{"gene":"ACTRT3","run_date":"2026-06-09T22:02:40","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2008,"finding":"Mouse ArpM1 (ACTRT3) is expressed exclusively in the testis in haploid germ cells; it localizes to the nucleus during spermiogenesis and dynamically changes its nuclear localization. Co-immunoprecipitation identified profilin III (PFN3) as an ArpM1-interacting protein, forming a testis-specific complex implicated in sperm nucleus organization.","method":"Co-immunoprecipitation, immunolocalization during spermiogenesis","journal":"FEBS letters","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — reciprocal Co-IP with immunolocalization, single lab, two orthogonal methods","pmids":["18692047"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2021,"finding":"In Pfn3-knockout mice, ARPM1 (ACTRT3) is absent from the nuclear fraction of testes and sperm, indicating that PFN3 stabilizes ARPM1 and that the PFN3-ARPM1 complex is required for ARPM1 nuclear localization. Loss of PFN3 leads to degradation of ARPM1.","method":"CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, subcellular fractionation, western blot","journal":"Frontiers in cell and developmental biology","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — genetic knockout with fractionation evidence, single lab, two orthogonal methods","pmids":["34869336"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2026,"finding":"ACTRT3 localizes to the perinuclear theca (PT) of murine spermatids. Actrt3-/- male mice are subfertile with acrosome biogenesis defects beginning at cap phase. Loss of ACTRT3 reduces TGN46 and GOPC protein levels, mislocalizes GM130, and impairs autophagy markers (LC3B, CTSB, mTOR), indicating disrupted Golgi trafficking and autophagic flux required for acrosome development. Co-IP revealed interaction with PT proteins ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A, SPEM2, and sperm surface protein ZPBP. Mass spectrometry identified cytoskeletal regulators CFL1 and CNN1 as enriched interactors. Overexpression of Actrt3 in HEK293T cells altered cell shape and F-actin filament distribution, demonstrating a role in cytoskeletal remodeling. PFN3 protein levels were significantly reduced in Actrt3-/- mice.","method":"Knockout mouse model, co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence localization, overexpression in HEK293T cells, western blot","journal":"Development (Cambridge, England)","confidence":"High","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Strong — multiple orthogonal methods (KO phenotype, Co-IP, MS, overexpression assay, localization) in a single rigorous study","pmids":["41668650"],"is_preprint":false},{"year":2025,"finding":"ARPM1/ACTRT3 localizes to the perinuclear theca of round and elongating spermatids. Arpm1-/- male mice are subfertile with acrosomal morphological aberrations from cap phase. Loss of ARPM1 deregulates GM130 and TGN46, indicating defects in cis- and trans-Golgi trafficking. Co-IP confirmed interactions with PT proteins ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A, and sperm surface protein ZPBP (in addition to the previously shown PFN3 interaction). ARPM1 is proposed to act as a structural PT scaffold component tethering PFN3 to regulate Golgi-related acrosome development and mediating ZPBP localization for fertilization.","method":"Knockout mouse model, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, western blot","journal":"bioRxiv","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — KO phenotype with Co-IP and localization, single lab, preprint not yet peer-reviewed","pmids":["bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645694"],"is_preprint":true}],"current_model":"ACTRT3 (ARPM1) is a testis-enriched actin-related protein that localizes to the perinuclear theca of spermatids, where it forms a complex with Profilin 3 (PFN3) and PT scaffold proteins (ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A, SPEM2); it is required for acrosome biogenesis by supporting Golgi trafficking (GM130, TGN46/GOPC) and autophagic flux, mediates ZPBP localization on the sperm surface, and regulates F-actin cytoskeletal organization, with loss of ACTRT3 causing subfertility due to acrosomal defects and disrupted PT architecture."