{"gene":"CCDC174","run_date":"2026-06-09T22:57:17","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2015,"finding":"CCDC174 is localized exclusively to the cell nucleus and co-localizes with EIF4A3, a core component of the exon junction complex (EJC). Yeast-two-hybrid assay demonstrated direct protein-protein interaction between CCDC174 and EIF4A3.","method":"Immunofluorescence/co-localization, yeast two-hybrid assay","journal":"Human molecular genetics","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 3 / Moderate — co-localization and yeast two-hybrid from a single lab; two orthogonal methods but no reciprocal Co-IP or in vitro reconstitution","pmids":["26358778"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2015,"finding":"Knockdown of the CCDC174 ortholog in Xenopus laevis embryos caused poor neural fold closure, embryonic lethality, reduction in expression of n-tubulin (differentiating primary neurons marker), and loss of hindbrain markers krox20 and hoxb3. These phenotypes were rescued by human wild-type CCDC174 but not by the disease-associated mutant (c.1404A>G, p.[*468Trpext*6]), establishing a direct functional role for CCDC174 in neural development.","method":"Morpholino knockdown in Xenopus laevis with rescue experiment using wild-type vs. mutant human CCDC174 transcripts","journal":"Human molecular genetics","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — loss-of-function with defined phenotypic readout plus allele-specific rescue; single lab, single model organism","pmids":["26358778"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2015,"finding":"Overexpression of the mutant (but not wild-type) CCDC174 in neuroblastoma cells caused rapid apoptosis, indicating a gain-of-toxic-function for the disease-associated variant.","method":"Overexpression of wild-type vs. mutant CCDC174 in neuroblastoma cells with cell viability/apoptosis readout","journal":"Human molecular genetics","confidence":"Low","confidence_rationale":"Tier 3 / Weak — single overexpression experiment, single lab, single method","pmids":["26358778"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2023,"finding":"CCDC174 is a novel RNA-binding protein in mouse ES cells that directly associates with U1 snRNA independently of canonical U1 snRNP-specific proteins, and is required for the selection and effective processing of weak 5' splice sites in hundreds of genes.","method":"BCLIP-seq (cross-linking immunoprecipitation coupled to high-throughput sequencing), knockdown with splice-site processing readout","journal":"RNA (New York, N.Y.)","confidence":"High","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Strong — direct RNA-binding demonstrated by CLIP, functional requirement shown by knockdown, direct U1 snRNA binding independently validated; multiple orthogonal methods in one study","pmids":["37137667"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2026,"finding":"CCDC174 interacts with the splicing machinery-related PRP19/CDC5L complex in oocytes, and loss of CCDC174 leads to aberrant activation of expression of these complex members. Oocyte-specific knockout of Ccdc174 in mice caused oocyte maturation arrest, disrupted mRNA and protein homeostasis, and aberrant alternative splicing, establishing CCDC174 as an alternative splicing regulator required for oocyte competence and female fertility.","method":"Co-immunoprecipitation (CCDC174–CDC5L interaction), oocyte-specific conditional knockout mouse model, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, in vitro functional assays with patient-derived variants","journal":"EMBO molecular medicine","confidence":"High","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Strong — conditional KO with defined cellular phenotype, Co-IP interaction, transcriptomic/proteomic validation, and patient-variant functional testing; multiple orthogonal methods in one study","pmids":["42120494"],"is_preprint":false}],"current_model":"CCDC174 is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that directly associates with U1 snRNA (independently of canonical U1 snRNP proteins) and with the EJC component EIF4A3 and the splicing PRP19/CDC5L complex, functioning as a noncanonical splicing factor that promotes recognition of weak 5' splice sites and regulates alternative splicing of mRNAs; loss of CCDC174 disrupts pre-mRNA splicing fidelity, impairs neural development in Xenopus, and causes oocyte maturation arrest and female infertility in mice."