{"gene":"CATSPERB","run_date":"2026-04-28T17:28:52","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2009,"finding":"CATSPERB is a component of the CATSPER protein complex in sperm, and its localization in the sperm principal piece depends on CATSPER1; in CATSPER1-deficient sperm, CATSPERB protein is lost, indicating CATSPER1 is required for the trafficking and/or assembly of CATSPERB within the complex.","method":"Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence localization, and analysis of CATSPER1-deficient sperm","journal":"Biology of reproduction","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 — loss-of-function model with specific protein localization readout; single lab study","pmids":["19516020"],"is_preprint":false}],"current_model":"CATSPERB is a component of the CatSper ion channel complex in sperm, localizing to the principal piece, where its trafficking and/or assembly within the complex depends on the pore-forming subunit CATSPER1."},"narrative":{"teleology":[{"year":2009,"claim":"Establishing that CATSPERB is a CatSper complex subunit whose principal-piece localization requires CATSPER1 answered whether auxiliary proteins depend on the pore-forming subunit for their assembly into the channel complex.","evidence":"Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and analysis of CATSPER1-null mouse sperm","pmids":["19516020"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Single-lab study; awaits independent confirmation","Direct biochemical role of CATSPERB within the CatSper complex (e.g., ion gating, stability) is unknown","No CATSPERB-null model to define its requirement for channel function or male fertility"]},{"year":null,"claim":"The specific functional contribution of CATSPERB to CatSper channel activity, sperm hyperactivation, and fertilization remains undefined.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["No loss-of-function studies targeting CATSPERB itself","No structural or electrophysiological data for CATSPERB within the CatSper complex","Potential roles in sperm capacitation or chemotaxis have not been tested"]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[{"term_id":"R-HSA-1474165","term_label":"Reproduction","supporting_discovery_ids":[0]}],"complexes":["CatSper channel complex"],"partners":["CATSPER1"],"other_free_text":[]},"mechanistic_narrative":"CATSPERB is a component of the CatSper ion channel complex in sperm, localizing to the principal piece of the flagellum, where its presence depends on the pore-forming subunit CATSPER1 [PMID:19516020]. In CATSPER1-deficient sperm, CATSPERB protein is lost, indicating that CATSPER1 is required for the trafficking and/or assembly of CATSPERB into the complex [PMID:19516020]."},"prefetch_data":{"uniprot":{"accession":"Q9H7T0","full_name":"Cation channel sperm-associated auxiliary subunit beta","aliases":[],"length_aa":1116,"mass_kda":126.9,"function":"Auxiliary component of the CatSper complex, a complex involved in sperm cell hyperactivation. Sperm cell hyperactivation is needed for sperm motility which is essential late in the preparation of sperm for fertilization","subcellular_location":"Cell projection, cilium, flagellum membrane","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9H7T0/entry"},"depmap":{"release":"DepMap","has_data":true,"is_common_essential":false,"resolved_as":"","url":"https://depmap.org/portal/gene/CATSPERB","classification":"Not Classified","n_dependent_lines":0,"n_total_lines":1208,"dependency_fraction":0.0},"opencell":{"profiled":false,"resolved_as":"","ensg_id":"","cell_line_id":"","localizations":[],"interactors":[],"url":"https://opencell.sf.czbiohub.org/search/CATSPERB","total_profiled":1310},"omim":[{"mim_id":"613452","title":"CATION CHANNEL, SPERM-ASSOCIATED, AUXILIARY SUBUNIT GAMMA; CATSPERG","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/613452"},{"mim_id":"611169","title":"CATION CHANNEL, SPERM-ASSOCIATED, AUXILIARY SUBUNIT BETA; CATSPERB","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/611169"},{"mim_id":"609121","title":"CATION CHANNEL, SPERM-ASSOCIATED, 4; CATSPER4","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/609121"},{"mim_id":"609120","title":"CATION CHANNEL, SPERM-ASSOCIATED, 3; CATSPER3","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/609120"},{"mim_id":"607249","title":"CATION CHANNEL, SPERM-ASSOCIATED, 2; CATSPER2","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/607249"}],"hpa":{"profiled":true,"resolved_as":"","reliability":"Approved","locations":[{"location":"Mid piece","reliability":"Approved"}],"tissue_specificity":"Tissue enriched","tissue_distribution":"Detected in some","driving_tissues":[{"tissue":"pancreas","ntpm":10.3}],"url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/search/CATSPERB"},"hgnc":{"alias_symbol":["FLJ14298"],"prev_symbol":["C14orf161"]},"alphafold":{"accession":"Q9H7T0","domains":[{"cath_id":"2.60.40.10","chopping":"24-153","consensus_level":"high","plddt":77.5029,"start":24,"end":153},{"cath_id":"-","chopping":"540-709","consensus_level":"high","plddt":91.0556,"start":540,"end":709},{"cath_id":"2.60.40.1510","chopping":"727-829","consensus_level":"high","plddt":83.2822,"start":727,"end":829},{"cath_id":"-","chopping":"836-1049","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":90.5474,"start":836,"end":1049},{"cath_id":"1.20.5","chopping":"1058-1086","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":80.011,"start":1058,"end":1086}],"viewer_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/Q9H7T0","model_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/files/AF-Q9H7T0-F1-model_v6.cif","pae_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/files/AF-Q9H7T0-F1-predicted_aligned_error_v6.png","plddt_mean":85.06},"mouse_models":{"mgi_url":"https://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/summary?nomen=CATSPERB","jax_strain_url":"https://www.jax.org/strain/search?query=CATSPERB"},"sequence":{"accession":"Q9H7T0","fasta_url":"https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9H7T0.fasta","uniprot_url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9H7T0/entry","alphafold_viewer_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/Q9H7T0"}},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"19516020","id":"PMC_19516020","title":"A novel, single, transmembrane protein CATSPERG is associated with CATSPER1 channel protein.","date":"2009","source":"Biology of reproduction","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19516020","citation_count":99,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"20164292","id":"PMC_20164292","title":"Genome-wide association study of bone mineral density in premenopausal European-American women and replication