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"ACTRT3 (ARPM1) is a testis-enriched actin-related protein that functions as a structural component of the spermatid perinuclear theca (PT) required for acrosome biogenesis and male fertility [PMID:41668650]. It forms a testis-specific complex with profilin III (PFN3), a partnership that is mutually stabilizing: PFN3 is required to maintain ARPM1 in the nuclear fraction, and loss of either partner reduces the level of the other [PMID:18692047, PMID:34869336, PMID:41668650]. Within the PT, ACTRT3 associates with the scaffold proteins ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A and SPEM2 and with the sperm-surface protein ZPBP, positioning it as a PT scaffold component that mediates ZPBP localization [PMID:41668650, PMID:bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645694]. ACTRT3 supports acrosome development by sustaining Golgi trafficking—its loss reduces TGN46 and GOPC, mislocalizes GM130, and impairs autophagic flux (LC3B, CTSB, mTOR)—and it remodels the actin cytoskeleton, interacting with the regulators CFL1 and CNN1 and altering F-actin distribution and cell shape when overexpressed [PMID:41668650]. Loss of ACTRT3 in mice causes subfertility with acrosomal defects beginning at the cap phase [PMID:41668650, PMID:bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645694].","teleology":[{"year":2008,"claim":"Established ACTRT3 as a haploid germ-cell-specific actin-related protein with a dynamic nuclear localization and identified its first binding partner, addressing what protein context it operates in.","evidence":"Co-immunoprecipitation and immunolocalization across spermiogenesis in mouse testis","pmids":["18692047"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Functional consequence of the PFN3 interaction not tested","No loss-of-function phenotype established","Single lab, reciprocal validation limited"]},{"year":2021,"claim":"Defined the directionality of the PFN3-ARPM1 relationship, showing PFN3 stabilizes ARPM1 and is required for its nuclear localization, resolving how the complex is maintained.","evidence":"Pfn3 CRISPR/Cas9 knockout mice with subcellular fractionation and western blot","pmids":["34869336"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Mechanism of ARPM1 degradation upon PFN3 loss unknown","Direct downstream function of the complex not addressed"]},{"year":2025,"claim":"Placed ARPM1 in the perinuclear theca as a scaffold tethering PFN3 and linked its loss to acrosomal defects and disrupted Golgi trafficking, addressing the cellular pathway it serves.","evidence":"Arpm1 knockout mouse, co-IP, immunofluorescence and western blot (preprint)","pmids":["bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645694"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Preprint not yet peer-reviewed","Direct vs. indirect effect on Golgi markers not dissected","Mechanism of ZPBP localization not resolved"]},{"year":2026,"claim":"Consolidated ACTRT3 as a PT scaffold coordinating Golgi trafficking, autophagic flux, and actin remodeling for acrosome biogenesis, integrating its protein interactions with a defined fertility phenotype.","evidence":"Actrt3 knockout mouse phenotyping, co-IP, mass spectrometry, HEK293T overexpression, immunofluorescence, western blot","pmids":["41668650"],"confidence":"High","gaps":["Whether ACTRT3 directly regulates autophagy or acts indirectly is unresolved","Catalytic/structural role of the actin-related fold not defined","CFL1/CNN1 interactions are MS-enriched and not functionally validated"]},{"year":null,"claim":"How ACTRT3 mechanistically couples PT architecture to Golgi-derived acrosome assembly and F-actin dynamics remains unresolved.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No structural model of ACTRT3 within the PT scaffold","Direct molecular link between ACTRT3 and Golgi trafficking machinery unknown","Whether cytoskeletal remodeling is upstream or downstream of acrosome defects untested"]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[{"term_id":"GO:0008092","term_label":"cytoskeletal protein binding","supporting_discovery_ids":[2]},{"term_id":"GO:0005198","term_label":"structural molecule activity","supporting_discovery_ids":[2,3]}],"localization":[{"term_id":"GO:0005634","term_label":"nucleus","supporting_discovery_ids":[0,1]},{"term_id":"GO:0005856","term_label":"cytoskeleton","supporting_discovery_ids":[2]}],"pathway":[{"term_id":"R-HSA-1474165","term_label":"Reproduction","supporting_discovery_ids":[2,3]},{"term_id":"R-HSA-9612973","term_label":"Autophagy","supporting_discovery_ids":[2]}],"complexes":["perinuclear theca"],"partners":["PFN3","ACTRT1","ACTRT2","ACTL7A","SPEM2","ZPBP","CFL1","CNN1"],"other_free_text":[]}},"prefetch_data":{"uniprot":{"accession":"Q9BYD9","full_name":"Actin-related protein T3","aliases":["Actin-related protein M1"],"length_aa":372,"mass_kda":41.0,"function":"","subcellular_location":"Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cytoplasm; Nucleus","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9BYD9/entry"},"depmap":{"release":"DepMap","has_data":true,"is_common_essential":false,"resolved_as":"","url":"https://depmap.org/portal/gene/ACTRT3","classification":"Not Classified","n_dependent_lines":3,"n_total_lines":1208,"dependency_fraction":0.0024834437086092716},"opencell":{"profiled":false,"resolved_as":"","ensg_id":"","cell_line_id":"","localizations":[],"interactors":[],"url":"https://opencell.sf.czbiohub.org/search/ACTRT3","total_profiled":1310},"omim":[{"mim_id":"608534","title":"ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN T3; ACTRT3","url":"https://www.omim.org/entry/608534"}],"hpa":{"profiled":true,"resolved_as":"","reliability":"Approved","locations":[{"location":"Nucleoplasm","reliability":"Approved"},{"location":"Centrosome","reliability":"Additional"},{"location":"Cytosol","reliability":"Additional"},{"location":"Acrosome","reliability":"Additional"}],"tissue_specificity":"Tissue enriched","tissue_distribution":"Detected in many","driving_tissues":[{"tissue":"testis","ntpm":54.1}],"url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/search/ACTRT3"},"hgnc":{"alias_symbol":["ARPM1"],"prev_symbol":[]},"alphafold":{"accession":"Q9BYD9","domains":[{"cath_id":"3.30.420.40","chopping":"9-137_335-372","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":92.6333,"start":9,"end":372},{"cath_id":"3.30.420.40","chopping":"143-180_269-328","consensus_level":"medium","plddt":97.4665,"start":143,"end":328},{"cath_id":"3.90.640.10","chopping":"182-264","consensus_level":"high","plddt":95.1876,"start":182,"end":264}],"viewer_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/Q9BYD9","model_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/files/AF-Q9BYD9-F1-model_v6.cif","pae_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/files/AF-Q9BYD9-F1-predicted_aligned_error_v6.png","plddt_mean":94.38},"mouse_models":{"mgi_url":"https://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/summary?nomen=ACTRT3","jax_strain_url":"https://www.jax.org/strain/search?query=ACTRT3"},"sequence":{"accession":"Q9BYD9","fasta_url":"https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9BYD9.fasta","uniprot_url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9BYD9/entry","alphafold_viewer_url":"https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/Q9BYD9"}},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"18692047","id":"PMC_18692047","title":"Nuclear localization of profilin III-ArpM1 complex in mouse spermiogenesis.","date":"2008","source":"FEBS letters","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18692047","citation_count":26,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"34869336","id":"PMC_34869336","title":"Loss of Profilin3 Impairs Spermiogenesis by Affecting Acrosome Biogenesis, Autophagy, Manchette Development and Mitochondrial Organization.","date":"2021","source":"Frontiers in cell and developmental biology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34869336","citation_count":21,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"39425105","id":"PMC_39425105","title":"Plasma genome-wide mendelian randomization identifies potentially causal genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","date":"2024","source":"Respiratory research","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39425105","citation_count":6,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"31524152","id":"PMC_31524152","title":"Assessment of the genes and molecular mechanisms of B cells activation through systems biology approaches.","date":"2020","source":"Human antibodies","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31524152","citation_count":0,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"41668650","id":"PMC_41668650","title":"Actin-related protein T3 is required for acrosome biogenesis and sperm function in mice.","date":"2026","source":"Development (Cambridge, England)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41668650","citation_count":0,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":"42201020","id":"PMC_42201020","title":"Regulatory Variation at TERT and TERC Shows Limited Association with Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease in Carriers of the Mexican Founder Mutation PSEN1 A431E.","date":"2026","source":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42201020","citation_count":0,"is_preprint":false},{"pmid":null,"id":"bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645694","title":"Actin-related protein M1 (ARPM1) required for acrosome biogenesis and sperm function in mice","date":"2025-04-01","source":"bioRxiv","url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.03.27.645694","citation_count":0,"is_preprint":true},{"pmid":null,"id":"bio_10.1101_2024.10.29.24316326","title":"Unraveling the genetic landscape of susceptibility to multiple primary cancers","date":"2024-10-30","source":"bioRxiv","url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.10.29.24316326","citation_count":0,"is_preprint":true}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":6735,"output_tokens":1368,"usd":0.020362,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":7987,"output_tokens":2054,"usd":0.045643,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.066005,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_0179Z2pxRYBsXi2xADneafRw","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01LaY9ZaVdgjWArcZo9eqQE5","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2008,\n      \"finding\": \"Mouse ArpM1 (ACTRT3) is expressed exclusively in the testis in haploid germ cells; it localizes to the nucleus during spermiogenesis and dynamically changes its nuclear localization. Co-immunoprecipitation identified profilin III (PFN3) as an ArpM1-interacting protein, forming a testis-specific complex implicated in sperm nucleus organization.