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"CCDC174 is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that functions as a noncanonical splicing factor regulating pre-mRNA processing and alternative splicing [PMID:37137667, PMID:42120494]. It directly associates with U1 snRNA independently of canonical U1 snRNP-specific proteins and is required for the selection and effective processing of weak 5' splice sites across hundreds of genes [PMID:37137667]. CCDC174 physically engages the splicing apparatus on multiple fronts: it directly binds the exon junction complex core component EIF4A3 [PMID:26358778] and interacts with the PRP19/CDC5L complex, whose members become aberrantly upregulated upon CCDC174 loss [PMID:42120494]. Consistent with this splicing role, depletion of CCDC174 disrupts mRNA and protein homeostasis and alternative splicing fidelity, impairs neural fold closure and hindbrain patterning in Xenopus, and—via oocyte-specific knockout in mice—causes oocyte maturation arrest and female infertility [PMID:26358778, PMID:42120494]. A disease-associated CCDC174 variant fails to rescue the neural phenotype in Xenopus and is functionally defective in patient-variant assays, linking CCDC174 dysfunction to its developmental and reproductive roles [PMID:26358778, PMID:42120494].","teleology":[{"year":2015,"claim":"Establishing where CCDC174 acts and what it touches: its exclusive nuclear localization and direct interaction with the EJC core component EIF4A3 first placed it within the mRNA-processing machinery.","evidence":"Immunofluorescence co-localization and yeast two-hybrid in a single study","pmids":["26358778"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No reciprocal Co-IP or in vitro reconstitution of the CCDC174–EIF4A3 interaction","Functional consequence of the EIF4A3 interaction not defined","Binding interface and stoichiometry unknown"]},{"year":2015,"claim":"Linking CCDC174 to an in vivo developmental program: loss-of-function plus allele-specific rescue showed it is required for neural fold closure and hindbrain patterning and that the disease variant is non-functional.","evidence":"Morpholino knockdown in Xenopus with wild-type vs. mutant human CCDC174 rescue","pmids":["26358778"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Single model organism, single lab","Molecular target genes mediating the neural phenotype not identified","Whether the rescue failure reflects loss- or gain-of-function not resolved here"]},{"year":2015,"claim":"Probing the nature of the disease allele: mutant overexpression induced apoptosis, hinting at a gain-of-toxic-function distinct from simple loss.","evidence":"Overexpression of wild-type vs. mutant CCDC174 in neuroblastoma cells with apoptosis readout","pmids":["26358778"],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["Single overexpression experiment, single method, not independently confirmed","Overexpression artifact versus physiological mechanism not distinguished","Molecular basis of the toxicity unknown"]},{"year":2023,"claim":"Defining the core molecular activity: CCDC174 is a bona fide RNA-binding protein that binds U1 snRNA outside the canonical snRNP and is required to process weak 5' splice sites, explaining how it shapes splicing.","evidence":"BCLIP-seq and knockdown with splice-site processing readout in mouse ES cells","pmids":["37137667"],"confidence":"High","gaps":["Structural basis of U1 snRNA recognition not determined","How CCDC174 enhances weak 5' splice site selection mechanistically unresolved","Relationship between U1 snRNA binding and the EIF4A3/EJC interaction unclear"]},{"year":2026,"claim":"Connecting splicing function to a physiological output: oocyte-specific knockout showed CCDC174 interacts with the PRP19/CDC5L complex and is required for oocyte maturation and female fertility through control of alternative splicing and mRNA/protein homeostasis.","evidence":"Conditional knockout mouse, Co-IP, transcriptomic/proteomic profiling, and patient-variant functional assays","pmids":["42120494"],"confidence":"High","gaps":["Direct versus indirect nature of the PRP19/CDC5L association not fully resolved","Key downstream mis-spliced transcripts driving maturation arrest not pinpointed","Whether the U1 snRNA and PRP19/CDC5L activities are mechanistically coupled is unknown"]},{"year":null,"claim":"How CCDC174's distinct molecular contacts—U1 snRNA, EIF4A3/EJC, and the PRP19/CDC5L complex—are integrated into a single mechanism for weak 5' splice site recognition remains unresolved.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"High","gaps":["No structural model of CCDC174 or its RNA/protein interfaces","No unified mechanism linking its splicing partners","Tissue-specific target repertoires beyond neural and oocyte contexts uncharacterized"]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[{"term_id":"GO:0003723","term_label":"RNA binding","supporting_discovery_ids":[3]}],"localization":[{"term_id":"GO:0005634","term_label":"nucleus","supporting_discovery_ids":[0]}],"pathway":[{"term_id":"R-HSA-8953854","term_label":"Metabolism of RNA","supporting_discovery_ids":[3,4]}],"complexes":[],"partners":["EIF4A3","CDC5L"],"other_free_text":[]}},"prefetch_data":{"uniprot":{"accession":"Q6PII3","full_name":"Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 174","aliases":[],"length_aa":467,"mass_kda":54.0,"function":"Probably involved in neuronal development","subcellular_location":"Nucleus","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q6PII3/entry"},"depmap":{"release":"DepMap","has_data":true,"is_common_essential":true,"resolved_as":"","url":"https://depmap.org/portal/gene/CCDC174","classification":"Common