF-Q9UJW0-F1-predicted_aligned_error_v6.png","plddt_mean":84.31},"mouse_models":{"mgi_url":"https://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/summary?nomen=DCTN4","jax_strain_url":"https://www.jax.org/strain/search?query=DCTN4"},"sequence":{"accession":"Q9UJW0","fasta_url":"https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9UJW0.fasta","uniprot_url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9UJW0/entry","alphafold_viewer_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/Q9UJW0"}},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"22772370","id":"PMC_22772370","title":"Exome sequencing of extreme phenotypes identifies DCTN4 as a modifier of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis.","date":"2012","source":"Nature genetics","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22772370","citation_count":171,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"16554302","id":"PMC_16554302","title":"Copper-dependent interaction of dynactin subunit p62 with the N terminus of ATP7B but not ATP7A.","date":"2006","source":"The Journal of biological chemistry","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16554302","citation_count":54,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"1908397","id":"PMC_1908397","title":"Mutational analysis of the Drosophila miniature-dusky (m-dy) locus: effects on cell size and circadian rhythms.","date":"1991","source":"Genetics","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1908397","citation_count":41,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"26047157","id":"PMC_26047157","title":"Exome Sequencing of Phenotypic Extremes Identifies CAV2 and TMC6 as Interacting Modifiers of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Cystic Fibrosis.","date":"2015","source":"PLoS genetics","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26047157","citation_count":38,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"33116576","id":"PMC_33116576","title":"Linc01094 Accelerates the Growth and Metastatic-Related Traits of Glioblastoma by Sponging miR-126-5p.","date":"2020","source":"OncoTargets and therapy","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33116576","citation_count":30,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"33472938","id":"PMC_33472938","title":"Cellular and Viral Determinants of HSV-1 Entry and Intracellular Transport towards Nucleus of Infected Cells.","date":"2021","source":"Journal of virology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33472938","citation_count":26,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"23997114","id":"PMC_23997114","title":"Genome-wide RNAi high-throughput screen identifies proteins necessary for the AHR-dependent induction of CYP1A1 by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.","date":"2013","source":"Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23997114","citation_count":14,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"25763772","id":"PMC_25763772","title":"DCTN4 as a modifier of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis.","date":"2015","source":"The clinical respiratory journal","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25763772","citation_count":10,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"31804013","id":"PMC_31804013","title":"Role of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Risk Variants With Opposing Functional Effects as a Driver of Hypomorphic Expression of TNIP1 and Other Genes Within a Three-Dimensional Chromatin Network.","date":"2020","source":"Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31804013","citation_count":9,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"41252186","id":"PMC_41252186","title":"Removal of developmentally regulated microexons has a minimal impact on larval zebrafish brain morphology and function.","date":"2025","source":"eLife","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41252186","citation_count":4,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"27193124","id":"PMC_27193124","title":"V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (AKT3) contributes to poor disease outcome in humans and mice with pneumococcal meningitis.","date":"2016","source":"Acta neuropathologica communications","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27193124","citation_count":4,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"35409691","id":"PMC_35409691","title":"Discriminating Potential Genetic Markers for Complete Response and Non-Complete Response Patients to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.","date":"2022","source":"International journal of environmental research and public health","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35409691","citation_count":4,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"35715770","id":"PMC_35715770","title":"Comprehensive analysis reveals COPB2 and RYK associated with tumor stages of larynx squamous cell carcinoma.","date":"2022","source":"BMC cancer","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35715770","citation_count":3,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"35035484","id":"PMC_35035484","title":"Identification of DNA Repair-Related Genes Predicting Clinical Outcome for Thyroid Cancer.","date":"2022","source":"Journal of oncology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35035484","citation_count":1,"is_preprint":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":10056,"output_tokens":1059,"usd":0.023026,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":7601,"output_tokens":1839,"usd":0.04199,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.065016,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01AsR7g8dGTEiEw9U83bJeWn","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01YV5ZyxtFNUZEjxRcpd9jzb","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2006,\n      \"finding\": \"DCTN4 (dynactin subunit p62) was identified as a binding partner of the Wilson disease copper ATPase ATP7B via yeast two-hybrid screening of a human liver cDNA library, confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation from mammalian cells. The interaction required copper, the metal-binding CXXC motifs, and the region between MBS 4 and MBS 6 of ATP7B. DCTN4 did not interact with the related copper ATPase ATP7A.\",\n      \"method\": \"Yeast two-hybrid screen + co-immunoprecipitation from mammalian cells; domain-mapping with CXXC mutants\",\n      \"journal\": \"The Journal of biological chemistry\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — reciprocal yeast two-hybrid and co-IP from mammalian cells with domain mapping, single lab, two orthogonal methods\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"16554302\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2021,\n      \"finding\": \"DCTN4 (p62 subunit of dynactin) interacts with the HSV-1 major capsid protein VP5 (ICP5) at early times post-infection, as shown by co-immunoprecipitation, and this interaction is part of the dynactin-dependent retrograde transport of virion capsids toward the nucleus of infected cells.