\",\n      \"method\": \"Co-immunoprecipitation, immunolocalization during spermiogenesis\",\n      \"journal\": \"FEBS letters\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — reciprocal Co-IP with immunolocalization, single lab, two orthogonal methods\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"18692047\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2021,\n      \"finding\": \"In Pfn3-knockout mice, ARPM1 (ACTRT3) is absent from the nuclear fraction of testes and sperm, indicating that PFN3 stabilizes ARPM1 and that the PFN3-ARPM1 complex is required for ARPM1 nuclear localization. Loss of PFN3 leads to degradation of ARPM1.\",\n      \"method\": \"CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, subcellular fractionation, western blot\",\n      \"journal\": \"Frontiers in cell and developmental biology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — genetic knockout with fractionation evidence, single lab, two orthogonal methods\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"34869336\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2026,\n      \"finding\": \"ACTRT3 localizes to the perinuclear theca (PT) of murine spermatids. Actrt3-/- male mice are subfertile with acrosome biogenesis defects beginning at cap phase. Loss of ACTRT3 reduces TGN46 and GOPC protein levels, mislocalizes GM130, and impairs autophagy markers (LC3B, CTSB, mTOR), indicating disrupted Golgi trafficking and autophagic flux required for acrosome development. Co-IP revealed interaction with PT proteins ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A, SPEM2, and sperm surface protein ZPBP. Mass spectrometry identified cytoskeletal regulators CFL1 and CNN1 as enriched interactors. Overexpression of Actrt3 in HEK293T cells altered cell shape and F-actin filament distribution, demonstrating a role in cytoskeletal remodeling. PFN3 protein levels were significantly reduced in Actrt3-/- mice.\",\n      \"method\": \"Knockout mouse model, co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence localization, overexpression in HEK293T cells, western blot\",\n      \"journal\": \"Development (Cambridge, England)\",\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Strong — multiple orthogonal methods (KO phenotype, Co-IP, MS, overexpression assay, localization) in a single rigorous study\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"41668650\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2025,\n      \"finding\": \"ARPM1/ACTRT3 localizes to the perinuclear theca of round and elongating spermatids. Arpm1-/- male mice are subfertile with acrosomal morphological aberrations from cap phase. Loss of ARPM1 deregulates GM130 and TGN46, indicating defects in cis- and trans-Golgi trafficking. Co-IP confirmed interactions with PT proteins ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A, and sperm surface protein ZPBP (in addition to the previously shown PFN3 interaction). ARPM1 is proposed to act as a structural PT scaffold component tethering PFN3 to regulate Golgi-related acrosome development and mediating ZPBP localization for fertilization.\",\n      \"method\": \"Knockout mouse model, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, western blot\",\n      \"journal\": \"bioRxiv\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — KO phenotype with Co-IP and localization, single lab, preprint not yet peer-reviewed\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645694\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": true\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"ACTRT3 (ARPM1) is a testis-enriched actin-related protein that localizes to the perinuclear theca of spermatids, where it forms a complex with Profilin 3 (PFN3) and PT scaffold proteins (ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A, SPEM2); it is required for acrosome biogenesis by supporting Golgi trafficking (GM130, TGN46/GOPC) and autophagic flux, mediates ZPBP localization on the sperm surface, and regulates F-actin cytoskeletal organization, with loss of ACTRT3 causing subfertility due to acrosomal defects and disrupted PT architecture.