Essential","n_dependent_lines":1004,"n_total_lines":1208,"dependency_fraction":0.8311258278145696},"opencell":{"profiled":false,"resolved_as":"","ensg_id":"","cell_line_id":"","localizations":[],"interactors":[{"gene":"EIF4A3","stoichiometry":0.2}],"url":"https://opencell.sf.czbiohub.org/search/CCDC174","total_profiled":1310},"omim":[{"mim_id":"616816","title":"HYPOTONIA, INFANTILE, WITH PSYCHOMOTOR RETARDATION; IHPMR","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/616816"},{"mim_id":"616735","title":"COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 174: CCDC174","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/616735"}],"hpa":{"profiled":true,"resolved_as":"","reliability":"Enhanced","locations":[{"location":"Nucleoplasm","reliability":"Enhanced"}],"tissue_specificity":"Low tissue specificity","tissue_distribution":"Detected in all","driving_tissues":[],"url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/search/CCDC174"},"hgnc":{"alias_symbol":["FLJ33839","ctr1"],"prev_symbol":["C3orf19"]},"alphafold":{"accession":"Q6PII3","domains":[{"cath_id":"-","chopping":"65-128","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":86.9845,"start":65,"end":128},{"cath_id":"3.30.160","chopping":"159-196","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":82.8563,"start":159,"end":196},{"cath_id":"1.20.5","chopping":"202-231","consensus_level":"high","plddt":76.621,"start":202,"end":231},{"cath_id":"1.20.5","chopping":"252-307","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":91.9946,"start":252,"end":307}],"viewer_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/Q6PII3","model_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/files/AF-Q6PII3-F1-model_v6.cif","pae_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/files/AF-Q6PII3-F1-predicted_aligned_error_v6.png","plddt_mean":71.69},"mouse_models":{"mgi_url":"https://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/summary?nomen=CCDC174","jax_strain_url":"https://www.jax.org/strain/search?query=CCDC174"},"sequence":{"accession":"Q6PII3","fasta_url":"https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q6PII3.fasta","uniprot_url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q6PII3/entry","alphafold_viewer_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/Q6PII3"}},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"33969037","id":"PMC_33969037","title":"Identification of Long Non-coding RNA Isolated From Naturally Infected Macrophages and Associated With Bovine Johne's Disease in Canadian Holstein Using a Combination of Neural Networks and Logistic Regression.","date":"2021","source":"Frontiers in veterinary science","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33969037","citation_count":19,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"26358778","id":"PMC_26358778","title":"CDC174, a novel component of the exon junction complex whose mutation underlies a syndrome of hypotonia and psychomotor developmental delay.","date":"2015","source":"Human molecular genetics","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26358778","citation_count":14,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"38294691","id":"PMC_38294691","title":"Detection of polymorphisms in six genes and their association analysis with litter size in sheep.","date":"2024","source":"Animal biotechnology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38294691","citation_count":8,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"37137667","id":"PMC_37137667","title":"Mouse nuclear RNAi-defective 2 promotes splicing of weak 5' splice sites.","date":"2023","source":"RNA (New York, N.Y.)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37137667","citation_count":4,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"42120494","id":"PMC_42120494","title":"CCDC174 deficiency impaired human fertility by affecting the alternative splicing of maternal mRNAs.","date":"2026","source":"EMBO molecular medicine","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42120494","citation_count":0,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"40784251","id":"PMC_40784251","title":"Evolutionary analysis of ghrelin in Actinopterygii.","date":"2025","source":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, Genomics & proteomics","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40784251","citation_count":0,"is_preprint":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":5347,"output_tokens":1320,"usd":0.01792,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":7997,"output_tokens":2252,"usd":0.048142,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.066062,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01ACAxJQabDsht39JXeWG22d","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01QEU22A9U5sbPTgsMzTmvSf","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"finding\": \"CCDC174 is localized exclusively to the cell nucleus and co-localizes with EIF4A3, a core component of the exon junction complex (EJC). Yeast-two-hybrid assay demonstrated direct protein-protein interaction between CCDC174 and EIF4A3.