\",\n      \"method\": \"Co-immunoprecipitation from HSV-1-infected cells; shRNA knockdown of dynactin subunits with assessment of intracellular capsid transport\",\n      \"journal\": \"Journal of virology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — co-IP with functional shRNA knockdown of dynactin subunits, single lab, two orthogonal methods\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"33472938\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2013,\n      \"finding\": \"siRNA knockdown of DCTN4 in mouse Hepa-1 cells reduced AHR expression and abolished TCDD-induced CYP1A1 mRNA induction, establishing DCTN4 as required for AHR expression and AHR-dependent transcriptional induction of CYP1A1.\",\n      \"method\": \"Genome-wide siRNA screen (5600-gene library) with secondary esiRNA confirmation and qRT-PCR for CYP1A1 mRNA and AHR protein\",\n      \"journal\": \"Toxicological sciences\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — redundant siRNA screen validated by secondary esiRNA and mRNA assays, single lab, two orthogonal confirmation methods\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"23997114\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2025,\n      \"finding\": \"CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of the dctn4 microexon in zebrafish resulted in mild neural phenotypes (altered brain activity patterns) at the larval stage, indicating the microexon-encoded sequence contributes to normal brain function.\",\n      \"method\": \"CRISPR/Cas9 microexon deletion in zebrafish; larval brain activity imaging and behavioral assays\",\n      \"journal\": \"eLife\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 3 / Weak — single-organism loss-of-function with mild phenotype, single lab, no molecular pathway placement\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"41252186\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"DCTN4 (dynactin subunit p62) functions as part of the dynactin complex that links cargo to cytoplasmic dynein for retrograde microtubule-mediated transport; it directly binds the copper ATPase ATP7B in a copper-dependent manner to facilitate copper-regulated vesicular trafficking, interacts with the HSV-1 capsid protein VP5 to support viral capsid transport toward the nucleus, and is required for AHR protein expression and downstream CYP1A1 transcriptional induction.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"DCTN4 (dynactin subunit p62) functions as a cargo-adaptor component of the dynactin complex that supports microtubule-based retrograde transport, with documented roles in copper handling, viral capsid trafficking, and xenobiotic signaling [#0, #1]. It binds the Wilson disease copper ATPase ATP7B in a copper-dependent manner, requiring the metal-binding CXXC motifs and the region between MBS 4 and MBS 6 of ATP7B, and does not engage the related ATPase ATP7A, indicating a selective link between dynactin and copper-regulated vesicular trafficking [#0]. During HSV-1 infection DCTN4 interacts with the major capsid protein VP5 (ICP5) at early times post-infection, contributing to dynactin-dependent retrograde transport of incoming capsids toward the nucleus [#1]. DCTN4 is also required for AHR protein expression and TCDD-induced CYP1A1 transcriptional induction [#2]. Beyond these interaction and requirement findings, the structural basis of cargo selection and the mechanism by which DCTN4 supports AHR expression have not been characterized in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2006,\n      \"claim\": \"Established that the dynactin subunit DCTN4 physically and selectively links to the copper-transporting ATPase ATP7B, connecting retrograde transport machinery to copper homeostasis.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Yeast two-hybrid screen of a human liver cDNA library with co-IP from mammalian cells and CXXC domain-mapping\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"16554302\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Functional consequence of the interaction for ATP7B trafficking not demonstrated\",\n        \"No structural model of the DCTN4-ATP7B interface\",\n        \"Single lab; physiological relevance in hepatocytes not established\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2013,\n      \"claim\": \"Identified DCTN4 as required for AHR protein expression and AHR-dependent CYP1A1 induction, placing the subunit in xenobiotic-response signaling beyond classical transport.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Genome-wide siRNA screen in mouse Hepa-1 cells with esiRNA confirmation and qRT-PCR for CYP1A1 and AHR\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"23997114\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Mechanism by which DCTN4 supports AHR expression unknown\",\n        \"Whether the effect depends on dynactin transport function not tested\",\n        \"Direct versus indirect relationship to AHR not resolved\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2021,\n      \"claim\": \"Showed DCTN4 binds the HSV-1 capsid protein VP5 and participates in dynactin-dependent retrograde capsid transport, demonstrating a viral cargo for the subunit.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Co-IP from HSV-1-infected cells plus shRNA knockdown of dynactin subunits with capsid-transport readout\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"33472938\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Whether DCTN4 directly contacts VP5 versus via the dynactin complex unclear\",\n        \"No reciprocal validation or interface mapping\",\n        \"Quantitative contribution of DCTN4 relative to other subunits not isolated\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2025,\n      \"claim\": \"Tested the in vivo role of the DCTN4 microexon, indicating the alternatively spliced sequence contributes to normal brain function.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"CRISPR/Cas9 microexon deletion in zebrafish with larval brain-activity imaging and behavioral assays\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"41252186\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Single-organism loss-of-function with only mild phenotype and no molecular pathway placement\",\n        \"Molecular function of the microexon-encoded sequence unknown\",\n        \"Relevance to mammalian DCTN4 not established\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"How DCTN4 selects and discriminates among its diverse cargoes and whether its non-transport roles (AHR expression) depend on the dynactin complex remain unresolved.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No structural model of DCTN4 within dynactin or at cargo interfaces\",\n        \"Mechanistic link between DCTN4 and AHR expression uncharacterized\",\n        \"Physiological role in mammalian copper trafficking not demonstrated\"\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0060090\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 1]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [],\n    \"pathway\": [],\n    \"complexes\": [\"dynactin\"],\n    \"partners\": [\"ATP7B\", \"VP5\"],\n    \"other_free_text\": []\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"evaluation":{"pairwise":"tie","faith_supported":4,"faith_total":4,"faith_pct":100.0}}