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"ACTRT3 (ARPM1) is a testis-enriched actin-related protein that functions as a structural component of the spermatid perinuclear theca (PT) required for acrosome biogenesis and male fertility [#2]. It forms a testis-specific complex with profilin III (PFN3), a partnership that is mutually stabilizing: PFN3 is required to maintain ARPM1 in the nuclear fraction, and loss of either partner reduces the level of the other [#0, #1, #2]. Within the PT, ACTRT3 associates with the scaffold proteins ACTRT1, ACTRT2, ACTL7A and SPEM2 and with the sperm-surface protein ZPBP, positioning it as a PT scaffold component that mediates ZPBP localization [#2, #3]. ACTRT3 supports acrosome development by sustaining Golgi trafficking—its loss reduces TGN46 and GOPC, mislocalizes GM130, and impairs autophagic flux (LC3B, CTSB, mTOR)—and it remodels the actin cytoskeleton, interacting with the regulators CFL1 and CNN1 and altering F-actin distribution and cell shape when overexpressed [#2]. Loss of ACTRT3 in mice causes subfertility with acrosomal defects beginning at the cap phase [#2, #3].\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2008,\n      \"claim\": \"Established ACTRT3 as a haploid germ-cell-specific actin-related protein with a dynamic nuclear localization and identified its first binding partner, addressing what protein context it operates in.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Co-immunoprecipitation and immunolocalization across spermiogenesis in mouse testis\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"18692047\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Functional consequence of the PFN3 interaction not tested\",\n        \"No loss-of-function phenotype established\",\n        \"Single lab, reciprocal validation limited\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2021,\n      \"claim\": \"Defined the directionality of the PFN3-ARPM1 relationship, showing PFN3 stabilizes ARPM1 and is required for its nuclear localization, resolving how the complex is maintained.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Pfn3 CRISPR/Cas9 knockout mice with subcellular fractionation and western blot\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"34869336\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Mechanism of ARPM1 degradation upon PFN3 loss unknown\",\n        \"Direct downstream function of the complex not addressed\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2025,\n      \"claim\": \"Placed ARPM1 in the perinuclear theca as a scaffold tethering PFN3 and linked its loss to acrosomal defects and disrupted Golgi trafficking, addressing the cellular pathway it serves.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Arpm1 knockout mouse, co-IP, immunofluorescence and western blot (preprint)\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645694\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Preprint not yet peer-reviewed\",\n        \"Direct vs. indirect effect on Golgi markers not dissected\",\n        \"Mechanism of ZPBP localization not resolved\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2026,\n      \"claim\": \"Consolidated ACTRT3 as a PT scaffold coordinating Golgi trafficking, autophagic flux, and actin remodeling for acrosome biogenesis, integrating its protein interactions with a defined fertility phenotype.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Actrt3 knockout mouse phenotyping, co-IP, mass spectrometry, HEK293T overexpression, immunofluorescence, western blot\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"41668650\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Whether ACTRT3 directly regulates autophagy or acts indirectly is unresolved\",\n        \"Catalytic/structural role of the actin-related fold not defined\",\n        \"CFL1/CNN1 interactions are MS-enriched and not functionally validated\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"How ACTRT3 mechanistically couples PT architecture to Golgi-derived acrosome assembly and F-actin dynamics remains unresolved.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No structural model of ACTRT3 within the PT scaffold\",\n        \"Direct molecular link between ACTRT3 and Golgi trafficking machinery unknown\",\n        \"Whether cytoskeletal remodeling is upstream or downstream of acrosome defects untested\"\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0008092\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [2]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005198\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [2, 3]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005634\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 1]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005856\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [2]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"R-HSA-1474165\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [2, 3]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"R-HSA-9612973\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [2]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [\n      \"perinuclear theca\"\n    ],\n    \"partners\": [\n      \"PFN3\",\n      \"ACTRT1\",\n      \"ACTRT2\",\n      \"ACTL7A\",\n      \"SPEM2\",\n      \"ZPBP\",\n      \"CFL1\",\n      \"CNN1\"\n    ],\n    \"other_free_text\": []\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"evaluation":{"faith_supported":5,"faith_total":5,"faith_pct":100.0}}