\",\n      \"method\": \"Immunofluorescence/co-localization, yeast two-hybrid assay\",\n      \"journal\": \"Human molecular genetics\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 3 / Moderate — co-localization and yeast two-hybrid from a single lab; two orthogonal methods but no reciprocal Co-IP or in vitro reconstitution\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26358778\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"finding\": \"Knockdown of the CCDC174 ortholog in Xenopus laevis embryos caused poor neural fold closure, embryonic lethality, reduction in expression of n-tubulin (differentiating primary neurons marker), and loss of hindbrain markers krox20 and hoxb3. These phenotypes were rescued by human wild-type CCDC174 but not by the disease-associated mutant (c.1404A>G, p.[*468Trpext*6]), establishing a direct functional role for CCDC174 in neural development.\",\n      \"method\": \"Morpholino knockdown in Xenopus laevis with rescue experiment using wild-type vs. mutant human CCDC174 transcripts\",\n      \"journal\": \"Human molecular genetics\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — loss-of-function with defined phenotypic readout plus allele-specific rescue; single lab, single model organism\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26358778\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"finding\": \"Overexpression of the mutant (but not wild-type) CCDC174 in neuroblastoma cells caused rapid apoptosis, indicating a gain-of-toxic-function for the disease-associated variant.\",\n      \"method\": \"Overexpression of wild-type vs. mutant CCDC174 in neuroblastoma cells with cell viability/apoptosis readout\",\n      \"journal\": \"Human molecular genetics\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 3 / Weak — single overexpression experiment, single lab, single method\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26358778\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2023,\n      \"finding\": \"CCDC174 is a novel RNA-binding protein in mouse ES cells that directly associates with U1 snRNA independently of canonical U1 snRNP-specific proteins, and is required for the selection and effective processing of weak 5' splice sites in hundreds of genes.\",\n      \"method\": \"BCLIP-seq (cross-linking immunoprecipitation coupled to high-throughput sequencing), knockdown with splice-site processing readout\",\n      \"journal\": \"RNA (New York, N.Y.)\",\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Strong — direct RNA-binding demonstrated by CLIP, functional requirement shown by knockdown, direct U1 snRNA binding independently validated; multiple orthogonal methods in one study\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"37137667\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2026,\n      \"finding\": \"CCDC174 interacts with the splicing machinery-related PRP19/CDC5L complex in oocytes, and loss of CCDC174 leads to aberrant activation of expression of these complex members. Oocyte-specific knockout of Ccdc174 in mice caused oocyte maturation arrest, disrupted mRNA and protein homeostasis, and aberrant alternative splicing, establishing CCDC174 as an alternative splicing regulator required for oocyte competence and female fertility.\",\n      \"method\": \"Co-immunoprecipitation (CCDC174–CDC5L interaction), oocyte-specific conditional knockout mouse model, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, in vitro functional assays with patient-derived variants\",\n      \"journal\": \"EMBO molecular medicine\",\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Strong — conditional KO with defined cellular phenotype, Co-IP interaction, transcriptomic/proteomic validation, and patient-variant functional testing; multiple orthogonal methods in one study\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"42120494\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"CCDC174 is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that directly associates with U1 snRNA (independently of canonical U1 snRNP proteins) and with the EJC component EIF4A3 and the splicing PRP19/CDC5L complex, functioning as a noncanonical splicing factor that promotes recognition of weak 5' splice sites and regulates alternative splicing of mRNAs; loss of CCDC174 disrupts pre-mRNA splicing fidelity, impairs neural development in Xenopus, and causes oocyte maturation arrest and female infertility in mice.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"CCDC174 is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that functions as a noncanonical splicing factor regulating pre-mRNA processing and alternative splicing [#3, #4]. It directly associates with U1 snRNA independently of canonical U1 snRNP-specific proteins and is required for the selection and effective processing of weak 5' splice sites across hundreds of genes [#3]. CCDC174 physically engages the splicing apparatus on multiple fronts: it directly binds the exon junction complex core component EIF4A3 [#0] and interacts with the PRP19/CDC5L complex, whose members become aberrantly upregulated upon CCDC174 loss [#4]. Consistent with this splicing role, depletion of CCDC174 disrupts mRNA and protein homeostasis and alternative splicing fidelity, impairs neural fold closure and hindbrain patterning in Xenopus, and—via oocyte-specific knockout in mice—causes oocyte maturation arrest and female infertility [#1, #4]. A disease-associated CCDC174 variant fails to rescue the neural phenotype in Xenopus and is functionally defective in patient-variant assays, linking CCDC174 dysfunction to its developmental and reproductive roles [#1, #4].