in African-American women.","date":"2010","source":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20164292","citation_count":65,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"32031713","id":"PMC_32031713","title":"Apocrine glands are bystanders in hidradenitis suppurativa and their involvement is gender specific.","date":"2020","source":"Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32031713","citation_count":24,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"30936599","id":"PMC_30936599","title":"Inhibition of CatSper and Hv1 Channels and NOX5 Enzyme Affect Progesterone-Induced Increase of Intracellular Calcium Concentration and ROS Generation in Human Sperm.","date":"2019","source":"Iranian journal of medical sciences","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30936599","citation_count":17,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"33247676","id":"PMC_33247676","title":"Pan-Cancer Multiomics Analysis of TC2N Gene Suggests its Important Role(s) in Tumourigenesis of Many Cancers.","date":"2020","source":"Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33247676","citation_count":12,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"36672807","id":"PMC_36672807","title":"Identification of Circular RNAs of Testis and Caput Epididymis and Prediction of Their Potential Functional Roles in Donkeys.","date":"2022","source":"Genes","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36672807","citation_count":8,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"29213343","id":"PMC_29213343","title":"Exome sequencing characterizes the somatic mutation spectrum of early serrated lesions in a patient with serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS).","date":"2017","source":"Hereditary cancer in clinical practice","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29213343","citation_count":6,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"34867976","id":"PMC_34867976","title":"Novel Tumor-Specific Antigens for Immunotherapy Identified From Multi-omics Profiling in Thymic Carcinomas.","date":"2021","source":"Frontiers in immunology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34867976","citation_count":6,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"27220576","id":"PMC_27220576","title":"[Mutation screening for the causative gene in a four-generation Chinese pedigree with progressive cardiac conduction defect].","date":"2016","source":"Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27220576","citation_count":3,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"25927035","id":"PMC_25927035","title":"Relationship between CATSPERB, NR5A2 gene polymorphisms and Peak Bone Mineral Density in College Students in China.","date":"2014","source":"Iranian journal of public health","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25927035","citation_count":1,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"39210919","id":"PMC_39210919","title":"Prochloraz induced alterations in the expression of mRNA in the reproductive system of male offspring mice.","date":"2024","source":"PeerJ","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39210919","citation_count":1,"is_preprint":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":7534,"output_tokens":294,"usd":0.013506},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-6","input_tokens":3440,"output_tokens":599,"usd":0.048262},"total_usd":0.061768,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_011kfMfE81o6CTcyhVUqumuW","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01DTputS6WNkH745x1nVSoBo","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2009,\n      \"finding\": \"CATSPERB is a component of the CATSPER protein complex in sperm, and its localization in the sperm principal piece depends on CATSPER1; in CATSPER1-deficient sperm, CATSPERB protein is lost, indicating CATSPER1 is required for the trafficking and/or assembly of CATSPERB within the complex.\",\n      \"method\": \"Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence localization, and analysis of CATSPER1-deficient sperm\",\n      \"journal\": \"Biology of reproduction\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 — loss-of-function model with specific protein localization readout; single lab study\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"19516020\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"CATSPERB is a component of the CatSper ion channel complex in sperm, localizing to the principal piece, where its trafficking and/or assembly within the complex depends on the pore-forming subunit CATSPER1.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"CATSPERB is a component of the CatSper ion channel complex in sperm, localizing to the principal piece of the flagellum, where its presence depends on the pore-forming subunit CATSPER1 [PMID:19516020]. In CATSPER1-deficient sperm, CATSPERB protein is lost, indicating that CATSPER1 is required for the trafficking and/or assembly of CATSPERB into the complex [PMID:19516020].\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2009,\n      \"claim\": \"Establishing that CATSPERB is a CatSper complex subunit whose principal-piece localization requires CATSPER1 answered whether auxiliary proteins depend on the pore-forming subunit for their assembly into the channel complex.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and analysis of CATSPER1-null mouse sperm\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"19516020\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Single-lab study; awaits independent confirmation\",\n        \"Direct biochemical role of CATSPERB within the CatSper complex (e.g., ion gating, stability) is unknown\",\n        \"No CATSPERB-null model to define its requirement for channel function or male fertility\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"The specific functional contribution of CATSPERB to CatSper channel activity, sperm hyperactivation, and fertilization remains undefined.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No loss-of-function studies targeting CATSPERB itself\",\n        \"No structural or electrophysiological data for CATSPERB within the CatSper complex\",\n        \"Potential roles in sperm capacitation or chemotaxis have not been tested\"\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [],\n    \"localization\": [],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\n        \"term_id\": \"R-HSA-1474165\",\n        \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0]\n      }\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [\"CatSper channel complex\"],\n    \"partners\": [\"CATSPER1\"],\n    \"other_free_text\": []\n  }\n}\n```"}