\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"claim\": \"Establishing where CCDC174 acts and what it touches: its exclusive nuclear localization and direct interaction with the EJC core component EIF4A3 first placed it within the mRNA-processing machinery.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Immunofluorescence co-localization and yeast two-hybrid in a single study\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26358778\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No reciprocal Co-IP or in vitro reconstitution of the CCDC174–EIF4A3 interaction\",\n        \"Functional consequence of the EIF4A3 interaction not defined\",\n        \"Binding interface and stoichiometry unknown\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"claim\": \"Linking CCDC174 to an in vivo developmental program: loss-of-function plus allele-specific rescue showed it is required for neural fold closure and hindbrain patterning and that the disease variant is non-functional.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Morpholino knockdown in Xenopus with wild-type vs. mutant human CCDC174 rescue\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26358778\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Single model organism, single lab\",\n        \"Molecular target genes mediating the neural phenotype not identified\",\n        \"Whether the rescue failure reflects loss- or gain-of-function not resolved here\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"claim\": \"Probing the nature of the disease allele: mutant overexpression induced apoptosis, hinting at a gain-of-toxic-function distinct from simple loss.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Overexpression of wild-type vs. mutant CCDC174 in neuroblastoma cells with apoptosis readout\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26358778\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Single overexpression experiment, single method, not independently confirmed\",\n        \"Overexpression artifact versus physiological mechanism not distinguished\",\n        \"Molecular basis of the toxicity unknown\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2023,\n      \"claim\": \"Defining the core molecular activity: CCDC174 is a bona fide RNA-binding protein that binds U1 snRNA outside the canonical snRNP and is required to process weak 5' splice sites, explaining how it shapes splicing.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"BCLIP-seq and knockdown with splice-site processing readout in mouse ES cells\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"37137667\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Structural basis of U1 snRNA recognition not determined\",\n        \"How CCDC174 enhances weak 5' splice site selection mechanistically unresolved\",\n        \"Relationship between U1 snRNA binding and the EIF4A3/EJC interaction unclear\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2026,\n      \"claim\": \"Connecting splicing function to a physiological output: oocyte-specific knockout showed CCDC174 interacts with the PRP19/CDC5L complex and is required for oocyte maturation and female fertility through control of alternative splicing and mRNA/protein homeostasis.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Conditional knockout mouse, Co-IP, transcriptomic/proteomic profiling, and patient-variant functional assays\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"42120494\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Direct versus indirect nature of the PRP19/CDC5L association not fully resolved\",\n        \"Key downstream mis-spliced transcripts driving maturation arrest not pinpointed\",\n        \"Whether the U1 snRNA and PRP19/CDC5L activities are mechanistically coupled is unknown\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"How CCDC174's distinct molecular contacts—U1 snRNA, EIF4A3/EJC, and the PRP19/CDC5L complex—are integrated into a single mechanism for weak 5' splice site recognition remains unresolved.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No structural model of CCDC174 or its RNA/protein interfaces\",\n        \"No unified mechanism linking its splicing partners\",\n        \"Tissue-specific target repertoires beyond neural and oocyte contexts uncharacterized\"\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0003723\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [3]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005634\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"R-HSA-8953854\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [3, 4]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [],\n    \"partners\": [\"EIF4A3\", \"CDC5L\"],\n    \"other_free_text\": []\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"evaluation":{"faith_supported":5,"faith_total":5,"faith_pct":100.0}}